37^TH RD50 Workshop

A comprehensive MIP measurement &

analysis system

Evangelos –Leonidas Gkougkousis

CERN, EP-R&D WG 1.1: Hybride Pixel Detectors

Geneva – November 19^th, 2020

Mechanics

• Spacers
• M4x20 screws

General Overview

All parts in transit

from CERN since last
Friday

source container source support back

Trigger
DUT

source support

front

Aluminum support

assembly (reduced size) baseplate

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Mechanics

https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/Main/HGTDSensorTesting#Mechanics

Individual Pieces

•

•

•

Assembled on aluminum breadboard base

M5 tapped hole grid, 15 mm

spacing 10 mm thickness recommended for stability

Specifications

• Outer dimensions
• 250 x 220 x 10 mm

Aluminum

M5

Material

Grid type

Grid size Grid spacing
16 X 14 15 mm

• 12.5 mm
• Distance form grid end to edge

+

• +
• =

••

•

•

3-piece aluminum L-shaped support frame for board alignment and mounting M5 screws used for fixing to baseplate & mount sensor board to the frame

165 mm x 120 mm outer dimentions

2xM5, 10 mm nuts per board mounting hole as spacers.

•••

•

••

2-pice support designed for CERN sources Encapsulates an L-frame plane support 3D printed piece

ABS with a 99% fill factor for mechanical stability

Non-metallic parts to avoid bremsstrahlung Assures correct alignment with boards and sensors

+

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Electronics

1^st Stage Amplifier

••

Electronics based on UCSC single channel board High frequency SiGe (~2GHz) common emitter first stage charge amplifier (470 Ohm trans-impedance) Based on Iminium transistor (V_cc >1.25V) with well calibrated gain to voltage ratio

••••

1.8 mm 4-layer FRP architecture with buried signal layer SMA calibration inputs and dielectric impedance test 2.25 V input, ~17 mA



Estimated gain of 10 Extremely fast shaping time (< 1 ns)



Bandwidth limited

(especially at low frequencies)



Relative expensive No hot-swap available High leakage current because of heavy

decoupling

Reworked area, ground contract

Double Amplifier Calibration input input capacitor diode capacitor (missing) assembly (replaced



Integrated low pass filtering at HV, LV side with limited cut-off

(removed)

)

https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/Main/HGTDSensorTesting#Second_Stage_Amplifier

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Electronics

2^nd Stage Amplifier

https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/Main/LgadSecondStage

•

Mini-Circuits integrated GALI-52 Voltage amplifier on

test board

•••••

Gallium Phosphate technology with 2GHz bandwidth 15.5 dB at 50 Ohm matched impedance 0.64 dB insertion loses at 1 GHz Supply Voltage: 12 +/- 0.2 V Supply current: 60 +/- 10 mA

•

•••

Amplifier directly mounted to Readout board

Aluminum shield cover with M1.2 screws for shielding Outer dimensions 36 x 40 mm SMA to SMA connector (18 GHz cut-off), rated at 1.5kV

https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/Main/LgadCables

Cables and connectors

•

Direct SMA-BNC cables (no converters) for signal, HV and LV

•••

50 Ohm, 20 GHz, RG-174 standard with 2m max length Thin Coaxial cooper shielded cables, PTFE insulation 100 dB/m shielding effectiveness with 3kV operating voltage (HYTEM HY402FLEX)

•

banana-BNC converters at the HV and LV side

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•Environmental Expander (EnviE)

https://gitlab.cern.ch/egkougko/environemental-monitoring-expander-envie

•

Based on an ESP8266 microcontroller with integrated 10-

bit ADC, I2C and WiFi 802.11b

•••••

•

Integrated OLED 128X64 pixel screen Base board 3 humidity and 5 temperature channels High precision voltage dividers and sensor decoupling ARDUINO / LoUA core based Temperature resolution of 0.8 ^oC ± 0.06 %

Humidity resolution of 0.1 % across the range with

integrated temperature compensation

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Assembly

Absorbers – Shields

• −
• −

• 90
• 90

40

₃⁹⁰₈푆푟 →^푒 ₃₉푌 →^푒

푍푟

50mm x 50mm tin plated metal shield covers on both sides

E_max= 2.28 MeV
T_1/2 = 64 h

E_max= 0.46 MeV
T_1/2 = 28,8 y

 Multi-energetic electron spectrum
 E_max at 2.28MeV  Average energy ~ 939 keV from

⁹⁰Y decay

300mm diameter circular openings at center of both front and back covers on top

of the sensor pad

 Average energy ~ 188 keV from
⁹⁰Sr decay

30 μm thickness, 2 x 2 cm Al foil attached on both

openings

Low temperature Multi-metal solder (91% Tin 9% Zinc)

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Assembly

Wire bonding

• TRD for temp. sensing
• Gold plated dive-in pins
• Assembled sensor

• Wire bonds are to be kept to a minimum distance from sensor to reduce inductance

• Gold-plated dive-in pads required • Flatness of top sensor pad to be guaranteed

• Anisotropically conductive adhesive tape to attach sensor (3M155818-ND )

https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/3m-tc/3-4-5-9703/3M155818- ND/3830765

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Functional Setups

Schematics

Board type

Channels

Sampic

16

LeCroy WR

4
Sampling Rate Impedance
8.4Gs/sec
50 Ω
20 Gs/sec
50 Ω
MCX, SMA, USB, Ethernet
BNC, USB, GPIB slave
Connectors

Bandwidth

Resolution

• 1.6GHz
• 5GHz

• 8 – 11 bit
• 8 bit (11 tough fit)

Dynamic

Range

Scale

dependent
1V

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Functional Setups

Location, Location, Location

DAQ & control PC
HV 1 – Keithley 2410

4-channel LV HMP4040
Climate Chamber (Binder MK-115)
HV 2 – Keithley 2410

28/2/-020

40 Gs Oscilloscope

(Agilent Infinium)
Timing boards

Second Stage amplifiers

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Functional Setups

Location, Location, Location

 Replicate the lab setup at Previssin  Use of an “Abandoned” iTk climate chamber  Replace all infrastructure, mechanical supports and instruments  Take care of Sr90 source (34 MBq) and RP procedures  Software installation, configuration and testing  Dry air provided from central circuit

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DAQ Software

Current supported Instrument Library

Supported Oscilloscopes

Sampic Series v2.0
(16 ch version)

• TDS5000 series
• WaveRunner

series
Infinium DS08000 series

 Under Integration
 Compatible with models form the same family, may require minor adjustments if use of different model of one of the supported brands

Supported Climate Chambers

• Votsch VT4002
• Votsch VT4002 EM

+ Air input

• Votsch VC2020
• Binder MK53
• Binder MK115

 Many more can be added, need to create a LabVIEW library for your model

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DAQ Software

Current supported Instrument Library

High voltage

Supported Low Voltage Power supplies

• 363X series 364X series
• HMP4040
• PL330DP

2400 / 2410

 Multiple models supported from these series

 Units supported at any combination with a maximum of 4

 Will not support CAEN

 Plans include support for

• 2600 series electrometers
• channels

How does multi – instrument support work?

 Completely transparent for end user

 Selection of instrument through drop-down menus  UI adapts to selected instrument (polymorphism)

 Acquired data have a single unique format (no matter which oscilloscope used)

 Customized commands and libraries used in each case

 New instrument integration easy through use of separated dedicated libraries

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1

DAQ Software

General Interface

 Tab interface organized in 4 sections:

I. HV Control, V-I recording and visualization

2

II. Low Voltage and temperature

control
III. Oscilloscope and triggering mode control

IV. Charged particle and auto-trigger

sequencing and programming

 Multiple supported instruments with adaptive

3
4

polymorphic UI

 Integrated error

handling and quai-full proof operation ()

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DAQ Software

Event Preview

 Real-time Waveform Visualization  Dynamically enabled / only visible during data taking  Available for LeCroy, Tektronix and Agilent oscilloscopes  Holds last acquired waveform in case of error  Re-initialization at program start-up  Eliminate need to remotely access oscilloscope GUI

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DAQ Software

HV Control and Monitoring

HV PSU model select
1^st HV channel control panel

2^nd HV channel control

panel

Filename to save data

(asci format, tab separated .txt)

Voltage/Time graph

(15 days implemented buffer size,

reset afterwards)

Current/Time graph

(15 days implemented buffer size, reset afterwards)

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DAQ Software

HV Control and Monitoring

Data Logging: Current, Voltage and their uncertainties are

recorded in a vertical line separated

ASCII file. ONLY active channel

recorded. Automatic start/Stop upon HV activation.

Example from output file:

•

•

••

Default directory : /system/user/

Data append existing file

File created at HV power on Record only value variations to limit data size

• channel
• voltage current
• date
• time

• δV
• δI

IVs: Simultaneously plotting both channel voltage and current vs time. Start automatically once at least one

channel turned on. Auto scaling time

axis. 15 day buffer for continues running.

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DAQ Software

Agilent 363x + 364x

Temperature and LV control

Hameg HMP404
2 x Agilent 364x

LV Selection menu

2 x Agilent 363x

Votsh VT4002 No Air / VC2020
Votsh VT4002 Air

Climate chamber selection menu

Binder MK53

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DAQ Software

Oscilloscope Control

Oscilloscope model select
Oscilloscope settings

control panel

Timing and vertical scale control for up to 4 oscilloscope channels

Triggering Mode select

Coincidence trigger with multichannel logic or single channel edge trigger configuration

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DAQ Software

Oscilloscope Control – Channel Settings

Com. Interface: Sets the VISA port for the

Oscilloscope type: Select one of the four supported oscilloscope types oscilloscope

configure

to

to work with. Dialog box disabled when

program running.

Error: Error indicator will turn ON if communications fails, set parameters are out of range for instrument or instrument reports error. Turning panel OFF/ON clears error.

Time-Base: Set time scale, time offset and memory depth in number of points. Sampling rate will be

adjusted to maximum value

for selected memory depth.
Vertical setup: Voltage scale and offset, coupling, impedance bandwidth

attenuation settings. Enable / disable

channel trace. ONLY ENABLED

channels are considered during data taking.
(when limit available), probe
ON/OFF: To turn on or off the oscilloscope one needs to use the corresponding buttons at the trigger mode section. Then all parameters are

applied and the instrument is set to the

selected mode. and

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DAQ Software

Oscilloscope Control - Trigger

Coincidence trigger

• When initiated, all vertical and timing settings are applied in addition the logic

setting for the coincidence trigger.

• Edge trigger is disabled. • Continuously cycles and updates settings on the fly. • If stopped, last settings are left on instrument.

OR

• All channels set to active are displayed, regardless if they participate in the trigger condition.

Edge trigger

 Only selected trigger channel is activated and its vertical and timing settings adjusted.
 All other channels are deactivated.

 Logic trigger is disabled while edge trigger is active

 While active, cycles continuously with the instrument applying any setting modification on the fly.
 When deactivated, last applied settings are let.

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DAQ Software

MIP Scans and Dark Rate

MIP data Control

Set temperatures, DUT and Trigger HV and number of events per point to be recorded. Each waveform is individually recorded and a folder structure is created

Dark Rate Measurement

Scans all voltages up to breakdown and produces a dark rate vs
Voltage measurements. Multiple temperatures can be sequenced automatically

Dark rate vs Voltage plot

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DAQ Software

MIP Sequential Measurement Roadmap

• A four state approach to guarantee stability and error management • Code execution falls back to previous step in case of error

Six preliminary sequential steps before we even start looking at the waveform

Temp, setup
(~2% of set point)

Low Voltage

Power ON

Climate chamber activation

Enable

dry air intake

Preliminary settings validation

Oscilloscope setup

Visualize and save waveforms

Query

oscilloscope for data

Deactivate dry air intake

Create appropriate

folder structure

Set HV values for both DUT and reference

Set new temp point

Continue until all points

Repeat data

cycle (step 2)

Turn HV off and wait for

0

Deactivate dry air

Activate

dry air

completed

Turn Low voltage off

Turn HV off and wait for
0

Tep. Left to last setpoint to protect irradiated sensors

Close oscilloscope connection

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DAQ Software

MIP data File structure

• User inputs a single directory for data saving • A folder structure is created per temp and voltage point

• Each waveform is waved in a separate file winthin the appropriate folder

• IV log file is register for the duration of measurements

One folder per temperature point

IV log file

Single folder per voltage point and per temperature

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DAQ Software

Dark Rate Measurement

Dark Rate: Dark rate for each point is

defined as the average of the inverse of the time difference between two consecutive

• triggers.
• Measurement
• is

repeated until the recorded evets reach the set numbers of

trigger per point. The final

value is then estimated by a Poisson fit of collected data.

Data File: Path to save the single txt file containing the dark rate per voltage point and per temperature

Temperature array: Comma separated temperature values. For

each temperature a dark rate scan up to the maximum voltage OR until instrument saturation will be performed.

Max Voltage: Maximum value of HV to be tested. Typically sensors saturate dark rate measurement capabilities of the instruments

• before reaching this point. IN such
• a
• case, the

measurement will stop once the saturation point is

reached. An emergency ramp down is implemented in case

of current exceeding compliance set in HV tab.

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Timing Analysis Framework

Why does it makes sense?

 Code available on git: https://gitlab.cern.ch/egkougko/lgadutils

 Structure:

Gkougkousis V. RD50 Talk June 2020: link

Package headers

Steering macro examples (local) Classes implementation Grid Macros Example files from all instruments Grid Scripts for batch jobs

External libraries

 Following standard ATLAS analysis package organization  Running as interpreted (CINT), compiled (CMake) or RootCore version

 Tested in multiplatform environment (Windows, Linux), appropriate preprocessor

instructions incorporated for compatibility
 Only requirement ROOT (with FFTW and RooFit), no ATLAS software  Validated with ROOT 5 and production version of ROOT 6  Allows users to control their analysis by creating a top level steering macro  Combines all steps, from data conversion starting from RAW or txt files to plotting

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Timing Analysis Framework

How is the logic structured?

 Four main classes with dedicated header and implementation files, one wrapper class handling user interaction

 LGADUtils

 LGADBase

 LGADRun

 LGADChannel

 WaveForm

Wrapper to handle user I/O and pass arguments Basic framework function and infastructure

Timing resolution, CFD maps, multi DUT operations

Mean pulse shape, mean pulse properties form entire run SingleWaveform properties and time walk corrections Selector Class with auto-set 64 channel support