HISTORICAL REVIEW Madrid in 18J,8 See Page 317 SI The State Historical Society of Missouri COLUMBIA, MISSOURI THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI The State Historical Society of Missouri, heretofore organized under the laws of this State, shall be the trustee of this State.—Laws of Missouri, 1899, R. S. of Mo., 1949, Chapter 183. OFFICERS 1953-1956 L. M. WHITE, Mexico, President GEORGE ROBB ELLISON, Maryville, First Vice-President RUSH H. LIMBAUGH, Cape Girardeau, Second Vice-President HENRY A. BUNDSCHU, Independence, Third Vice-President BARTLETT BODER, St. Joseph, Fourth Vice-President RAY V. DENSLOW, Trenton, Fifth Vice-President W. C. HEWITT, Shelbyville, Sixth Vice-President R. B. PRICE, Columbia, Treasurer FLOYD C. SHOEMAKER, Columbia, Secretary and Librarian TRUSTEES Permanent Trustees, Former Presidents of the Society ALLEN MCREYNOLDS, Carthage E. E. SWAIN, Kirksville GEORGE A. ROZIER, Jefferson City G. L. ZWICK, St. Joseph WILLIAM SOUTHERN, JR., Independence Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1955 CHESTER A. BRADLEY, Kansas City GEORGE H. SCRUTON, Sedalia GEORGE ROBB ELLISON, Maryville JAMES TODD, Moberly ALFRED O. FUERBRINGER, St. Louis T. BALLARD WATTERS, Marshfield FRANK L. MOTT, Columbia L. M. WHITE, Mexico Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1956 F. C. BARNHILL, Marshall RALPH P. JOHNSON, Osceola FRANK P. BRIGGS, Macon E. LANSING RAY, St. Louis W. C. HEWITT, Shelbyville ALBERT L. REEVES, Kansas City STEPHEN B. HUNTER, Cape Girardeau ROY D. WILLIAMS, Boonville Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1957 RALPH P. BIEBER, St. Louis L. E. MEADOR, Springfield ARTHUR V. BURROWES, St. Joseph JOSEPH H. MOORE, Charleston WM. P. ELMER, Salem ISRAEL A. SMITH, Independence LAURENCE J. KENNY, S. J., St. Louis HENRY C. THOMPSON, Bonne Terre EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE The twenty-nine Trustees, the President and the Secretary of the Society, the Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and President of the University of Missouri constitute the Executive Committee. Missouri Historical Review Floyd C. Shoemaker, Editor Volume XLIX July 1955 Number Four The Missouri Historical Review is published quarterly at 201 Madison Street, Jefferson City, Missouri. Communications pertaining to the publication should be addressed to 201 Madison Street, Jefferson City, Missouri, or to Floyd C. Shoemaker, The State Historical Society of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. The Review is sent free to all members of the State Historical Society of Missouri. Membership dues in the Society are $1.00 a year, or $20 for a life membership. The Society assumes no responsibility for statements made by contributors to the magazine. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office at Jefferson City, Missouri, under the act of August 24, 1912. MORE COMMENTS ON THE SOCIETY AND THE REVIEW Again I congratulate you upon the magnificent job you are doing for the State of Missouri at a time when so little consideration is given to local history in our country which owes so much to those who occupied the soil to the west of the eastern sea­ board.—BRIG. GEN. PAUL M. ROBINETT, Washington, D. C. The Missouri Historical Review is always good—the beauty and excellence of the current number so far exceeds all anticipation that our debt of gratitude is beyond expression. Every page is a work of art and credit to make-up skill.—BELLE S. MOONEY, Kansas City. In my opinion the January Review is the finest, most attractive, and richest in valuable historical lore of any number yet published.—RALPH E. BUTCHER, University City. I do not know where so much can be secured for $1.00 for membership in the State Historical Society and the valuable information in the Historical Review.— w. F. SANDERS, Parkville. The fine and selected reading in the Missouri Historical Review affords good entertainment and gives valuable information.—MRS. A. LEE SMISER, Warrensburg. While I was working on my Master's thesis I developed a great respect for the Society and learned to appreciate the value of the Review.—-MARY HELEN BARRETT, St. Louis. I want you to know how much I enjoy reading the Missouri Historical Review. I read it from cover to cover.—J. H. WHITTON, Santa Monica, Calif. Herewith my renewal for the next year. I am very pleased with the publication of the Society and proud to see it rank high in its field.—J. L. CONNELLY, Ironton. I am much interested in the Society, and the magazine is tops in early history.— BERTHA FLOYD STEPHENS, BolckOW. Just received the last issue of the Review and am reading it from cover to cover with great interest and pleasure.—LOUIS A. SMITH, Edwardsville, 111. The Review gets better and better with every number, and I do not want to miss one.—CLARAH FRANCES BROWN, Marshall. I enjoy reading the Review very much and look forward to its coming.—JEANETTE WELLS. Jefferson City. You certainly have done an excellent job in editing the Missouri Historical Review and, as a former Missourian, I am still proud to be a member of the Society.—LORIN W. ROBERTS, Decatur, Ga. I will be proud to become a member of our distinguished State Historical Society.—• WILLIAM F. MCMLTRRY, St. Charles. As a transplanted Missourian I have found the Missouri Historical Review highly interesting and informative.—ANTHONY C. RICCIO, Kansas City. It's a real pleasure to send you this dollar. I like your magazine and your work.—• JOHN R. THOMAS, St. LouiS. May I add my name to the list of those who have congratulated you on the com­ petence, value, and interest of the Historical Review ? The combination of scholarship and genuine pertinence is all too rare in such publications.—FRANK L. PETERS, Spring­ field. In the January issue of the Review I read with special interest your essay entitled "Missouri's Tennessee Heritage." Years ago I had the privilege of working as pastor and teacher in the Great Smoky Mountains area of Tennessee, and your excellent presentation struck many responsive chords.—WILLIAM F. ARNDT, St. Louis. Contents Page NEW MADRID, MOTHER OF SOUTHEAST MISSOURI. By Floyd C. Shoemaker.. 317 THE SMALL TOWN IN MISSOURI TWENTIETH CENTURY FICTION. Part II. By Eutopia 0. Bailey 328 MISSOURI'S NEW PROGRAM FOR HIGHWAY HISTORIC MARKING. Part III. By Floyd C. Shoemaker. Inscriptions compiled by Ruby M. Robins. 342 THE LEONARD-BERRY DUEL OF 1824. By Frederic A. Culmer 357 "THIS WEEK IN MISSOURI HISTORY." By Floyd C. Shoemaker 360 HISTORICAL NOTES AND COMMENTS 368 A Personal Message from the Secretary 368 Members Active in Increasing the Society's Membership 369 New Members of the Historical Society 371 Society's Secretary Honored by Senate Resolution 374 Back Numbers of the Review Wanted 375 Society Acquires Valuable Map Collection 375 Drawing of First State Capitol in Jefferson City 376 Re-Enactment of Battle of Lexington 377 Jefferson City Chamber of Commerce Makes History Live 379 Highlights of 1855 379 Errata 380 Activities of Local Historical Societies 381 Anniversaries 386 Notes 387 Historical Publications 398 Obituaries 405 MISSOURI HISTORY NOT FOUND IN TEXTBOOKS 410 EDWARD EVERETT SWAIN Verso Back Cover DUSTAN COVERING THE RETREAT OF HIS SEVEN CHILDREN Back Cover Illustrations Page NEW MADRID IN 1848. Cover design from Henry Lewis Drawing in Das Illustrirte Mississippithal Cover HANDBILL ADVERTISING NEW MADRID EXPEDITION. From George Morgan by Max Savelle 318 iii Illustrations—Continued PLAN OF FORT OF NEW MADRID. From A Journey in North America by Victor Collot 319 REELFOOT LAKE AND SUBMERGED TIMBER. From The New Madrid Earth­ quake by Myron L. Fuller 325 POPE'S ARMY LEAVING NEW MADRID TO ATTACK ISLAND NO. 10. From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, April 26, 1862 327 "FREEDOM OF WORSHIP" BY NORMAN ROCKWELL. Reprinted by special permission of the Saturday Evening Post. Copyright 1943 by the Curtis Publishing Co. 329 LEBANON CHRISTIAN CHURCH, SETTING FOR THE CALLING OF DAN MATTHEWS 330 HOMECOMING—MAIN STREET, U.S.A. From Centennial History of Grundy County, Missouri, 1839-1939 by William Ray Denslow 333 VOLUNTEER FIRE DEPARTMENT IN REVIEW 334 THE "FASCINATING CONGRESS" OF THE MIDWAY. Wood engraving from the Society's Fred Geary collection 335 HOME OF MISSOURI'S "REBEL LEGISLATURE" AT NEOSHO. From the Columbia Herald, January 26, 1890 343 GEORGE MORGAN, FOUNDER OF THE FIRST AMERICAN TOWN IN MISSOURI ... 344 FEDERAL MILITARY ENCAMPMENT AT ROLLA. From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, February 1, 1862 346 WHERE THE "BIG MUDDY" MEETS THE "FATHER OF THE WATERS" 348 PONY EXPRESS STATUE IN ST. JOSEPH 349 CEREMONY OF TERRITORIAL TRANSFER AT ST. LOUIS. From Stories of Mis­ souri by John R. Musick 350 CAPITOL MURAL BY O. E. BERNINGHAUS OF STE. GENEVIEVE, SETTLED IN 1735 352 FALL OF GENERAL LYON AT BATTLE OF WILSON'S CREEK 353 OLD GRAND RIVER COLLEGE BUILDING AT EDINBURG. From Centennial History of Grundy County, Missouri, 1839-1939 by William Ray Denslow. 355 THIS WEEK IN MISSOURI HISTORY 360 "SILVER DICK," MISSOURI'S CONGRESSMAN FOR THIRTEEN TERMS. From Missouri, the Center State, 1821-1915, II, by Walter B. Stevens 361 HIS CAMPAIGN RIBBON FOR THE DEMOCRATIC NOMINATION IN 1896. From AN AMERICAN COMMONER by William Vincent Byars 362 GERMAN-BORN REFORMER SHAPED MISSOURI POLITICS AND JOURNALISM. From St. Louis: The Future Great City by L. U. Reavis 363 HIS MUSIC ENTERTAINED PRESIDENT HAYES' FAMILY. From German- American Review, August, 1952 364 THIS WARREN COUNTY HILL IS WHERE HE DID MUCH OF HIS WRITING. ... 366 TITLE PAGE OF HIS REPORT 367 FIRST CAPITOL IN JEFFERSON CITY DRAWN BY MARCEL BOULICOULT 376 WENTWORTH MILITARY ACADEMY CELEBRATES 75TH ANNIVERSARY 377 ORIGINAL BATTLE OF LEXINGTON WITH ANDERSON HOUSE AT LEFT. From Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, Oct. 12, 1861 378 CAPITOL LUNETTE UTILIZED BY JEFFERSON CITY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. 378 "TENACIOUS LITTLE CHICKASAW" (UPPER LEFT) HAMMERING AT THE TENNESSEE IN THE BATTLE OF MOBILE BAY 416 EDWARD EVERETT SWAIN Verso Back Cover DUSTAN COVERING THE RETREAT OF HIS SEVEN CHILDREN Back Cover NEW MADRID, MOTHER OF SOUTHEAST MISSOURI BY FLOYD C SHOEMAKER* The highway historical marker at New Madrid mentions a few of the highlights of the history of the first American settlement in Missouri.