ENGLISH LUTE MANUSCRIPTS AND SCRIBES 1530-1630 An examination of the place of the lute in 16th- and 17th-century English Society through a study of the English Lute Manuscripts of the so-called 'Golden Age', including a comprehensive catalogue of the sources. JULIA CRAIG-MCFEELY Oxford, 2000 A major part of this book was originally submitted to the University of Oxford in 1993 as a Doctoral thesis ENGLISH LUTE MANUSCRIPTS AND SCRIBES 1530-1630 All text reproduced under this title is © 2000 JULIA CRAIG-McFEELY The following chapters are available as downloadable pdf files. Click in the link boxes to access the files. README......................................................................................................................i EDITORIAL POLICY.......................................................................................................iii ABBREVIATIONS: ........................................................................................................iv General...................................................................................iv Library sigla.............................................................................v Manuscripts ............................................................................vi Sixteenth- and seventeenth-century printed sources............................ix GLOSSARY OF TERMS: ................................................................................................XII Palaeographical: letters..............................................................xii Paleographical: scripts..............................................................xv Paper, printing and binding......................................................xviii Musical...............................................................................xxiii INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1 Background...............................................................................1 Concordances............................................................................9 1 - THE LUTE..............................................................................................................13 Symbolism and science..............................................................13 Construction and tuning.............................................................14 Notation................................................................................17 Patronage and employment.........................................................22 Learning the Lute......................................................................27 2 - THE ENGLISH LUTE REPERTORY................................................................................35 Shape and survival....................................................................35 Genres...................................................................................40 Sources before 1580..................................................................55 Sources 1580-1615...................................................................58 Sources after 1615....................................................................66 The 'Golden Age'......................................................................68 3 - MANUSCRIPTS: TYPES, CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPILATION.....................................70 Printed lute sources...................................................................73 Scribal publications..................................................................73 Fragments..............................................................................76 Teaching fragments...................................................................78 Professional books...................................................................82 Pedagogical books....................................................................87 Household or personal anthologies...............................................97 Foreign sources with activity by an English scribe...........................100 Ghosts..................................................................................101 4 - LUTE SCRIBES AND HANDWRITING...........................................................................102 Literacy................................................................................104 Learning to write.....................................................................109 Tools...................................................................................116 Types of script........................................................................118 Examining lute scribes..............................................................120 Table....................................................................................126 5 - DATING LUTE MANUSCRIPTS I: MATERIAL EVIDENCE..................................................128 Recorded dates, dateable marginalia..............................................130 Binding, format......................................................................133 Watermarks............................................................................138 Music paper, ruling..................................................................143 6 - DATING LUTE MANUSCRIPTS II: IMPLIED EVIDENCE....................................................150 History of the source, owner or scribe...........................................150 Scribal concordances................................................................152 Type of lute and tunings............................................................157 Repertory, dateable elements in ascriptions....................................158 Style of handwriting and notation, graces......................................167 Compilation and Layout............................................................171 Stemmatics............................................................................177 7 - CASE STUDIES ......................................................................................................181 Herbert .................................................................................182 ML and Krakow .......................................................................188 Board and Hirsch .....................................................................200 Mynshall and Swarland .............................................................222 Richard Allison.......................................................................230 8 - THE SIGNIFYING SERPENT........................................................................... ADDENDUM A discussion of the decline of the lute during the 17th century BIBLIOGRAPHY .........................................................................................................247 LIST OF TABLES AND EXAMPLES...................................................................................262 APPENDICES 1 - INVENTORIES OF ENGLISH SOURCES.........................................................................279 PART 1 PART 2 PART 3 PART 4 2 - INVENTORIES OF FOREIGN SOURCES ........................................................................641 PART 1 PART 2 3 - INDEX OF COMPOSERS...........................................................................................789 4 - INDEX OF MUSIC TITLES.........................................................................................801 5 - DATEABLE ELEMENTS IN TITLES OF LUTE MUSIC........................................................830 6 - DUET AND CONSORT MUSIC IN SOLO LUTE SOURCES...................................................838 Tables and Examples Tables GLOSSARIES 1 From Krummel/Sadie 1990, 511......................................................................................xx INTRODUCTION 2 French tablature lute sources 1530-1630..............................................................................6 CHAPTER 2 - THE ENGLISH LUTE REPERTORY 4 English lute sources......................................................................................................37 5 Foreign sources in French tablature containing English music...............................................39 6 League table of genres in English sources..........................................................................41 7 Maskes before 1630 with music in English lute sources.......................................................46 8 Maske music in English lute sources................................................................................48 9 Contents of Willoughby c1560-85...................................................................................57 10 Contents of Thistlethwaite c1575..................................................................................58 11 Contents of William Barley: a New Booke of Tabliture… (London, 1596)............................59 12 Printed sources of lute music after 1580..........................................................................60 13 English composers whose music appears in Foreign sources...............................................63 14 Contents of Robert Dowland: Varietie of Lute-lessons (London, 1610)................................64 15 Music from Varietie of Lute-lessons in English sources after 1615.......................................66 CHAPTER 4 - LUTE SCRIBES AND HANDWRITING 16 Identifying lute scribes................................................................................................126