To cite this document: Maleki, S. (2018). Spatial Analysis and Prioritization of the Intra-Regional Housing Gap Using the Techniques of Planning (A Study on the Cities of Ilam Province). Urban Economics and Management, 6(2(22)), 223-239. www.iueam.ir Indexed in: ISC, EconLit, Econbiz, SID, EZB, GateWay-Bayern, RICeST, Magiran, Civilica, Google Scholar, Noormags, Ensani ISSN: 2345-2870 Spatial Analysis and Prioritization of the Intra-Regional Housing Gap Using the Techniques of Planning (A Study on the Cities of Ilam Province) Saeid Maleki* Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Received: 2017/10/31 Accepted: 2018/02/19 Abstract: Housing has always been the most important thing is human life. Having a safe, secure and comfortable shelter is one of the long-term desires of every human being, but this need is also related to other human needs. On the other hand, today this reality is added to other realities that every phenomenon at any moment is a manifestation of the constant analysis and combination of variables that have regular, continuous, and multiplicative correlations; therefore, in investigating the phenomenon of housing, what is important is the relation and influence of its various aspects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regional indexes affecting housing in Ilam province using TOPSIS technique. The research method is descriptive-analytical and development-applied, and GIS, GRAFER and EXCEL software have been used. The results of the study showed that the density index in the residential unit in the Ilam province between 1996 and 2006, except in 1997 and 1998, has slightly increased, the trend has improved since 1999and has approached the ideal . The average number of households in the residential unit showed that the construction of residential units in the province had been increasing but could not fully compensate for housing shortages. In contrast, the average household in the residential unit in the province had an upward trend. Finally, the TOPSIS model showed that CL was the highest and lowest in the following areas Ilam (0.99), Dehloran (0.13), Ivan (0.09), Mehran (0.08), Abdanan (0.05), Darreshahr (0.04) and Shirvan (0.00). Keywords: Spatial Analysis, Intra-Regional Gap, Housing Inequality, Ilam Province. JEL Classification: R21, R31, R34, N95 Downloaded from iueam.ir at 13:39 +0330 on Saturday October 2nd 2021 [ DOI: 10.29252/iueam.6.22.77 ] * Corresponding author: [email protected] 222____________________________________________________ Urban Economics and Management 1- Introduction sector, moreover, the recession and The occurrence of spatial inequality periodic prosperity of this sector on other in the world regions, especially in economic activities is influential. developing countries, has created a wide In 2009, there were about 1.6 million range of heterogeneous living conditions independent households without housing (Vlahov et al., 2005). Since development and 1.5 million households without in different times and places is not the housing and with minimal facilities. same in developing countries, so regional However, given the age pyramid of the inequalities in any scale are abundant in country’s population and reaching the these countries, and in the context of peak of the young population of the various socio-economic indicators, special country to the age of employment and areas in these countries, have a more marriage, and hence the need for housing, privileged position than other places it is necessary to build 700,000 residential (Heydarichiyaneh et al., 2015). Among units annually, which according to forecasts the regional planning criteria for identifying will reach 1040 thousand people by 2017, inequalities is the determination of the in the country; therefore, it is imperative status of the regions according to the to have a planning system to coordinate development index. This feature is more between the housing sector and other prominent among the developing countries sectors and between housing components than the developed world. On the other (land, transport system etc.) with hand, historically, the urbanization process infrastructure, public facilities, social among these countries is considered services, transportation system, since the unusual, so that it has affected all issues nearest and the most familiar phenomenon of developing countries today. Our for human being is a space where he country has not been an exception to this, lives, is in touch at different moments, and in both cases, it has been experiencing and many psychological and social rapid and unplanned growth, especially in characteristics of man are manifested in recent decades, which has created certain his life. Housing, in addition to physical problems in turn (Shafaghi et al., 2004). location, also includes the entire residential One of the problems caused by the rapid environment, which includes all the growth of the population, which is a essential services and facilities necessary dilemma for housing for all segments of for a better living of the family and Downloaded from iueam.ir at 13:39 +0330 on Saturday October 2nd 2021 [ DOI: 10.29252/iueam.6.22.77 ] society, especially young people is employment plans, education and hygiene housing issue. Housing is important in of individuals (Boshagh et al., 2014). many aspects of human life. Economically, In developing countries, lack of housing is considered as an asset and adequate resources, lack of economic capital. Socially, housing provides a management, lack of comprehensive favorable situation for the family in order housing planning and other failures in the to realize their activities (Salleh, 2008) it economic infrastructure of these countries, also makes the family more stable. The and the increase in urban population, on housing sector has a special place in the the other hand, have provided shelter in economy due to its differentiation with these countries in a dense and multifaceted other human needs, because economic manner (Poormohammadi, 2006). Hence, changes can have a great impact on this housing has different dimensions and Spatial Analysis and Prioritization of the Intra-Regional Housing … ______________________ 225 cannot be considered one dimensional, 2- Literature Review because on the one hand, housing is a a) Foreign Researches physical location and as a shelter it is a Gallent and Robinson (2011) did a basic requirement and the basis of the research to investigate local views about household, and on the other hand, it is housing costs and its consequences for regarded as one of the necessities of local plan in England. The results indicated development of a residential area and as that there was a very high perception of essential facility (Schwartz, 2014). pricing and development needs in the The issue of housing in Iran, as in region under study. In addition, rural most of the world’s societies, is especially residents were most dissatisfied with the in societies where urbanization has grown official views on rural housing. over the past two decades, is of great Asfour (2012) did a research entitled importance. The problem of housing in “Towards an effective strategy to cope Iran can be felt by the rapid increase in with housing land scarcity in the Gaza the price of residential units and their Strip as a sustainable development rent, especially at the city level, but as priority” aiming to highlight the role of various economic and political factors increasing the density of housing in order increase the prices of residential units, to face the problem of housing shortage, rising prices or renting the cost of residential to investigate the problem of housing units alone does not reflect the housing shortages in the Gaza Strip due to the problem in Iran. With socioeconomic growing population in the area. The developments in the last few decades in results indicate that basically, there is a Ilam Province, the need for attention to need to provide solutions to balance the housing and its planning in the form of dense housing patterns and urban urban and regional planning are felt more environment. than ever. This research seeks to investigate Zufferey & Chung (2015) investigated the quantitative and qualitative indexes of housing development, home and homelessness housing in order to achieve the regional in remote areas of Australia. The findings gap of housing and in general the existing of this study determine the urban hypotheses housing situation and its comparison with of the field of policy on homelessness and the indicators of urban areas of the province, emphasize current constraints for indigenous as well as to identify the existing capabilities and service providers in remote areas. The results of the study showed that the top- Downloaded from iueam.ir at 13:39 +0330 on Saturday October 2nd 2021 [ DOI: 10.29252/iueam.6.22.77 ] inside Provincial Governorate to provide appropriate solutions in the framework of down budget and decisions have taken the criteria and standards for the purpose place without community-based consultation of housing programs, which has raised the and limited participation, and limit the following questions: response to local housing services. 1. How is the distribution of housing In a research entitled “Social housing in Ilam province? estates and sustainable community 2. How is the zoning of the housing development in South Korea,” housing gap in Ilam province possible? features and problems were explained and sustainable development issues were investigated in South Korea. The results of the study showed that it is not 222____________________________________________________ Urban Economics and Management necessary to provide a specific solution Seydayi et al., (2012) investigated and government, private sector and civil housing situation of rural areas in Isfahan society should work together in partnership Province cities and zoned its rural areas. with each other to provide a comprehensive The results indicate that the selected housing program (Ha, 2008). indices were reduced to five factors by b( Iranian Researches factor analysis method.