https://doi.org/10.1038/d41573-020-00151-8 Supplementary information Evolution of the COVID-19 vaccine development landscape In the format provided by the authors Nature Reviews Drug Discovery | www.nature.com/nrd Supplementary Table 1 | COVID-19 vaccines in clinical development* Candidate Lead partners Vaccine characteristics Start of first Current stage Location (current phase I trial and upcoming trials) Viral vector (including replicating and non-replicating) Ad5-nCoV CanSino Biological/ Adenovirus type 5 vector that 17 Mar 20 Phase II CHN, CAN, UAE, PAK, Beijing Institute of expresses S protein (ChiCTR2000031781) MEX, BRZ, RUS Biotechnology Approved for military use in China LV-SMENP-DC Shenzhen GIMI DCs modified with lentiviral 24 Mar 20 Phase I/II CHN vector expressing synthetic (NCT04276896) minigene based on domains of selected viral proteins AZD1222 AstraZeneca/ ChAdOx1 vector that expresses 23 Apr 20 Phase III BRZ, GBR, ZAF, USA, Oxford University S protein (NCT04516746) IND, BGD Gam-COVID-Vac Gamaleya Research Recombinant adenovirus vector 18 Jun 20 Phase III RUS, KAZ, BLR, BRZ, Institute based on the human adenovirus (NCT04530396) MEX type 5, 26, containing S protein Conditional registration in Russia Ad26.COV2-S J&J – Janssen Adenovirus type 26 vector that 22 Jul 20 Phase I/II USA, BEL, BRZ, CHL, expresses S protein (NCT04436276) COL, MEX, PER, PHL, ZAF, UKR, ARG Pathogen-specific Shenzhen GIMI aAPCs modified with lentiviral Feb 20 Phase I CHN aAPC vector expressing synthetic (NCT04299724) minigene based on domains of selected viral proteins GRAd-COV2 ReiThera Srl Gorilla adenovirus vector that 24 Aug 20 Phase I ITA expresses S protein (NCT04528641) V591 Merck Sharp & Measles virus vector Aug 20 Phase I USA Dohme (NCT04497298) DNA INO-4800 Inovio DNA plasmid that encodes 06 Apr 20 Phase I/II USA, KOR, CHN Pharmaceuticals S protein delivered by (NCT04336410) electroporation GX-19 Genexine DNA vaccine that encodes 19 Jun 20 Phase I/II KOR Consortium S protein delivered by (NCT04445389) electroporation or needle free AG0301-COVID19 Osaka University/ DNA vaccine that encodes 29 Jun 20 Phase I/II JPN AnGes S protein (NCT04463472) ZyCoV-D Zydus Cadila DNA vaccine 15 Jul 20 Phase I/II IND (CTRI/2020/07/026352) RNA mRNA-1273 Moderna LNP-encapsulated mRNA that 16 Mar 20 Phase III USA Therapeutics/NIAID encodes S protein (NCT04470427) mRNA-BNT162 Pfizer/BioNTech LNP-encapsulated mRNA that 29 Apr 20 Phase II/III USA, GER, ARG, BRZ, encodes stabilised S antigen (NCT04368728) CHN and others CVnCoV CureVac LNP-encapsulated mRNA that 19 Jun 20 Phase I GER, BEL encodes the S protein (NCT04449276) LNP-nCoVsaRNA Imperial College LNP-encapsulated self-amplifying 19 Jun 20 Phase I/II GBR London RNA that encodes the S protein (ISRCTN17072692) mRNA Walvax mRNA encoding the RBD 25 Jun 20 Phase I CHN Biotechnology (ChiCTR2000034112 ) ARCT-021 Arcturus LNP-encapsulated self-replicating 12 Aug 20 Phase I/II SGN Therapeutics mRNA that encodes the prefusion (NCT04480957) S protein Supplementary Table 1 cont. | COVID-19 vaccines in clinical development* Candidate Lead partners Vaccine characteristics Start of first Current stage Location (current phase I trial and upcoming trials) Inactivated virus Inactivated Wuhan Institute of Inactivated novel coronavirus 11 Apr 20 Phase III CHN, UAE, MAR SARS-CoV-2 Biological Products/ Pneumonia vaccine (Vero cells) (ChiCTR2000034780) vaccine Sinopharm Adsorbed Sinovac Biotech SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine 16 Apr 20 Phase III CHN, BRZ, BGD, CHL, COVID-19 (NCT04456595) IND, TUR (inactivated) vaccine Inactivated Beijing Institute Inactivated novel coronavirus 28 Apr 20 Phase I/II CHN SARS-CoV-2 of Biotechnology/ (2019-CoV) vaccine (Vero cells) (ChiCTR2000032459) vaccine Sinopharm Inactivated Institute of Medical SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine 15 May 20 Phase I/II CHN SARS-CoV-2 Biology, Chinese (NCT04470609) vaccine Academy of Medical Sciences BBV 152 Bharat Biotech Whole-virion inactivated 14 July 20 Phase I/II IND (CTRI/2020/07/026300) Protein-based (including recombinant protein, virus-like particle, peptide-based) NVXCoV2373 Novavax Stable, prefusion protein, includes 25 May 20 Phase II AUS, USA, ZAF MatrixM™ adjuvant (NCT04368988) SCB-2019 Clover Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 19 Jun 20 Phase I AUS Biopharmaceuticals trimeric S protein subunit vaccine (NCT04405908) Recombinant Anhui Zhifei Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBD 22 Jun 20 Phase II CHN new coronavirus Longcom protein subunit vaccine (NCT04466085) vaccine (CHO cell) Biopharmaceutical/ IMCAS Covax-19 Vaxine Pty/Medytox Recombinant SARS-COV-2 spike 01 July 20 Phase I AUS protein with Advax-SM adjuvant (NCT04453852) UQ-1-SARS-CoV- University of Recombinant SARS-COV-2 spike 13 July 20 Phase I AUS 2-Sclamp Queensland/CSL protein ‘molecular clamp’ plus (ACTRN12620000674932p) MF59 adjuvant Coronavirus-like Medicago Plant-derived virus-like particle 13 Jul 20 Phase I CAN particle COVID-19 with/without ASO3 or CPG1018 (NCT04450004) vaccine adjuvant EpiVacCorona FBRI SRC VB Synthesized peptide antigens of 27 Jul 20 Phase I/II RUS VECTOR SARS-CoV-2 proteins (NCT04527575) Soberana 01 Instituto Finlay de RBD with adjuvant 24 Aug 20 Phase I/II CUB Vacunas (IFV/COR/04) Recombinant Sichuan University Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 28 Aug 20 Phase I CHN SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Sf9 cell) (ChiCTR2000037518) vaccine Adjuvanted Sanofi / GSK Recombinant protein-based S Sep 20 Phase I/II USA recombinant protein vaccine together with (NCT04537208) protein-based ASO3 vaccine *The table includes candidates that have started dosing the first patient. The candidates are ordered by platform and the start date of the first phase I trial. The data is from 3 September 2020; see Supplementary Box 1 for details. aAPC, artificial antigen-presenting cell, DC, dendritic cell; LNP, lipid nanoparticle; RBD, receptor-binding domain. .