15.05.2018 Achieving an Annual Wind Penetration of 20% on an Islanded Distribution Network 3rd International Hybrid Power Systems Workshop, May 2018 Konstantinos Pierros, ENERCON Nathan Coote, SSEN Highlights • Shetland is the largest islanded power system in the UK • The innovative project “Northern Isles New Energy Solutions” (NINES) by SSEN trialled Active Network Management, energy storage, domestic demand side management and flexible generation contracts • Type IV Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs) offer an additional degree of flexibility to the power system • The legacy of NINES has trebled the total renewable generation capacity to over 12MW, which accounts for a total wind penetration of 20% in 2017-18 Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 2 1 15.05.2018 Shetland: Background Information • Largest islanded power system in the UK • Shetland’s power system supplies a population of 23,000 • SSEN is the System Operator • Maximum / Minimum demand: ca 45/12 MW • Average wind capacity factor: 52% Modelling and Analysis Results • No more firmly-connected large wind generation could be connected • BAU connections for renewables limited to 3.68kW/phase Source: Wikipedia Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 3 NINES Overview • Led by SSEN • £34m funding from Ofgem, DECC and Hjaltland Housing Association • Duration: November 2011 – December 2016 Objectives • Reduce reliance on fossil fuel consumption • Evaluate how an isolated system could be securely operated with a high penetration of renewable generation Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 4 2 15.05.2018 NINES Smart Grid Elements Active Network Management Battery Energy Storage System Demand Control Thermal Storage Flexible Connections Non-Synchronous Renewable Generation Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 5 NINES Active Network Management Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 6 3 15.05.2018 NINES Active Network Management Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 7 NINES Battery Energy Storage System • Valve Regulated Lead Acid modules • Rated power: 1MW • Energy rating: 3MWh • Aimed at: load shifting alleviating renewable constraints Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 8 4 15.05.2018 NINES Flexible Connections • Output of new generation might be curtailed • No financial compensation • No guaranteed level of grid access • Curtailment assessment as part of the Connection Offer • “Last in, first out” principle of access • Total accepted capacity of 8.55MW Source: Sellleadsuceed.com Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 9 NINES Renewable Generation PreWith NINES NINES 14 12 10 Flexible Generation 8 Capacity 6 4 Firm Generation Capacity 2 0 Renewable Generation [MW] Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 10 5 15.05.2018 NINES Non Synchronous Renewable Generation • North Hoo WPP: 1 x ENERCON E-44 0.5MW / 0.63MVAr • Gremista WPP: 1 x ENERCON E-82 E4 3MW / 2.3MVAr • Garth WPP: 5 x ENERCON E-44 0.9MW / 0.63MVAr Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 11 NINES Type IV Wind Turbine Generators Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 12 6 15.05.2018 NINES WPP Control Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 13 NINES – Results Active Power Response 1.00 0.90 0.80 Measured Power [pu] 0.70 Setpoint [pu] 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 09:45 10:00 10:15 10:30 10:45 Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 14 7 15.05.2018 NINES – Results Active Power Response Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 15 NINES – Results Management of High Wind Speed Events Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 16 8 15.05.2018 NINES – Results Performance of The Battery Energy Storage System 1 0,8 0,6 Power [MW] 0,4 0,2 0 -0,2 -0,4 -0,6 -0,8 -1 38 36 Demand + Battery [MW] 34 Demand [MW] 32 30 28 26 24 22 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 17 NINES – Results Wind Penetration Generation Breakdown Renewables [GWh] 100% 40 90% 35 80% 30 70% 60% 25 50% Renewables 20 Flexible 40% SVT 15 Firm 30% LPS 10 20% 10% 5 0% 0 Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 18 9 15.05.2018 Conclusions – Outlook • Shetland offers an excellent case-study for the conditions likely to be encountered in more complex systems • NINES trialled for the first time in the UK a smart grid including an ANM capable of controlling generation and demand sources, as well as a battery energy storage system • Type IV WPPs are well suited to contribute to the stable operation of non-interconnected systems • HVDC interconnector to mainland considered • Major upgrade to the ANM expected to be completed in Q2 2018 Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 19 Turn barriers into climbing walls Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 20 10 15.05.2018 Northern Isles New Energy Solutions (NINES) Demand Control and Thermal Storage • 234 next generation storage heaters / hot water cylinders • 4MW electrical boiler linked to a thermal store capable of storing around 135MWh of hot water Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 21 Shetland: Prior to 2014… Three Main Generation Sources • Lerwick Power Station: 67MWe oil-fired plant • Sullom Voe Terminal: gas power station, 5-15MW can be exported during normal operation • Burradale Wind Power Plant: 3.68MW type II WPP Modelling and Analysis Results • No more firmly-connected large wind generation could be connected • BAU connections for renewables limited to 3.68kW/phase Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 22 11 15.05.2018 NINES – Results Resilience to Faults – Before 150 4.00 140 3.50 130 3.00 120 2.50 11kV - 700011 110 GEN1 2.00 100 GEN2 Demand [A] Demand 1.50 90 [MW] Generation 1.00 80 70 0.50 60 0.00 08:45 09:00 09:15 09:30 09:45 Blue: Demand of the feeder Red and Green: Generation of the WPPs Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 23 NINES – Results Resilience to Faults – After 698 011 GEN1 GEN2 GEN3 40 0.60 35 0.50 30 0.40 25 20 0.30 Demand [A] Demand 15 [MW] Generation 0.20 10 0.10 5 0 0.00 14:00 14:15 14:30 14:45 15:00 15:15 15:30 15:45 16:00 Blue: Demand of the feeder Red, Orange and Green: Generation of the WPPs Konstantinos Pierros © Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 24 12 15.05.2018 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION ENERCON GmbH Dreekamp 5 | D-26605 Aurich Telephone: +49 4941 927-0 | Fax: +49 4941 927-109 25 LEGAL NOTICE Publisher ENERCON GmbH ▪ Dreekamp 5 ▪ 26605 Aurich ▪ Germany Telephone: +49 4941 927-0 ▪ Fax: +49 4941 927-109 ▪ e-mail: [email protected] ▪ Internet: http://www.enercon.de Managing Directors: Hans-Dieter Kettwig, Simon-Hermann Wobben Court of jurisdiction: Aurich ▪ Commercial register number: HRB 411 ▪ VAT ID No.: DE 181 977 360 Copyright notice The contents of this document are protected by the German copyright law and international treaties. All copyrights concerning the content of this document are held by ENERCON GmbH, unless another copyright holder is expressly indicated or identified. Any content made available does not grant the user any industrial property rights, rights of use or any other rights. The user is not allowed to register any intellectual property rights or rights for parts thereof. 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Reservation of right ENERCON GmbH reserves the right to change, improve and expand this document and the subject matter described herein at any time of modification without prior notice, unless contractual agreements or legal requirements provide otherwise. Document details Document ID 2017-11-22 ppt-template_DinA4_en Note This is a translation of 2017-03-17 ppt-template_DinA4_de Date Language DCC Plant/Department 2017-11-22 en Marketing Revisions Rev. Date Change 0 yyyy-mm-dd Document created 26 13.