USAID/HAITI USAID/HAITI STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK GENDER ANALYSIS November 30, 2020 DISCLAIMER The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. This publication was produced for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Contract Number 47QRAA18D00CM. It was prepared by Banyan Global under the authorship of Jane Kellum, Sue Telingator, Kenise Phanord, and Alexandre Medginah Lynn. Implemented by: Banyan Global 1120 20th Street NW, Suite 950 Washington, DC 20036 Phone: +1 202-684-9367 Recommended Citation: Jane Kellum, Sue Telingator, Kenise Phanord, and Alexandre Medginah Lynn. USAID/Haiti Strategic Framework Gender Analysis Report. Prepared by Banyan Global. 2020 1 | USAID/HAITI STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK GENDER ANALYSIS USAID.GOV ACRONYMS ADS Automated Directives System AFASDA Association Femmes Soleil d'Haiti /Sun of Haiti women's association AOR/COR Agreement Officer’s Representative/Contract Officer’s Representative APN L'Autorité Portuaire Nationale/National Port Authority ARI Acute respiratory infections ASEC Assemblée de la Section Communale/Assembly of the Communal Section BDS Business development services BINUH Bureau intégré des Nations Unies en Haïti/United Nations Integrated Office in Haiti CAEPA Comité d’Approvisionnement en Eau Potable et Assainissement/Potable Water and Sanitation Provision Committee CASEC Conseil d'Administration de la Section Communale/Board of Directors of the Communal Section CE Conseil Ecole/Schools Council CEC Commission d’Education du CLIO/Education Commission of CLIO CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women CEP Conseil Electoral Provisoire/Provisional Electoral Council CHP Cap Haïtien Port CIAT Comité Interministériel d’Aménagement du Territoire/Committee for the Management of the Territory COTEM Comité d’Application du Quota/Quota Application Committee CME Commission Municipale d’Education/Municipal Education Commission CNCVFF Concertation Nationale Contre les Violences Faites aux Femmes/National Concertation Against Violence Against Women CNLTP Comité National de Lutte contre la Traite/National Committee for the Fight against Trafficking CSO Civil society organization DINEPA Direction Nationale de l’Eau Potable et Assainissement/National Directorat for Drinking Water and Sanitation DOS Development objectives DRG Democracy, rights, and governance DRR/DRM Disaster risk reduction/Disaster risk management EMMUS Enquête Mortalité Morbidité et Utilisation des Services/Mortality Morbidity and Use of Services Study EPSSS Evaluation de la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé/Evaluation of the Provision of Health care Services FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FSN Foreign Service National 5DE Five domains of empowerment FP Family planning GA Gender advisor GBV Gender-based violence GDP Gross Domestic Product GEWE Gender equality and women’s empowerment GWG Gender Working Group GHESKIO Groupe Haïtien d'Étude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes/Group for the Study of Sarcoma and Kaposi and Opportunistic Infections Centers GMO Gender Mission Order GOH Government of Haiti GRB Gender-responsive budgeting USAID.GOV USAID/HAITI STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK GENDER ANALYSIS | 2 HR Human resources IDEA International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance IFES International Foundation for Electoral Systems IHSI Institut Haïtien de Statistique et d’Informatique/Haitian Institute of Statistics and Computing IOM International Organization for Migration J2SR Journey to Self-Reliance LAC Latin America and Caribbean LGBTI Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex MARNDR Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Ressources Naturelles et du Développement Rural/Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Rural Development MCFDF Ministère à la Condition Féminine et aux Droits des Femmes/Ministry for the Status of Women and Women’s Rights MCI Ministère du Commerce et de l’Industrie/Ministry of Commerce and Industry MENFP Ministère de l’Education Nationale et de la Formation Professionnelle/Ministry of National Education and Vocational Training MGA Mission Gender Advisor MHM Menstrual health management MINUSTAH Mission des Nations Unies pour la Stabilisation en Haiti/United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti MPCE Ministère de la Planification et de la Coopération Externe/Ministry of Planning and External Cooperation MSPP Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population/Ministry of Public Health and Population MTPTC Ministère des Travaux Publics, des Transports et des Communications/Ministry of Public Works, Transportation, and Communication NGO Non-governmental organization OAA Office of Acquisition and Assistance OREPA Office Régionale Eau Potable et Assainissement/Regional Office of Potable Water and Sanitation OVC Orphans and vulnerable children ONA Office National d'Assurance Vieillesse/National Office of Retirement Insurance PAD Program Appraisal Document PDEF Plan Décennal d’Éducation et de Formation/Ten-year Education and Training Plan PEFH Politique d’Égalité Femmes Hommes/Policy for Equality between Women and Men PEPFAR President’s Emergency Fund for AIDS relief PNAEFH Plan National d’Action d’Égalité Femmes Hommes/National Action Plan for Equality between Women and Men PNEF Plan National d'Éducation Financière/National Financial Education Plan PNH Police Nationale d’Haïti/Haitian National Police PNLCVEF Plan National Lutte Contre les Violences Envers les Femmes/National Plan to Combat Violence Against Women POC Point of contact PSC Personnel Service Contract PSDH Plan Stratégique de Développement d’Haïti/ National Strategic Development Plan PTSD Posttraumatic stress disorder P4L Partners for Learning RGA Recensement Général de l’Agriculture/General Census of Agriculture RLO Resident Legal Officer SDG Sustainable Development Goal 3 | USAID/HAITI STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK GENDER ANALYSIS USAID.GOV SF Strategic Framework SME Small and medium-sized enterprise SOFA Solidarité Fanm Ayisyèn /Haitian Women Solidarity SOW Scope of work SRGBV School-related gender-based violence SRH Sexual and reproductive health VSLA Village Savings and Loan Association STEM Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics TBA Traditional birth attendant TEPAC Techniciens en Eau Potable et Assainissement Communaux/Communal Water and Sanitation Technicians TIP Trafficking in Persons UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNFPA United Nations Population Fund USAID United States Agency for International Development VSLA Village savings and loans associations WASH Water, sanitation, and hygiene WEE Women’s economic empowerment WEEE Women’s Entrepreneurship and Economic Empowerment WEAI Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index WFP World Food Programme WSS Water supply and sanitation USAID.GOV USAID/HAITI STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK GENDER ANALYSIS | 4 CONTENTS ACRONYMS 2 CONTENTS 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8 1. INTRODUCTION 21 1.1 BACKGROUND 21 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE USAID/HAITI GENDER ANALYSIS 21 2. COUNTRY CONTEXT AND GENDER LANDSCAPE 22 2.1 COUNTRY CONTEXT AND BACKGROUND 22 2.2 GENDER EQUALITY OVERVIEW, BY ADS205 GENDER ANALYSIS DOMAIN 24 3. GENDER ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: SECTOR 1 — HEALTH 30 3.1 KEY FINDINGS FOR SECTOR 1: HEALTH 31 3.2 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECTOR 1: HEALTH 40 3.3 ASSUMPTIONS AND RISKS 43 3.4 ILLUSTRATIVE INDICATORS 43 4. GENDER ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: SECTOR 2 – EDUCATION 44 4.1 KEY FINDINGS FOR SECTOR 2: EDUCATION 44 4.2 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECTOR 2: EDUCATION 52 4.3 ASSUMPTIONS AND RISKS 54 4.4 ILLUSTRATIVE INDICATORS 55 5. GENDER ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: SECTOR 3 – DEMOCRACY, RIGHTS, AND GOVERNANCE 55 5.1 KEY FINDINGS FOR SECTOR 3: DEMOCRACY, RIGHTS, AND GOVERNANCE 56 5.2 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECTOR 3: DEMOCRACY, RIGHTS, AND GOVERNANCE 67 5.3 ASSUMPTIONS AND RISKS 70 5.4 ILLUSTRATIVE INDICATORS 71 6. GENDER ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: SECTOR 4 – ENVIRONMENT 72 6.1 KEY FINDINGS FOR SECTOR 4: ENVIRONMENT 72 6.2 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECTOR 4: ENVIRONMENT 76 ASSUMPTIONS AND RISKS 77 6.4 ILLUSTRATIVE INDICATORS 77 7. GENDER ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: SECTOR 5 – ECONOMIC GROWTH AND AGRICULTURE 78 7.1 KEY FINDINGS FOR SECTOR 5: ECONOMIC GROWTH AND AGRICULTURE 79 5 | USAID/HAITI STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK GENDER ANALYSIS USAID.GOV 7.2 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECTOR 5: ECONOMIC GROWTH AND AGRICULTURE 86 7.3 ASSUMPTIONS AND RISKS 89 7.4 ILLUSTRATIVE INDICATORS 89 8. GENDER ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: SECTOR 6 – INFRASTRUCTURE 90 8.1 KEY FINDINGS FOR SECTOR 6: INFRASTRUCTURE 91 8.2 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECTOR 6: INFRASTRUCTURE 93 8.3 ASSUMPTIONS AND RISKS 95 8.4 ILLUSTRATIVE INDICATORS 95 9. GENDER ANALYSIS FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: SECTOR 7 – WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION 96 9.1 KEY FINDINGS FOR SECTOR 7: WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION 96 9.2 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECTOR 7: WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION 100 9.3 ASSUMPTIONS AND RISKS 102 9.4 ILLUSTRATIVE INDICATORS 103 10. USAID/COUNTRY INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ON GENDER EQUALITY AND THE SOCIAL INCLUSION OF VULNERABLE GROUPS 104 10.1 USAID/COUNTRY POLICY AND PRACTICE ON GENDER EQUALITY 104 10.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USAID/HAITI 108 ANNEX A. SCOPE OF WORK 110 ANNEX B. METHODOLOGY 123 INCEPTION REPORT 123 ANNEX C. REFERENCE LIST 124 ANNEX D: INTERVIEW GUIDES FOR THE GENDER ANALYSIS 136 ANNEX E: LIST OF KEY INTERVIEWEES