Land off Back Lane, West Tanfield, North Yorkshire Heritage Assessment Client: Tanfield Lodge Estate Local Planning Authority: Hambleton District Council Planning Reference: TBC NGR: SE 26895, 79016 Date of Report: May 2017 Author: Jim Bonnor Report No.: TLE01-01 Prospect Archaeology Ltd, Prospect House, Garden Lane, Sherburn-in-Elmet, Leeds, North Yorkshire LS25 6AT. Tel 01977 681885. Email [email protected]. www.prospectarc.com Limited company registered in England 07130161 Client Tanfield Lodge Estate Land off Back Lane, West Tanfield, N Yorks Heritage Assessment CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................ I LIST OF PLATES................................................................................................................................................. II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 2 2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 2 3.0 GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................. 2 4.0 STATUTORY AND PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT .................................................................................... 2 5.0 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA .............................................................. 5 6.0 BASELINE CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................................ 7 7.0 ASSESSMENT ..................................................................................................................................... 15 8.0 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................... 16 9.0 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 17 10.0 FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................ 19 11.0 PLATES .............................................................................................................................................. 33 Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of reporting and appropriateness of recommendations. This report is based on information available at the time of writing, from the sources cited. It does not preclude the potential for future discoveries to be made, or for other unidentified sources of information to exist that alter the potential for archaeological impact. Any opinions expressed within this document reflect the honest opinion of Prospect Archaeology. However, the final decision on the need for further work rests with the relevant planning authority. © Prospect Archaeology 2017 F:\TLE01 West Tanfield, Ripon\WTanfieldDBAdraft.docx i Client Tanfield Lodge Estate Land off Back Lane, West Tanfield, N Yorks Heritage Assessment LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Site Location Map (source OS Opendata) ......................................................................................... 20 Figure 2 Location Map showing Heritage Assets (information from Oxfordshire HER) ................................... 21 Figure 3 Joseph Colbeck’s Map of the Lordship of Tanfield, 1792, no scale .................................................... 22 Figure 4: Ralph Burton’s survey of West Tanfield, 1797, no scale................................................................... 23 Figure 5 Plan of West Tanfield, 1842, no scale ............................................................................................... 24 Figure 6: Ordnance Survey 1856, 1:10,560 ..................................................................................................... 25 Figure 7: Ordnance Survey 1891-2, 1:2500 ..................................................................................................... 26 Figure 8: Ordnance Survey 1909, 1:2500 ........................................................................................................ 27 Figure 9: Ordnance Survey 1929 1:2500 ......................................................................................................... 28 Figure 10: Ordnance Survey 1956, 1:10.560 ................................................................................................... 29 Figure 11: Ordnance Survey 1977, 1:2500 ...................................................................................................... 30 Figure 12: Ordnance Survey 1983, 1:10,000 ................................................................................................... 31 Figure 13: LiDAR hill-shaded image using Environment Agency 1m DTM opendata ....................................... 32 LIST OF PLATES Plate 1 Looking northwest from Back Lane up toward the Weslyan chapel ................................................... 34 Plate 2 Looking southwest towards Back Lane and the parish church beyond ............................................... 34 Plate 3 Looking southeast. ............................................................................................................................. 35 F:\TLE01 West Tanfield, Ripon\WTanfieldDBAdraft.docx ii Client Tanfield Lodge Estate Land off Back Lane, West Tanfield, N Yorks Heritage Assessment EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Residential development is proposed on land off Back Lane, West Tanfield, North Yorkshire. The development proposal is for the construction of residential units, taking access off Back Lane. Prospect Archaeology Ltd was commissioned by Tanfield Lodge Estate to prepare a Heritage Assessment to accompany the planning application. This report has been prepared to consider the archaeological and historical implications of the proposed development in support of the planning application. A map regression exercise and documentary search have provided background information about the history of the site. In addition a site visit was made to assess existing ground conditions and archaeological potential. Twenty one designated assets have been identified within the study area. These include the medieval parish church and the Marmion Tower, various domestic buildings, the conservation area and the scheduled bridge. Adjacent to the site is the former Wesleyan chapel dating to the early 19th century. A further 42 undesignated assets have been identified, mostly dating to the post-medieval period and relating to domestic/agricultural features such as pumps and pounds as well as quarrying and making lime. The site contains ridge and furrow earthworks and has not been developed since the medieval period. The proposed development will not affect any designated assets. Apart from the locally significant ridge and furrow the potential for other periods is largely unknown, due mainly to the lack of fieldwork in this area. It is the cumulative widespread evidence coupled with potential significance of West Tanfield as a crossing point of the river that leads to the consideration that the site’s potential is Low-Moderate for Regionally significant remains of the prehistoric through to the early medieval period. Geophysical survey should be sufficient to establish the presence and character of any archaeological remains in support of a planning application. A programme of evaluation and/or area excavation may be required as a condition on any planning permission. This is in line with National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) guidelines. F:\TLE01 West Tanfield, Ripon\WTanfieldDBAdraft.docx 1 Client Tanfield Lodge Estate Land off Back Lane, West Tanfield, N Yorks Heritage Assessment 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1.1 Prospect Archaeology Ltd has been appointed by Tanfield Lodge Estate to prepare a heritage assessment to assess the cultural heritage impact for a proposed residential development on land north of Back Lane, West Tanfield, North Yorkshire. This report considers the known and suspected built heritage and archaeological remains lying within and adjacent to the proposed development. 2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION 2.1.1 The site is a small pasture field of about 0.4 hectares, located on land north of Back Lane in West Tanfield parish, North Yorkshire, centred at NGR SE 26895, 79016. The site is bounded to the south by Back Lane, to the east by a pasture field, to the north by open ground of the former railway yard and to the east by residential development. 3.0 GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY 3.1.1 The site is situated on the junction of Devensian sands and gravels and Vale of York formation deposits of sand, gravel and clay. These overlie Cadeby formation Dolostone, a Calcium Magnesium Carbonate rock formation (bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain). The site sits on the northern slopes of the valley of the River Ure. The site slopes from the northeast corner at 55.6m OD down to 52.4m OD in the southwest. 4.0 STATUTORY AND PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT 4.1 National Policy 4.1.1 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) was published on 27 March 2012, coming into immediate effect and replacing all previous Planning Policy Guidance notes (PPGs) and Planning