2021 WESTERN SOUTH DAKOTA HYDROLOGY CONFERENCE Program and Abstracts April 21–22, 2021 Virtual conference 2021 Western South Dakota Hydrology Conference This program and abstracts book has been produced in conjunction with the virtual 2021 Western South Dakota Hydrology Conference (19th annual). This document provides summaries of the presentations made during the conference, and gives attendees contact information for the presenters for additional questions or collaboration following the conference. The purpose of the Western South Dakota Hydrology Conference is to bring together researchers from Federal, State, University, local government, and private organizations and provide a forum to discuss topics dealing with water, energy, and environmental issues in western South Dakota and the entire upper Great Plains region. This meeting provides an opportunity for hydrologists, geologists, engineers, scientists, geographers, students, and other interested individuals to exchange ideas, discuss mutual problems, and summarize results of studies. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many people have contributed to this meeting. The presenters are thanked for their contributions and moderators are thanked for their help in streamlining the presentations. The organizing agencies are thanked for support: National Weather Service, RESPEC, South Dakota Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, U.S. Geological Survey, and West Dakota Water Development District. The chairpersons for this meeting were Melissa Smith (National Weather Service), Lacy Pomarleau (RESPEC), Joanne Noyes (South Dakota Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources), Scott Kenner (South Dakota School of Mines and Technology), Liangping Li (South Dakota School of Mines and Technology), J. Foster Sawyer (South Dakota School of Mines and Technology), Arden Davis (South Dakota School of Mines and Technology), Galen Hoogestraat (U.S. Geological Survey), Dan Driscoll (West Dakota Water Development District), and Mark Anderson (U.S. Geological Survey / South Dakota School of Mines and Technology). The West Dakota Water Development District and RESPEC are thanked for being executive sponsors of this conference. Thanks also to sponsors: Citizens' Climate Education, Banner Associates Inc., Black Hills Clean Water Alliance, HDR Engineering Inc., and LRE Water. 2 Promoting sustainability through innovative solutions Featuring world-class scientific and academic leadership, RESPEC is the premier provider of water, environmental, and natural resources engineering and technology in North America. We help clients adapt to the dynamically changing present and prepare for water demands of the future. 2021 WESTERN SOUTH DAKOTA HYDROLOGY CONFERENCE PROGRAM Session 1 – 8:00 – 10:00 AM, Wednesday 4/21/2021 Galen Hoogestraat and Mark Anderson, 8:00 – 8:10 AM Welcome and announcements USGS Brian Walsh, Public Affairs Director, SD 8:10 – 8:30 AM SD Department of Agriculture / DENR Merger Update DANR Overview of West Dakota Water Development District stormwater Dan Driscoll, West Dakota Water 8:30 – 8:50 AM inventory and erosion control projects Development District Pilot Project for an Inventory of Impervious Areas and Green Spaces 8:50 – 9:10 AM Jason Phillips, SDSMT and TerraSite Design that may have Potential for Future Stormwater Mitigation Measures Hydrogeology and Dewatering Scenarios for Summerset, South 9:10 – 9:30 AM Bill Eldridge and Todd Anderson, USGS Dakota Improving the City of Spearfish’s FEMA Floodplain Mapping with 2D 9:30 – 9:50 AM Amber Lefers, AE2S Hydraulic Modeling 9:50 – 10:00 AM BREAK – Sponsor recognition Session 2 – 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM, Wednesday 4/21/2021 Jon Zufelt and Dennis Reep, HDR 10:00 – 10:30 AM Ice-affected flow analyses in the Lower Heart River Levee System Engineering Water-Quality Assessment of the Heart River Basin, North Dakota, 10:30 – 10:50 AM Wyatt Tatge, USGS 1970-2019 The LaPrele Dam Project, Douglas, WY: Project History, Investigation Peter Rausch, RESPEC, and Cory Foreman, 10:50 – 11:20 AM and Design Options HDR Engineering An update of surface and subsurface geological mapping, Mike Wiles, Erin Dundas, and Sierra Heimel 11:20 – 11:40 AM potentiometric map, and flow directions in the Madison aquifer Jewel Cave National Monument at Jewel Cave National Monument Modeling transport and retention of graphene oxide in biochar media Md Sazadul Hasan, Venkataramana 11:40 – 12:00 PM under subsurface aquatic environment Gadhamshetty, and Mengistu Geza, SDSMT 4 Session 3 – 8:00 – 10:00 AM, Thursday 4/22/2021 8:00 – 8:05 AM Welcome and announcements Lacy Pomarleau, RESPEC Tim Cowman Impacts of Sedimentation on Missouri River Reservoirs and Free- 8:05 – 8:30 AM South Dakota DANR; Geological Survey Flowing Segments Program Analysis of Potential Alternative Operations for Pactola and Deerfield David Waterman and Rosemary Squillace, 8:30 – 8:50 AM Reservoirs SDSMT Hydraulic Analysis of Fish Habitat Restoration of Rapid Creek Anne Winckel, SDSMT and RESPEC, and 8:50 – 9:10 AM Downstream of Pactola Reservoir Scott Kenner, SDSMT Examining the Influence of Climate Change on Stream Yield in the Lucas Graunke, Lisa Kunza, William 9:10 – 9:30 AM Black Hills of South Dakota Capehart, and Mengistu Nisrani, SDSMT Characterization of Factors Affecting Groundwater Levels in and near 9:30 – 9:50 AM the Rosebud Indian Reservation and the Former Lake Traverse Indian Kristen Valseth, USGS Reservation, 1956-2017 9:50 – 10:00 AM BREAK – Sponsor recognition Session 4 – 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM, Thursday 4/22/2021 Mesonet Monitoring of Soil Moisture and Snowpack Monitoring in the Nathan Edwards, South Dakota State 10:00 – 10:20 AM Upper Missouri River Basin University – South Dakota Mesonet 10:20 – 10:50 AM From the Ground Up - Managing Water for Quality and Quantity John McMaine, South Dakota State University Fleford Redoloza, Tanja Williamson, and 10:50 – 11:10 AM Image Segmentation of Tile Drainage Systems Using U-Nets Alex Headman, USGS Investigation of Muskingum Routing parameters in natural channel in Vida Atashi and Yeo Lim, University of North 11:10 – 11:30 AM North Dakotan river under snowmelt-induced flooding conditions Dakota 11:30 – 12:00 PM Improving Water quality with the Scenario Application Manager (SAM) Seth Kenner, RESPEC 5 WEDNESDAY, APRIL 21, 2021 SESSION 1 8:00 – 10:00 A.M. 6 SD DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE / DENR MERGER UPDATE Brian Walsh Public Affairs Director, SD Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources [email protected] OVERVIEW OF WEST DAKOTA WATER DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT "STORMWATER-INVENTORY" AND "EROSION-CONTROL" PROJECTS Dan Driscoll Area 3 Director, West Dakota Water Development District [email protected] During 2020 the West Dakota Water Development District implemented two projects that aim to improve water-quality and ecological conditions in Rapid Creek. Rapid Creek often fails to meet designated water-quality standards for total suspended solids during periods of urban stormwater runoff, which is widely recognized as a common cause for exceedance of water-quality standards. Both projects were implemented as partnerships with the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at South Dakota Mines. The stormwater-inventory project, which has essentially been completed, was implemented as a pilot-level effort within 3 of Rapid City’s 27 named urban drainage basins. The primary goal was to develop methods for identifying non-residential properties where future improvements in stormwater management might be accomplished with minimal effort and cost. Such properties typically were developed before the advent of modern stormwater best management practices. Good candidates for future improvements might include properties with relatively large impervious surfaces and available green space well suited for stormwater mitigation. The erosion-control project also was implemented as a pilot-level effort and has a purpose of testing methods for slope stabilization through revegetation in challenging settings where highly erosive soils are present. The end goal is to achieve water-quality improvement by reducing erosion and associated sedimentation within the downstream receiving water body. The project area consists of about 2 acres of exposed weathered shale on a steep slope on the west side of the South Dakota Mines campus. Many other large areas with actively eroding shales exist within the South Dakota Mines campus and on slopes surrounding the “Star Village” and “Hillcrest” housing units to the west, where future erosion-control projects might be considered. 7 PILOT PROJECT FOR AN INVENTORY OF IMPERVIOUS AREAS AND GREEN SPACES THAT MAY HAVE POTENTIAL FOR FUTURE STORMWATER MITIGATION MEASURES Jason Phillips South Dakota Mines and TerraSite Design [email protected] [email protected] Urban stormwater runoff is a detrimental factor to the water quality and ecology of Rapid Creek within the urban/suburban corridor. It also contributes to increased flash flooding because existing infrastructure can’t handle the increased runoff generated from the increased impervious land cover. The use of modern stormwater best management practices (BMPs), that incorporate green infrastructure (GI), can be quite effective in mitigating detrimental effects of stormwater runoff; however, much of Rapid City’s urbanization occurred before the advent of effective stormwater BMPs. A comprehensive large scale program to “retrofit” all areas within the Rapid City vicinity lacking adequate stormwater infrastructure