STAGE 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT CLASS EA FOR BELL BOULEVARD WIDENING PROJECT PART OF LOTS 37 AND 38, CONCESSION 2 GEOGRAPHIC TOWNSHIP OF SIDNEY NOW CITY OF BELLEVILLE COUNTY OF HASTINGS STAGE 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT, CLASS EA FOR BELL BOULEVARD WIDENING PROJECT PART OF LOTS 37 AND 38, CONCESSION 2, GEOGRAPHIC TOWNSHIP OF SIDNEY NOW CITY OF BELLEVILLE, COUNTY OF HASTINGS Prepared for: Ray Ford Deputy Director / Manager of Engineering Engineering & Development Services City of Belleville 169 Front Street Belleville, Ontario K8N 2Y8 Phone: (613) 967-3200, ext. 3231 Email: [email protected] Re: Class Environmental Assessment Prepared by: Stephanie Cleland, M.A., P1201 Staff Archaeologist Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. 4534 Bolingbroke Road, R.R. #3 Maberly, Ontario K0H 2B0 Phone: (613) 267-7028 Email: [email protected] PRAS Project No.: PR18-59 Licensee: Peter Sattelberger, M.A., Licence P111 Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. P.I.F. No.: P111-0074-2018 Date: February 4th, 2019 Original Report Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Bell Boulevard Widening Project Class EA Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Mr. Ray Ford, Deputy Director/Manager of Engineering with the Engineering and Development Services Department at the City of Belleville, provided assistance with coordinating information and logistics for this project. PROJECT PERSONNEL Project Manager Jeff Earl, M.Soc.Sc. (P031) Licence Holder Peter Sattelberger, M.A. (P111) Historical Research Stephanie Cleland, M.A. (P1201) Property Inspection Peter Sattelberger GIS/Drafting Stephanie Cleland Report Writing Stephanie Cleland Report Review Jeff Earl ii Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Bell Boulevard Widening Project Class EA Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. (Past Recovery) was retained by the City of Belleville to undertake a Stage 1 archaeological assessment as part of a future Class EA to arrive at a preferred alternative for the widening of Bell Boulevard from Sidney Street westerly to approximately 500 metres west of Hanna Court. The study area, as defined by the City, was located in parts of Lots 37 and 38, Concession 2, in the geographic Township of Sidney now in the City of Belleville, County of Hastings (see Maps 1 to 3). The purpose of the Stage 1 investigation was to evaluate the archaeological potential of the study area and present recommendations for the mitigation of any significant known or potential archaeological resources. To this end, historical, environmental and archaeological research was conducted in order to make a determination of archaeological potential. A site visit was undertaken on November 27th, 2018. The results of the background research revealed that although several features indicative of archaeological potential are located within or in close proximity to the study area, disturbances resulting from recent construction and landscaping activities have removed the potential for significant archaeological resources to be found within the subject lands. Accordingly, it is recommended that: 1) No further archaeological assessment of the study area, as presently defined (see Map 3), is required prior to the initiation of construction activities associated with the proposed widening of Bell Boulevard. 2) In the event that future planning results in the identification of additional areas of impact beyond the limits of the present study area, further archaeological assessment may be required. It should be noted that impacts requiring consideration include all aspects of the proposed development causing soil disturbances or other alterations, and that even temporary property needs (i.e. access roads, staging/lay down areas, associated works etc.) should be screened. iii Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Bell Boulevard Widening Project Class EA Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. 3) Any future archaeological assessment should be undertaken by a licensed consultant archaeologist, in compliance with Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (MTCS 2011). The reader is also referred to Section 6.0 below to ensure compliance with the Ontario Heritage Act as it may relate to this project. iv Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Bell Boulevard Widening Project Class EA Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Acknowledgments ii Project Personnel ii Executive Summary iii List of Maps vii List of Images viii List of Tables viii 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Project Context 2 2.1 Development Context 2 2.2 Property Description 2 2.3 Access Permission 2 3.0 Historical Context 3 3.1 Regional Pre-Contact Cultural Overview 3 3.3 Property History 8 4.0 Archaeological Context 10 4.1 Previous Archaeological Research 10 4.2 Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites 10 4.3 Cultural Heritage Resources 12 4.4 Heritage Plaques and Monuments 12 4.5 Cemeteries 13 4.6 Mineral Resource Areas 13 4.7 Local Environment 14 5.0 Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment 16 5.1 Optional Property Inspection 16 5.2 Evaluation of Archaeological Potential 17 5.3 Analysis and Conclusions 18 5.4 Stage 1 Recommendations 19 6.0 Advice on Compliance with Legislation 21 7.0 Limitations and Closure 22 8.0 References 23 9.0 Maps 28 v Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Bell Boulevard Widening Project Class EA Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Page No. 10.0 Images 44 APPENDIX 1: Photographic Catalogue 50 APPENDIX 2: Glossary of Archaeological Terms 52 vi Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Bell Boulevard Widening Project Class EA Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. LIST OF MAPS Map No. Page No. 1 Segment of a recent topographic map showing the location of the study area. 28 2 Development plan 29 3 Ortho-rectified aerial photograph, 2018, showing the limits of the study area 30 4 Segment of the 1787 patent plan for Sidney Township showing the location of Lots 37 and 38, Concession 2 31 5 Segment of the 1862 plan of Thurlow Township showing the location of Lots 37 and 38, Concession 2 32 6 Segment of the 1878 Belden plan showing the location of Lots 37 and 38, Concession 2 33 7 Segment of a 1929 aerial photograph showing the approximate location of the study area 34 8 Segment of a 1933 topographic map showing the approximate location of the study area 35 9 Segment of a 1956 aerial photograph showing the approximate location of the study area 36 10 Segment of a 1977 aerial photograph showing the location of the study area 37 11 Segment of a 1994 aerial photograph showing the location of the study area 38 12 Segment of surficial geology mapping covering the study area 39 13 Segment of soils mapping covering the study area 40 14 Wetland mapping showing the study area in relation to unevaluated wetlands and the alignment of Potter Creek 41 15 Ortho-rectified aerial photograph, 2018, showing the locations and orientations of field photographs referenced in this report 42 16 Ortho-rectified aerial photograph, 2018, showing archaeological potential within the study area 43 vii Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Bell Boulevard Widening Project Class EA Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. LIST OF IMAGES Image No. Page No. 1 View of the eastern end of the study corridor showing the intersection of Bell Boulevard and Sidney Street, facing southwest 44 2 View of the south side of Bell Boulevard, across from the Belleville Bakery property at the eastern end of the study corridor, facing west 44 3 View of the north side of Bell Boulevard at the Belleville Bakery property at the eastern end of the study area, facing west 45 4 View of Bell Boulevard at the eastern end of the study area at the Belleville Bakery property from the north side of the road, facing east 45 5 View of Bell Boulevard from east of Hanna Court, facing west 46 6 View of Bell Boulevard from east of Hanna Court, facing east 46 7 View of Bell Boulevard from west of Hanna Court, facing east 47 8 View of the lands on the south side of Bell Boulevard adjacent to the Habitat for Humanity ReStore property showing areas of disturbance associated with road and infrastructure construction, utility lines and landscaping, facing west 47 9 View of the study corridor from the entrance to the TownePlace Suites Hotel on the north side of Bell Boulevard showing areas of disturbance associated with road and infrastructure construction and landscaping, facing northeast 48 10 View of the undeveloped lands at the western end of the study corridor on the north side of Bell Boulevard, to the west of the TownePlace Suites Hotel property, showing areas of disturbance associated with road and infrastructure construction, facing east 48 11 View of the undeveloped lands at the western end of the study corridor located to the west of the TownePlace Suites Hotel property showing areas of disturbance associated with road and infrastructure construction, facing east 49 12 View of the lands under construction at the western end of the study corridor on the south side of Bell Boulevard from the entrance to the TownePlace Suites Hotel, facing southeast 49 LIST OF TABLES Table No. Page No. 1 Inventory of the Stage 1 documentary record 17 viii Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Bell Boulevard Widening Project Class EA Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. (Past Recovery) was retained by the City of Belleville to undertake a Stage 1 archaeological assessment in association with a future Class EA to arrive at