Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2012 George Washington: Progenitor of American Public Administration Theory Scott A. (Scott Alan) Cook Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND PUBLIC POLICY GEORGE WASHINGTON: PROGENITOR OF AMERICAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION THEORY By SCOTT A. COOK A Dissertation submitted to the Reubin O’D. Askew School of Public Administration and Policy in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2012 Scott A. Cook defended this dissertation on June 22, 2012. The members of the supervisory committee were: William Earle Klay Professor Directing Dissertation Deana Rohlinger University Representative Ralph Brower Committee Member Lance deHaven-Smith Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii I dedicate this to my wife Thanks for doing everything else so that I could do this iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am forever grateful to my committee chair, Earle Klay. His intellectual guidance, humble mentorship, and unselfish patience made this dissertation process an enjoyable success. I am also thankful to my committee members, Deana Rohlinger, Ralph Brower, and Lance deHaven-Smith. Their insightful comments and feedback enhanced the quality of this research project beyond my natural abilities. Each member provided inspiration that became tangible parts of my dissertation. I also acknowledge the contributions of my friends and colleagues at the Air Command and Staff College. Without their help, advice, and assistance, I would have never started this journey. I am particularly indebted to Edwina, Lewis, Morgan, and Brian. And finally, no achievement can truly be enjoyed without having special people to share it. My family’s encouragement has always given me the confidence to boldly face all challenges. My parents, brothers, wife, and children have all been sources of motivation and support. This accomplishment is as much theirs as it is mine. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ vii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. viii Abstract ............................................................................................................................................x 1. INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................1 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................14 3. RESEARCH METHOD ....................................................................................................31 4. MILITARY ADMINISTRATION ...................................................................................43 5. IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION ..................................................................................62 6. PROGRESSIVISM ...........................................................................................................80 7. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................96 8. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS ..........................113 9. CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................131 APPENDIX A. CODES, CATEGORIES, CONCEPTS, CHAPTERS ............................145 APPENDIX B. LESSON OF THE NEWBURGH CONSPIRACY ................................151 APPENDIX C. CIPHER ..................................................................................................152 APPENDIX D. VARICK’S TRANSCRIPTION OF LETTER FROM GEORGE WASHINGTON TO TIMOTHY PICKERING .........................................................................156 APPENDIX E. SELECTIONS FROM WASHINGTON’S SCHOOL BOOK ...............158 APPENDIX F. EXAMPLES FROM WASHINGTON’S LEDGER BOOK ..................169 APPENDIX G. EXAMPLES FROM WASHINGTON’S EXPENSE ACCOUNT ........172 APPENDIX H. LETTER FROM HENRY KNOX TO GEORGE WASHINGTON ......175 v APPENDIX I. TRANSCRIPTION OF LETTER FROM GEORGE WASHINGTON TO RICHARD CONWAY ................................................................................................................177 APPENDIX J. WASHINGTON’S ESTIMATE OF ARMY OVERHEAD COSTS .....178 APPENDIX K. FITZPATRICK’S TRANSCRIPTION OF LETTER FROM GEORGE WASHINGTON TO THOMAS JOHNSON ..............................................................................179 APPENDIX L. EVALUATION OF WASHINGTON’S CONTRIBUTIONS ................182 APPENDIX M. NOTES ....................................................................................................183 APPENDIX N. AIR FORCE PUBLIC AFFAIRS DISCLAIMER ..................................204 BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................................................205 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH .....................................................................................................222 vi LIST OF TABLES A.1 Codes, Categories, and Concepts from Chapter Four: Military Administration .............145 A.2 Codes, Categories, and Concepts from Chapter Five: Importance of Education ............146 A.3 Codes, Categories, and Concepts from Chapter Six: Progressivism ...............................148 A.4 Codes, Categories, and Concepts from Chapter Seven: Financial Management .............149 A.5 Codes, Categories, and Concepts from Chapter Eight: Relationship between Public and Private Sectors ............................................................................................................................150 L.1 Evaluation of Washington’s Contributions to the Concepts Discussed in Chapters Four through Eight ...............................................................................................................................182 vii LIST OF FIGURES B.1 Paragraph 1-14 of Army Manual FM-1 (June 2005) .......................................................151 C.1 Cipher Used to Encode Messages (Page 1) .....................................................................152 C.2 Cipher Used to Encode Messages (Page 2) .....................................................................153 C.3 Cipher Used to Encode Messages (Page 3) .....................................................................154 C.4 Cipher Used to Decode Messages ...................................................................................155 D.1 Letter Reflecting Similarities in the Philosophies of George Washington and Frederick Taylor ...........................................................................................................................................156 E.1 Page from Washington’s Copy Book Explaining Simple Interest...................................158 E.2 Exercises for Calculating Simple Interest ........................................................................159 E.3 More Information on Calculating Simple Interest ..........................................................160 E.4 Information on Calculating Compound Interest ..............................................................161 E.5 More Information on Calculating Compound Interest .....................................................162 E.6 Table for Calculating Compound Interest........................................................................163 E.7 Page Explaining How to Use the Interest Table ..............................................................164 E.8 Example Explaining How to Calculate Compound Interest ............................................165 E.9 Compound Interest Exercises .........................................................................................166 E.10 Example Showing How to Convert Currency ................................................................167 E.11 Example Showing How to Calculate Profit .....................................................................168 F.1 Ledger Pages Showing How Washington Separated His Financial Accounts ................169 F.2 Ledger Pages Showing Washington’s Attention to Detail ..............................................170 F.3 Ledger Pages for Tobacco and the State of Virginia .......................................................171 G.1 Expense Account Showing Entry for Barber ...................................................................172 viii G.2 Expense Account Showing Entries for Horse and Carriage ............................................173 G.3 Expense Account Showing Entry for Secret Intelligence ................................................174 H.1 Estimate of Expenses for Negotiating with Southern Indians (Page 1) ..........................175 H.2 Estimate of Expenses for Negotiating with Southern Indians (Page 2) ...........................176 I.1 Letter Showing Washington’s Anguish Over Debt .........................................................177 J.1 Washington’s Estimate to Congress, December 1775 .....................................................178 K.1 Letter Showing Washington’s Initial