PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI STEPHEN KUMALO'S STRUGGLES TO SOLVE HIS FAMILY PROBLEMS IN ALAN PATON’S CRY, THE BELOVED COUNTRY A THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Language Education By Heribertus Martinus Moscati Student Number: 041214135 ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2011 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI STEPHEN KUMALO'S STRUGGLES TO SOLVE HIS FAMILY PROBLEMS IN ALAN PATON’S CRY, THE BELOVED COUNTRY A THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Language Education By Heribertus Martinus Moscati Student Number: 041214135 ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2011 i PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Pope John Paul II The great danger for family life, in the midst of any society whose idols are pleasure, comfort and independence, lies in the fact that people close their hearts and become selfish. Oprah Winfrey (1954 - ), O Magazine, September 2002 The key to realizing a dream is to focus not on success but significance - and then even the small steps and little victories along your path will take on greater meaning. Friedrich Nietzsche No price is too high to pay for the privilege of owning yourself. This thesis is dedicated to: My mother, father, brothers, lover, and best friends v PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I would like to thank Jesus Christ and Mother Mary for enormous blessing and guidance for me to finish this work. Then, my gratitude goes to my sponsor, Rm. Lucianus Suharjanto, S.J. who had helped me with patience from the start. My thank is also for Ms. Caecilia Tutyandari, S.Pd. M.Pd., as the chairperson of English Education Study Program, who had accompanied me and other students to finish my study. For the Head of Faculty of Teachers Training and Education of Sanata Dharma University, Drs. Tarsisius Sarkim, M.ED., Ph.D, I want to say my great thank for controlling me in my struggle to finish my study. For all of the lecturers in English Education Study Program, I want to say thanks for helping me in developing my knowledge and skill in English. I want to say thanks for my parents, Titus & Maria, and my brothers, Claus & Hedwig. The greatest love has been given to me. Without their advice and support, I cannot finish this thesis. For my lover, Iin, I want to say thanks a lot for supporting me. A lot of thanks I give for my best friends, Aldo, Tom, Mendra, Rinto, Cecik, Leri, Joden, Tejo, Devi, Jefry, Nanek, Yani, Cici, Layang, Lana, Lil Chrizt, Lale, El Jhozz, Rino, Ito, Kele, Moriz, Rigit, Cepot, Engkozz, Astry, Candra, and etc, who always being beside me all the time in my life. For all 04 crews in PBI USD, Gregg, Kucel, Yosan, Damar, Friska, Kadal, and etc, Thanks for being together in many struggles. Last but not least, thanks for all who have their own way to help and support me in finishing this thesis. Heribertus Martinus Moscati vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………. i APPROVAL PAGES ……………………………………………. ii STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY ………………… iv DEDICATION PAGE …………………………………………… v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ……………………………………... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………….. vii ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………… viii ABSTRAK ………………………………………………………… ix CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background of the Study ……………………………….. 1 B. Problem Formulation …………………………………... 5 C. Objectives of the Study ………………………………… 6 D. Benefits of the Study …………………………………… 6 E. Definition of Terms …………………………………….. 7 CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 9 A. Review of Related Studies …………………………….. 9 B. Review of Related Theories …………………………… 12 1. Theories of Family ………………………………… 12 a. Definition of Family …………………………… 12 b. Kind of Family ………………………………… 15 c. Family Functions ……………………………… 18 2. Theories of Conflict ……………………………….. 19 3. Theories of Setting ………………………………… 20 4. Theories of Society and Class ……………………... 21 5. Relation between Society, Culture, and History vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI with a Family in the Novel ………………………... 27 C. Theoretical Framework ………………………………. 30 CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY 31 A. Object of the Study …………………………………… 31 B. Approach of the Study ………………………………... 33 C. Method of the Study ………………………………….. 36 CHAPTER IV. ANALYSIS 39 A. Problems in Stephen Kumalo’s Family ……………….. 38 1. Racial Discrimination ……………………………... 40 2. Shame ……………………………………………… 53 3. Failure in Educating Family Members ……………. 55 B. Stephen Kumalo’s Struggles to Solve His Family Problems …………………………………... 60 1. Rebuilding Good Relationship between White and Black ………………………………….... 60 2. Facing the Feeling of Shame Directly ……………... 61 3. Reuniting and Rebuilding His Family ……………... 64 CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 70 A. Conclusions ……………………………………………. 70 B. Suggestions ……………………………………………. 75 1. Suggestions for Future Researchers ……………….. 75 2. Suggestions for English Teaching and Education ……………………………………… 76 REFERENCES 78 APPENDICES 82 Appendix 1 (SUMMARY OF THE STORY) ……………… 82 Appendix 2 (THE BIOGRAPHY OF ALAN PATON) ……. 84 Appendix 3 (THE WORKS OF ALAN PATON) …………. 86 Appendix 4 (THE PICTURE OF ALAN PATON) ………... 87 viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Appendix 5 (LESSON PLAN) …………………………….. 88 Appendix 6 (TEST) ……………………………………….. 89 ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT Moscati, Heribertus Martinus (2011). Stephen Kumalo’s Struggles to Solve His Family Problems in Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country. Yogyakarta: Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Department of Language and Arts Education, English Education Study Program, Sanata Dharma University. This thesis discusses family problems in Stephen Kumalo’s family. Alan Paton, as the author of the novel of Cry, the Beloved Country generally portrays social segregation between black and white people in South Africa that also influences Kumalo’s family life. In this thesis, there are two questions on problem formulation related to the topic of this thesis. First is about problems in Kumalo’s family. Second is about his struggles to solve those family problems. To achieve the objectives of the study, the writer applied library research to get data. There were two kinds of sources that were used in this thesis. The first was primary source. It was the novel of Cry, the Beloved Country itself. The second is secondary sources that were obtained from books that are related to the topic. Other secondary sources were from internet source. The sociocultural-historical was used to get understanding about Stephen Kumalo’s family background as black family. The information about social life, culture, and political situation in South Africa were important to reveal the life experience of all characters in the novel. Some information about family through some theories was also very essential to recognize. Those problems are racial discrimination, shame, and failure in educating family members, while Stephen Kumalo’s struggles to solve his family problems are rebuilding good relationship between white and black, facing the feeling of shame directly, and reuniting and rebuilding his family. In the last part, there are conclusions and suggestions. Conclusions contain a brief explanation of analysis section. Then there are two suggestions. The first suggestion is for the future researcher(s) on the Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country. The second suggestion is to implement Cry, the Beloved Country in teaching English and Education in general. ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK Moscati, Heribertus Martinus (2011). Stephen Kumalo’s Struggles to Solve His Family Problems in Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni, Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Skripsi ini menjelaskan tentang masalah keluarga dalam keluarga Stephen Kumalo. Penulis novel, Alan Paton menjelaskan pemisahan secara sosial antara orang kulit hitam dan putih di Afrika Selatan yang mempengaruhi kehidupan keluarga Kumalo. Dalam skripsi ini, ada dua pertanyaan yang akan dijawab berkaitan dengn topik. Pertama adalah pertanyaan tentang masalah-masalah dalam keluarga Kumalo. Kedua berkaitan dengan usaha-usaha Kumalo untuk menyelesaikan masalah- masalah keluarganya. Untuk mencapai tujuan skripsi ini, metode pustaka diterapkan untuk mengumpulkan data. Ada dua sumber data dalam skripsi ini. Sumber utama adalah novel yang berjudul Cry, the Beloved Country itu sendiri. Sumber kedua berasal dari buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan topik. Sumber-sumber lainnya diambil dari internet. Pendekatan sosial kebudayaan dan sejarah diterapkan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman tentang latar belakang keluarga Kumalo sebagai keluarga kulit hitam. Informasi tentang kehidupan sosial, budaya, dan situasi politik di Afrika Selatan penting untuk mengamati kehidupan setiap karakter dalam novel. Teori-teori tentang keluarga juga perlu diketahui. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat beberapa masalah dalam kekuarga Stephen Kumalo. Masalah-masalah