STUDY ON IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE INNOVATIVE PRACTICES OF ADVENTURE TOURISM August 2020 Developed by Barbara Fritz • Sustainable Tourism Expert Owner of AGEG Tourism for Sustainability • www.AGEG.de and Team Amira Pötsch and Ieva Zamaraite • Junior Experts for the MEDUSA Project Development and Promotion of Mediterranean Sustainable Adventure Tourism This publication has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union under the ENI CBC Mediterranean Sea Basin Programme. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the Official Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Services and Navigation of Barcelona and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union or the Programme management structures. The European Union is made up of 28 Member States who have decided to gradually link together their know-how, resources and destinies. Together, during a period of enlargement of 50 years, they have built a zone of stability, democracy and sustainable development whilst maintaining cultural diversity, tolerance and individual freedoms. The European Union is committed to sharing its achievements and its values with countries and peoples beyond its borders. The 2014-2020 ENI CBC Mediterranean Sea Basin Programme is a multilateral Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) initiative funded by the European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENI). The Programme objective is to foster fair, equitable and sustainable economic, social and territorial development, which may advance cross-border integration and valorise participating countries’ territories and values. The following 13 countries participate in the Programme: Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Malta, Palestine, Portugal, Spain, Tunisia. The Managing Authority (JMA) is the Autonomous Region of Sardinia (Italy). Official Programme languages are Arabic, English and French. For more information, please visit: www.enicbcmed.eu MEDUSA project has a budget of 3.3 million euros, being 2.9 million euros the European Union contribution (90%). CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................7 1.1 CONCEPT & APPROACH ..............................................................................................................9 1.2 THE MEDUSA DESTINATIONS AND THEIR AT POTENTIAL .................................................10 1.3 COVID-19 CRISIS AND TOURISM .............................................................................................16 2. SUSTAINABLE ADVENTURE TOURISM (SAT) ................................................... 20 2.1 INTERNATIONAL TRENDS ..........................................................................................................24 2.2 ADVENTURE TOURISM AND SUSTAINABILITY ...................................................................25 3. SUSTAINABLE GOOD PRACTICES AROUND THE GLOBE ................................. 28 3.1 SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE ...........................................................................................29 3.2 CATEGORIES AND VISUALIZATION ........................................................................................31 4. PRESENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES ........................................... 33 4.1 PRACTICES NO. 01–08: DESTINATION DEVELOPMENT& MARKETING MODELS ...... 34 PRACTICE NO. 1 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................35 PRACTICE NO. 2 .............................................................................................................................................................................................38 PRACTICE NO. 2 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................41 PRACTICE NO. 4 ............................................................................................................................................................................................44 PRACTICE NO. 5 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 47 PRACTICE NO. 6 ............................................................................................................................................................................................50 PRACTICE NO. 7 .............................................................................................................................................................................................53 PRACTICE NO. 8 ............................................................................................................................................................................................56 4.2 PRACTICES NO. 09–14: PROTECTED AREAS & NATIONAL PARKS ............................. 59 PRACTICE NO. 9 ............................................................................................................................................................................................60 PRACTICE NO. 10 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................63 PRACTICE NO. 11.............................................................................................................................................................................................66 PRACTICE NO. 12 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................69 PRACTICE NO. 13 ............................................................................................................................................................................................72 PRACTICE NO. 14 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 75 4.3 PRACTICES NO. 15–20: TRAIL MODELS ................................................................................78 PRACTICE NO. 15 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 79 PRACTICE NO. 16 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................82 PRACTICE NO. 17 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................85 PRACTICE NO. 18 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................88 PRACTICE NO. 19 .............................................................................................................................................................................................91 PRACTICE NO. 20 .........................................................................................................................................................................................94 4.4 PRACTICES NO. 21–24: SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCES .............................................................97 PRACTICE NO. 21 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................98 PRACTICE NO. 22 .........................................................................................................................................................................................101 PRACTICE NO. 23 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 104 PRACTICE NO. 24 ........................................................................................................................................................................................107 4.5 PRACTICES NO. 25–28: BICYCLING & MOUNTAIN BIKING ..........................................110 PRACTICE NO. 25 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................111 PRACTICE NO. 26 .........................................................................................................................................................................................114 PRACTICE NO. 27 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................117 PRACTICE NO. 28 ........................................................................................................................................................................................120