D I R R’ S C O EL Q)’ EAL EGYPTI A N A RA B I C G RA M MA R F OR - TH E US E OF TOUR I S TS TR ANSLATE D B Y L A L L M . A . W H . Y . , R ! F RD B A S E N OS E COL L E GE , O O W I T H V OCAB U L A RY H EN RY F R OWD E O O E D I N B U R G H GL A S GOW L N D N , , N E W Y OR K A N D T O R O N T O 1 9 0 4 0 ( C O O 0 0 ( c " g o a t ! O! F ORD : H ORACE H ART P R I N TE R TO T H E U N I VE RS I TY PR E F A CE T H ERE are of course m any aids to the study of colloqui al E Arabic a a . , especi lly the di lect of gypt I mention here only the b a of a a a an d Vollers excellent pu lic tions Spitt Bey, H rtm nn , to sa a a I a y nothing of the numerous convers tion l guides . If h ve incre ased the number of works on the subject by this present a a I a n so b o f n a gr mm r, h ve do e with the o ject putting i to the h nds wh o n ot a a a of the student is philologist , who knows neither cl ssic l ab a a b a Ar ic nor one of its modern di lects, ook which , in contr st a a as a a b to most works th t h ve yet ppe red on the su ject, does not an a of an d presume y previous knowledge on the p rt the student, b difii culties a a which removes , wherever possi le , the th t must rise in the study of an idiom s o very diff erent from th at of the Indo E a a a I a urope n l ngu ges . With this intention h ve put the elements a a a a of the l ngu ge into lessons , with progressive exercises well d pted to the requirements of the beginner ; an d I h ave decided to aba ndon any a ttempt at giving a system atic representation o f the a a b e a a a . gr mm r, which would unnecess ry in the e rly st ges The b ab all r a cti ca l an d I hO e m a be ook is then ove things p , p it y as a at of a a judged such . The phr ses given the end the gr mm r b e an d a n - a at will found useful ; the re di g m tter the end, with inter a a a v on a has line r tr nsl tion , will ser e to impress the memory wh t a a b a an d a a a o f lre dy een le rnt , will lso give good ex mple connected speech . a use of b I a As reg rds the the ook , should like to m ke the b on e a a . a following rem rks In the first pl ce , if possi le should le rn the pronunci ation from some one who knows E gypti an Arabic . If this is not practicable one should pronounce the co n so n ants a s as b a a b are h correctly possi le . The conson nts in Ar ic of muc more import ance tha n the vowels ; the la tter a re somewhat va ri iv PR EFA CE 1 b an r a n a d a e a a . R a le , lmost lw ys left out in writi g e ding the chrestomathy slowly a loud will accustom the student to the sound ‘ of the l anguage . The (792) an d the Iza mz d must never b e slurred over an d they should always be regarded a s definite consonants ; s is always sharp like 5 3 ; z is smooth like the s in r ose ; a dis tinction must b e ma de between i an d d ; p does not occur in ' ’ ’ ' a b éé l a an d a a ab so a e i . Ar ic, the word p sh must not p The Arabic exercises m ay be tra nsl ated into E n glish an d then b ack again into Arabic ; in this way additional exercises m ay b e b a a a b formed . The ver s given fter e ch conjug tion should e con : b of a juga ted throughout the ver is the soul the Ar bic language . Of course the learning Of a language consists largely in learning by heart . One should not allow oneself to be frightened by the tales of the excessive diffi culty of learning Ar abic ; colloquial Arabic has b n - b R a and a a are very few stum li g locks . ussi n Hung ri n much h arder ; for my ow n p art I maintain th at French necessitates much E c a . b more work ven in the se of the notorious ver , the student will soon s ee that all its different forms ha ve in re ality but on e a ffi conjugation . It re lly is not very di cult to initiate oneself into an a in a a a this vigorous l gu ge c omp r tively short time . The student who h as worked thoroughly through the grammar and the re ading a b a b o a m tter will soon find his e rings in other o ks , especi lly in a - b an d has be ab re ding ooks, , if he the good fortune to le to put a a a of a a his knowledge to the pr ctic l test in the l nd the Ph r ohs, he will m ake rapid progress . The territory of the modern Arabic dialects stretches over the of a a of a a an d whole Northern Afric , p rt the South , Syri , P lestine, a of a a the peninsul Ar bi . The dialects vary in the following provinces (according to Vollers and Burkitt) ' 1 . M a ur el m a M n a and . ( orocco, Algiers Tu is) . i a n l e 3 Sy r a d P a s ti ne. 1 Th s i s however on t ru e o f th e short o e s . i , , ly v w l P R E FA CE II k J es o ofa m i a . - p ‘ ' R I r a ab a . C g (B yloni ) ' O Wes /e n A r a éi a az r (the Hig ). T N S ouf/zer n A r a bi a (Yemen a nd H adram fit). O ‘ ‘ C E a r/er a A r a éi a (B ahrén an d Oman). Cen /r a l A r a bia N e d 9 ( g , f a b 1 B eda i n a f. 0 . The Arabic o the w forms cl ss y itsel The dialect of which the present book treats is th a t of C airo . The l anguage of E gypt is at present only a spoken on e of very — n a a doubtful origin the E gypti a n dialect is not writte . The Cl ssic l or Literary Arabic has been a dmirably treated in Professor Adolf ’ Wahrm un d s grammar : it is unnecessary to go i n to it in the a f ab present work . If I h ve devoted a e w pages to the Ar ic a ab an d I a s o lph et script , h ve done only to give the student some insight into the writing . The spoken forms of E gyptian Arabic (a ccording to Spitta Bey) are a an d a not yet well determined, much v ries still, much ch nges f a continually in the mouth o the people . The n tives themselves ’ a a a a . a a s y th t their l ngu ge is i e . ccording to e ch one s a a m an f a a a person l fancy . If o the uneduc ted classes is sked wh t use a a a is the right expression to in cert in c se , he will frequently ” ' ’ ’ a kull iz e a a o ll o z 6 fi a a . nswer , it is the s me However, they look on ab f E a n I a down the Ar ic o urope ns a d Copts . quote Spitt Bey but I a had a here , h ve often simil r experiences in my intercourse with Arabs . T HE AUTHOR . CON T E N T S T H E A L PH ABET GRAM M AR READ I N G M ATTER NOTES T O READI NG M ATTER 1 2 0 ARABIC - E NGLI SH VO CABUL ARY 1 2 4 E NGLISH - ARABIC VO CABUL ARY CORRI GEND A T H E A L P H A B E T .