WT/TPR/S/362 • Mali - 306 - ANNEX 5 – MALI WT/TPR/S/362 • Mali - 307 - CONTENTS 1 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................... 310 1.1 Main features ........................................................................................................... 310 1.2 Recent economic developments .................................................................................. 312 1.3 Trade performance ................................................................................................... 315 1.4 Foreign direct investment .......................................................................................... 317 2 TRADE AND INVESTMENT REGIMES......................................................................... 319 2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 319 2.2 Trade policy formulation and objectives ....................................................................... 319 2.3 Trade agreements and arrangements .......................................................................... 320 2.3.1 WTO .................................................................................................................... 320 2.3.2 Regional and preferential agreements ...................................................................... 323 2.4 Investment regime ................................................................................................... 323 3 TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE ...................................................... 327 3.1 Measures directly affecting imports ............................................................................. 327 3.1.1 Customs procedures, valuation and requirements ...................................................... 327 3.1.2 Rules of origin ....................................................................................................... 328 3.1.3 Customs levies ...................................................................................................... 328 3.1.3.1 Overview ........................................................................................................... 328 3.1.3.2 Bindings ............................................................................................................ 329 3.1.4 Internal taxes........................................................................................................ 329 3.1.5 Duty and tax concessions ....................................................................................... 330 3.1.6 Import prohibitions, restrictions and licensing ........................................................... 330 3.1.7 Anti-dumping, countervailing and safeguard measures ............................................... 332 3.1.8 Other measures ..................................................................................................... 332 3.2 Measures directly affecting exports ............................................................................. 332 3.2.1 Customs procedures and requirements ..................................................................... 332 3.2.2 Export taxes, duties and levies ................................................................................ 332 3.2.3 Export prohibitions, restrictions and licensing ............................................................ 332 3.2.4 Export support and promotion ................................................................................. 332 3.3 Measures affecting production and trade ..................................................................... 333 3.3.1 Incentives ............................................................................................................. 333 3.3.2 Standards, technical regulations and other requirements ............................................ 333 3.3.3 Sanitary and phytosanitary requirements .................................................................. 334 3.3.4 Competition policy and price controls ....................................................................... 335 3.3.5 State trading, State-owned enterprises and privatization ............................................ 336 3.3.6 Government procurement ....................................................................................... 337 3.3.7 Intellectual property rights ...................................................................................... 339 WT/TPR/S/362 • Mali - 308 - 4 TRADE POLICIES BY SECTOR ................................................................................... 342 4.1 Agriculture ............................................................................................................... 342 4.1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................. 342 4.1.2 Agricultural policy .................................................................................................. 342 4.1.3 Policy by subsector ................................................................................................ 343 4.1.3.1 Vegetable products ............................................................................................. 343 4.1.3.1.1 Cotton ............................................................................................................ 343 4.1.3.1.2 Cereals ........................................................................................................... 344 4.1.3.1.3 Mangoes ......................................................................................................... 345 4.1.3.2 Forestry and logging ........................................................................................... 345 4.1.3.3 Livestock farming ................................................................................................ 345 4.1.3.4 Fishing and aquaculture ....................................................................................... 346 4.2 Mining and energy .................................................................................................... 346 4.2.1 Mining products ..................................................................................................... 346 4.2.2 Hydrocarbons ........................................................................................................ 348 4.2.3 Electricity ............................................................................................................. 349 4.2.4 Water ................................................................................................................... 349 4.3 Manufacturing sector ................................................................................................ 350 4.4 Services .................................................................................................................. 350 4.4.1 Transport .............................................................................................................. 350 4.4.1.1 Road transport ................................................................................................... 351 4.4.1.2 Rail transport ..................................................................................................... 351 4.4.1.3 River transport ................................................................................................... 351 4.4.1.4 Air transport ....................................................................................................... 352 4.4.1.5 Port services ...................................................................................................... 352 4.4.2 Posts and telecommunications ................................................................................. 352 4.4.2.1 Telecommunications ............................................................................................ 353 4.4.2.2 Postal services .................................................................................................... 354 4.4.3 Tourism ................................................................................................................ 354 4.4.4 Financial services ................................................................................................... 355 4.4.4.1 Banking and microfinance services ........................................................................ 355 4.4.4.2 Insurance .......................................................................................................... 355 5 APPENDIX TABLES .................................................................................................. 357 CHARTS Chart 1.1 Structure merchandise trade by HS section and chapter, 2010 and 2016 .................. 316 Chart 1.2 Direction of merchandise trade, 2010 and 2016 ..................................................... 317 WT/TPR/S/362 • Mali - 309 - TABLES Table 1.1 Main macroeconomic indicators, 2009-2016 .......................................................... 310 Table 1.2 Balance of payments, 2009-2016 ......................................................................... 314 Table 1.3 Foreign direct investment, 2009-2016 .................................................................. 318 Table 2.1 Texts of domestic trade- and investment-related laws and regulations ...................... 319 Table 2.2 Notifications by Mali to the WTO, 2010-2016 ........................................................