A CHINESE WEEKLY OF NEWS AND VIEWS eijing Review Vol. 30, No. 23 June 8, 1987 The Glamour of China's Drama Review HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK VOL. 30, NO. 23 JUNE 8, 1987 CONTENTS NOTES FROM THE EDITORS 4 Struggle Against Bourgeois Liberalization Deepens EVENTSARENDS S-9 Yang's Visit in North America Zhao Sets Task for Party Building Zhao's latest Exposition About Party-Buiiding Zhao's East Europe Tour a Watershed • The Communist Party of China should resist the influence of Beijing Sees Fewer Sandstorms both bourgeois liberalism and ossification, in order to ensure Rare Buddha Relics Unearthed in the implementation of the Party line set in 1978. The Party line Shaanxi has two main concepts: adherence to the four cardinal Weekly Chrontck (May 25-31) principles and to the general principles and policies of reform, INTERNATIONAL 10-13 opening to the outside world and invigorating the economy, Africa: Day of Unity and said Zhao Ziyang, acting Party general secretary (p. 6). , Development Gulf; Superpower Involvement Causes Tension Struggle Against Bourgeois Liberalization India: Punjab—Violence Continues • Tremendous changes have taken place in the political and GDR: Steady Development of ideological fields since the struggle was launched against Economy bourgeois liberalization. To ensure the smooth progress of Lebanon: Karami's reform, opening up and socialist modernization, the struggle is Assassination Condemned expected to deepen in a sound way. Deepening it means to Contract System: Shoudu Iron and conduct positive education so as to get the four cardinal I Steel Co. 14 principles firmly embedded in people's minds (p. 4). Charm of CMnese Operas Discussed 17 2nd Stai^ Rural Reform OV): Contract System in Shoudu Iron and Steel Co. Industry Becomes important in Countryside 20 • As a pioneer project in urban reform, the Shoudu Iron and Faets & Figures: Specialized Steel Co. began to introduce a new contract system in 1982 Households 23 which has contributed not only to the state, but has also to the , If^islfHial Regulations by the modernization of the company itself and to improved living People's Banii of China on RIVIB standards for its employees (p. 14). Loans Mortgaged by Enterprises With Foreign Investment With j Their Foreign Exchange 2S Township Enterprises Flourish FROM THE CHINESE PRESS 26*27 BUSiNESSARADE 28-29 • Small industry, building, transport, commerce and CULTURE/SCIENCE 30-32 catering—known as township enterprises in China — have CHINA CALENDAR 33 developed rapidly in the last few years and become important BOOKS 34 factors in revitalizing the rural economy. Our correspondent COVER: A steel rolling workshiip at the Han Baocheng reports on the situation and problems involved j Shoudu Iron and Steel Company (p. 20). i Xue Chao and Xu Xi M>(i^»e<( every Monetoy by Generol Editorial Offiw Tel, 893860 Sufcscrlf^ionpricss (1 yeorj; USA US$32.00 E-iglish Department Tel= 890951-146 REVIEW Auttralio A.$23.00 Canada Can.$2).00 DisfMbuted by China Intornolional Book 24 Bolwonjhuaug Road, Beijing Troding Corporation (GUOJl SHUDIAN) H»w Zmtand Nr$30.IK> ?he PsQple'i Republic of China P.O. Box 399, Bellir UK m-oo NOTES FROM THE EDITORS Struggle Against Bourgeois Liberalization Deepens by An Zhiguo emarkable changes have taken Committee against bourgeois Communist Party, of carrying it Rplace in China's political and liberalization is necessary. The out mainly in the political and ideological field since early this erroneous trend, if allowed to ideological spheres, of directing year when the struggle was spread unchecked, would have the efforts at solving problems of launched against bourgeois libe• caused more people to lose their political principle and orientation, ralization which consists of bearings, undermined political of not turning it into a political negating socialism and Commun• stability and unity and made it movement and not linking the ist Party leadership and advocat• impossible to carry on economic struggle to economic reforms or ing capitalism. The changes are extending it to involve the characterized by the following: countryside,and of conducting • Disturbances created by only positive education in enterpr• some students in a number of cities ises, government offices and army last winter are gone and campus ^Jotable achievements units. These policies have set people's minds at rest and unrest has calmed down. made so far in combating • A few persons who publicly guaranteed the struggle's healthy preached bourgeois liberalization bourgeois liberalization do development. and refused to mend their ways not mean that the struggle But the notable achievements despite repeated admonitions will soon be over. On the made so far in combating have been duly punished; contrary, it is expected to bourgeois liberalization do not • The Party Central Commit• mean that the struggle will soon be tee has firmly corrected the continue and deepen in a over. On the contrary, it is attitude of some individual healthy way. expected to continue and deepen leaders, who, out of weakness, in a healthy way. made concessions to the erroneous China is still in a preliminary trend; construction, reforms and open• stage of sociaUsm. For historical • The prevalence of the ing to the outside world; this runs reasons, its productivity is far erroneous trend has been checked; counter to the interests of all the lower than that of the developed • People have come to realize Chinese people. Waging this capitalist countries. Although its harm and haVe acquired a struggle helps to avoid turmoil people have had the first taste of better understanding of the and interference and promotes benefits from sociaUsm, the importance of upholding the four social stability, thereby guarantee• superiority of the new social cardinal principles — the sociaHst ing the smooth progress of reform, system has not yet been — nor can road, the Communist Party opening up and socialist it be — brought to full play in a leadership, the people's democra• modernization. short period of time. Not before tic dictatorship and Marxism- Facts have also proved that in the middle of the 21st century Leninism and Mao Zedong China, although only a few are when China, through efforts, Thought. Although the depth of 'advocating capitalism, their reaches the level of a medium- understanding differs from each capacity for harm must not be developed country, can the other, people have, generally underestimated. The overwhelm• Chinese say with assurance that speaking, become more clear• ing majority of people, however, socialism is superior to capitalism. headed and have taken a firmer support socialism and the Party. This determines the protracted stand on the issue; Facts have also showed that the nature of the struggle against • The situation of social policies adopted by the Party bourgeois liberalization. Prior to stability and unity has been Central Committee guiding the this, it would be impossible to maintained and developed struggle against bourgeois libe• require the trend of bourgeois nationwide. ralization are correct. These liberalization not to express itself; Facts show that the struggle include the policies of keeping the rather, it will still have a market. launched by the Party Central struggle strictly inside the However, through ideological 4 BEIJING RBVIEW, NO. 23 —^ EVENTSARENDS Yang's Visit in Nortli America Chinese Government delega• ficulties and obstacles" in Sino- A tion headed up by Yang US relations need to be overcome. Shangkun, vice-chairman of If we rest content with this and China's central military com• mark time, Sino-US relations will mission, and with State Councillor lose their vitality," he said. "It is Fang Yi as its deputy leader began our desire that the two sides a 25-day visit to the United States strictly abide by the common and Canada on May 15. guiding principles affirmed in the Yang told US Secretary of State three Sino-US joint communi• George Shultz at a reception in ques, adopt vigorous measures Washington on May 18 that and keep expanding the positive durable and stable friendly factors in our relations while relations and co-operation serve reducing and eliminating negative education and with the deepening both nations' fundamental inter• elements so Sino-US relations will of the reform and the superiority ests and benefit peace and stability develop further on a sound, of socialism becoming increas• in Asia and the world. durable and solid basis." ingly apparent, the influence of However, Yang noted that "the Turning to the issue of world this erroneous trend should and progress already made in our peace, Yang said China opposes can be gradually reduced. And it is bilateral relations is far from the "arms race in all its forms" and entirely possible to avoid the commensurate with the great welcomes US-Soviet dialogue. He emergence of a situation where the potential for the development of hoped that US-Soviet negoti• erroneous trend spreads un• friendly co-operation between the ations would produce tangible checked, as it did last winter. two countries" and said "dif- results conducive to world peace. Deepening the struggle against bourgeois liberalization does not Ronald Reagan meets Yang. LIU SHAOSHAN mean to create a tense political atmosphere, nor to ask everybody to make a self-examination, still less to launch a political movement. The main task is to conduct positive education. Through patient, convincing, vivid, and multiform ideological exposition, the four cardinal principles will take deeper root among the public, and people will know how to uphold them and oppose erroneous trends. While conducting positive educ• ation at large. Communist Party members holding systematic wrong views will be helped to understand and correct their mistakes through comradely criti• cism and self-criticism at appro• priate Party meetings. Such criticism and self-criticism are obviously necessary in the sense that some Party members violate the Party constitution either in their words or in their deeds.