PHOTOVOLTAICS SILICON AND WAFER MANUFACTURERS Reshuffling of the market Japan. “In 2010, the region arrived at a market share of 11 %. That share will increase to 16 % by the end of 2011 and reach the 26 % mark by 2015.” Profit warning in Europe Meanwhile, the first solar companies in the wafer segment are reacting to the new trend. In particular, the manufacturers with production locations in Europe have been attracting attention with their an- nouncements. One example is the UK-based PV Crystalox Solar, a silicon and wafer manufacturer, which recently published a profit warning for the sec- ond half of 2011. PV Crystalox Solar warned that op- erative losses could occur as a result of the meagre supply situation in the second half of the year, which had been considerable lower than expected in May. On the level of the end consumer, the demand has In the wafer segment, the companies meanwhile greatly decreased, says the company. tend to pair the expansion of their When compared to the previous year, the installed PV capacities with an increased level of capacities in Germany alone have dropped by 50 % vertical integration. Photo: REC Group between March and May. Shortly after the profit warn- ing was published, the price for PV Crystalox Solar shares took a sharp tumble. Similar news arrived from Norway. Towards the end of the second quarter, The global PV market is finding a new balance. While the REC Group announced that it would curb its produc- tion on a temporary basis. According to REC’s Inves- traditional European core markets are faced with a tor Relations Analyst Peder Poulsson, the reason for tumbling demand, other parts of the world such as Asia the measure must be seen in the weak sales situation in Europe and the falling wafer and module prices. and the United States are taking out the benefit. The first “We are expecting that these measures will lower our wafer production by about 125 MW in the third quar- wafer manufacturers have already reacted. In the silicon ter”, says Poulsson. “This would equal about 30 % of manufacturing industry, the stage is once again set for our total production capacity in Norway. In the same period, our local solar cell and module production in growth. Norway will each be reduced by about 50 MW. The measure will affect about 300 jobs in the factory in urope will continue its leadership role on the Herøya and another 200 jobs in our location in Narvik world market. But we are expecting that the that will temporarily be put on short-time work.” The Emarket share of 80 % achieved in the last year silicon production in the United States along with the will drop to 68.6 % in the current year”, says wafer, solar cell and solar panel production main- Dr. ­Henning Wicht, principal analyst for PV systems at tained in Singapore will remain unaffected. IHS iSuppli. However, in the long term, the market structure is going to change. “By 2015, the United Growing activities in Asia States will have become the world’s largest single PV market and take the place of Germany, which will The fact that REC Group’s factories in Asia and the have to content itself with coming in second after United States are not affected by the production cut- years at the top.” This opinion is shared by the mar- back is not surprising. In these regions, the company ket analysts of Solarbuzz. President Craig Stevens be- is currently in the process of expanding its produc- lieves that the market shares of the Asian-Pacific re- tion capacities. One of the most active market partic- gion and the United States will increase rapidly in the ipants at the time is GCL-Poly, which recently an- next five years. “The United States arrived at a market nounced a joint venture with the vertically integrated share of 5 % in the last year. This share will grow to solar company Canadian Solar. In the first phase of 9 % by the end of 2011 and up to 14 % in 2015.” the cooperation, the two companies agreed to estab- According to Stevens, the development will be even lish a new wafer production in Suzhou, China. The more dynamic in the five leading PV countries of the factory will be adapted to Canadian Solar’s require- Asian Pacific region – in particular for China and ments and have an initial capacity of 600 MW. In a 102 Sun & Wind Energy 9/2011 PHOTOVOLTAICS SILICON AND WAFER MANUFACTURERS Germany / The Netherlands / Austria / France The Silicon Mine Wacker Chemie -/10,000/15,000 Activ Solar SolarWorld Wacker Chemie Elkem 660/-/- 30,500/32,000/37,000 500/1,000/1,000 REC 16,000/17,000/- Apollon Solar 800/-/- PV Crystalox Solar PLC 0/1,800/- Nitol Solar -/5,000/- Osaka Titanium REC REC Calisolar 50/150/- Technologies Hemlock Activ Solar/OJSC Semiconductor -/2,200/- Bécancour Semiconductor Silfab TBEA Xinjiang Sunoasis -/3,000/- Tokuyama 36,000/44,000/56,000 Silicon 3,600/-/- Estelux 4,000/-/- 8,200/9,200/- Hoku Scientific -/4,000/- OCI 27,000/42,000/62,000 JFE Steel AE Polysilicon MEMC Electronic Materials 12,000/15,000/- Hankook Silicon 3,500/-/- New Japan Buckeye Silicon -/1,500/- Hyundai Heavy Industries 3,000/3,300/6,000 Solar RSI Silicon -/500/1,000 KCC 6,000/-/- Silicon Innovation Silicon 150/450/1,200 660/1,500/- Mitsubishi Materials 1,500/1,500/- Woongjin Polysilicon -/5,000/- M.Setek 6,000/7,000/- Global PV Specialists Taiwan Polysilicon Corp Mitsubishi 1,000/-/- MBM Holdings -/-/2,500 Shanyang Technology 3,500/-/- Materials MutoSilicon 5,000/5,000/- 1,850/2,850/- Taiwan Polysilicon Corp 8,000/8,000/- Osaka Titanium Lanco Solar Energy 1,250/-/- Technologies 1,400/1,400/- Bhaskar Silicon 2,500/-/- Iacharya Silicon -/-/3,000 China Heihe Hesheng Silicon Industry 2,000/-/- Yingly Green Energy -/3,000/- Jiangsu Shunda Jinzhou New Century Quartz Glass World map of the PV industry Orisi Silicon Silicon production Jiaozuo Coal Group Hejing 1,800/-/- Tangshan Silicon Industry -/-/5,000 Juli New Energy -/-/12,000 85 manufacturers in 17 countries Inner Mongolia Guodian Fine Silicon Phoevix Silicon Ningxia Qingdao DTK Industries 2,500/2,500/- 6,000/-/- Solar Lu'an High-purity Silicon Publisher: Sun & Wind Energy China Silicon Corporation www.sunwindenergy.com Asia Silicon 4,000/-/- Nanyang Green Lin Zhou Zhongsheng Semiconductor Silicon 600/-/- Ningxia Yinxing Polychrystalline Silic. Layout: Eilers-Media Longi Silicon Materials 2,500/-/- www.eilers-media.de Ningxia Yinxing Huaxuan PV Technology 1,000/-/- Polycrystalline Niking Technology Silicon ReneSola 3,000/3,500/- DMEGC Solar Energy Date: August 2011 Shaanxi Thianhong Silicon Material 1,250/-/- Source: company data, own research -/-/6,000 Yaan Yongwang Silicon Industry 1,500/-/- Zhejiang Zhongning Silicon Caption Dawu Silicon Park production site for silicon 50 production capacity at the end of 2010 in tons LDK 11,000/25,000/- Sichuan Xinguang Leshan Ledian Tianwei 50 production capacity at the end of 2011 in tons Silicon-Tech Polysilicon 3,000/-/- 50 expected production capacity in 2012 in tons Emei Semiconductor Material Example Fuzhou Hokin Chemical Technology -/5,000/- Elkem 500/1,000/1,000 GCL-Poly Energy -/46,000/65,000 The Elkem production is situated in Norway and featured a silicon Kunming Yeyan New Material production capacity of 500 tons at the end of 2010 and of 1,000 tons at the end of 2011; the expected capacity at the end of 2012 is Jiangxi Tn Silicon Material 1,000 tons. Chongqing Daqo New Energy 10,000/15,300/- Sichuan Yongxiang Poly-Silicon 6,000/-/- Tianwei Sichuan Silicon 104 Sun & Wind Energy 9/2011 Germany / The Netherlands / Austria / France The Silicon Mine Wacker Chemie -/10,000/15,000 Activ Solar SolarWorld Wacker Chemie Elkem 660/-/- 30,500/32,000/37,000 500/1,000/1,000 REC 16,000/17,000/- Apollon Solar 800/-/- PV Crystalox Solar PLC 0/1,800/- Nitol Solar -/5,000/- Osaka Titanium REC REC Calisolar 50/150/- Technologies Hemlock Activ Solar/OJSC Semiconductor -/2,200/- Bécancour Semiconductor Silfab TBEA Xinjiang Sunoasis -/3,000/- Tokuyama 36,000/44,000/56,000 Silicon 3,600/-/- Estelux 4,000/-/- 8,200/9,200/- Hoku Scientific -/4,000/- OCI 27,000/42,000/62,000 JFE Steel AE Polysilicon MEMC Electronic Materials 12,000/15,000/- Hankook Silicon 3,500/-/- New Japan Buckeye Silicon -/1,500/- Hyundai Heavy Industries 3,000/3,300/6,000 Solar RSI Silicon -/500/1,000 KCC 6,000/-/- Silicon Innovation Silicon 150/450/1,200 660/1,500/- Mitsubishi Materials 1,500/1,500/- Woongjin Polysilicon -/5,000/- M.Setek 6,000/7,000/- Global PV Specialists Taiwan Polysilicon Corp Mitsubishi 1,000/-/- MBM Holdings -/-/2,500 Shanyang Technology 3,500/-/- Materials MutoSilicon 5,000/5,000/- 1,850/2,850/- Taiwan Polysilicon Corp 8,000/8,000/- Osaka Titanium Lanco Solar Energy 1,250/-/- Technologies 1,400/1,400/- Bhaskar Silicon 2,500/-/- Iacharya Silicon -/-/3,000 China Heihe Hesheng Silicon Industry 2,000/-/- Yingly Green Energy -/3,000/- Jiangsu Shunda Jinzhou New Century Quartz Glass World map of the PV industry Orisi Silicon Silicon production Jiaozuo Coal Group Hejing 1,800/-/- Tangshan Silicon Industry -/-/5,000 Juli New Energy -/-/12,000 85 manufacturers in 17 countries Inner Mongolia Guodian Fine Silicon Phoevix Silicon Ningxia Qingdao DTK Industries 2,500/2,500/- 6,000/-/- Solar Lu'an High-purity Silicon Publisher: Sun & Wind Energy China Silicon Corporation www.sunwindenergy.com Asia Silicon 4,000/-/- Nanyang Green Lin Zhou Zhongsheng Semiconductor Silicon 600/-/- Ningxia Yinxing Polychrystalline Silic.