NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) Sewerage Project, Acronyms & Abbreviations Hajipur AAA AUWSP : Accelerated Urban Water Supply Programme ASP : Activated Sludge Process BBB BOD : Biochemical Oxygen Demand BUDA : Bihar Urban Development Authority BUIDCO : Bihar Urban Infrastructure Development Corporation CCC CDP : City Development Plan CPHEEO : Central Public Health and Environment Engineering Organization CWR : Clear Water Reservoir CSP : City Sanitation Plan DDD DPR : Detail Project Report GGG GAP : Ganga Action Plan GIS : Geographical Information System GoI : Government of India GoB : Government of Bihar i NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) KKK kW : Kilo Watt kWH : Kilo Watt Hour LLL Lac Lit : Lac Liters LPCD : Liters Per Capita Per Day MMM MLD : Million Liters per Day Ml : Million Liter M : Meter mm : Millimeter NNN NGRBA : National Ganga River Basin Authority NRCD : National River Conservation Directorate NRCP : National River Conservation Programme OOO O&M : Operation & Maintenance OHSR : Overhead Service Reservoir P PHED : Public Health Engineering Department PPP : Public Private Partnership Q ii NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) QA&QC : Quality assurance & quality control S SLNA : State Level Nodal Agency SPS : Sewage Pumping Station STP : Sewage Treatment Plant SBR : Sequential Batch Reactor U UD&HD Urban Development & Housing Department ULB : Urban Local Body/Bodies W WSP : Waste Stabilisation Pond iii NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) SEWERAGE PROJECT , HAJIPUR UNDER NGRBA (NATIONAL GANGA RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY ) VOLUME I : MAIN REPORT Chapter No Particulars C-1 Project Background C-2 Project Town C-3 Design Criteria C-4 Existing Infrastructure C-5 Population projection C-6 Proposed Sewerage System C-7 Wastewater Treatment Process C-8 Treatment Plant Design C-9 Project Cost C-10 Funding & Implementation C-11 Operation & Maintenance C-12 IEC Activities & Capacity Building iv NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) SEWERAGE PROJECT , HAJIPUR UNDER NGRBA (NATIONAL GANGA RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY ) VOLUME II : ANNEXURES ANNEXURE Annexure No Particulars A-1 General Standards for discharge of environmental pollutants A-2 Population projections A-3 Hydraulic Design of Sewer network A-4 Design of Sewage Treatment Plant A-5 Design of Pumping Main A-6 Design of Wet well & Pumping Stations A-7 Structural Design of Sewers A-8 General Abstract of Cost A-9 Cost Estimates & Rate Analysis A-10 Income & Expenditure Statement of Hajipur ULB A – 11 Operation & Maintenance Cost A - 12 Minutes of 1st meeting of ESC of NGRBA dated 05-02- 2010 A – 13 NRCD - Revised Guideline for preparation of DPRs for conservation of Rivers & Lakes v NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) SEWERAGE PROJECT , HAJIPUR UNDER NGRBA (NATIONAL GANGA RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY ) VOLUME III : DRAWINGS DRAWINGS SN Drawing No Particulars 1 BR/NGRBA/SWG/HAJIPUR/01 Map and State of Bihar showing Hajipur District 2 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/02 Town Map of Hajipur 3 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/03 Town map showing wards & ward wise population 4 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/04 Comprehensive sewerage proposals 5 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/05 Town map showing sewer network 6 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/06 Typical sewer trench 7 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/07 Details of pipe bedding 8 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/08 Typical brick manhole Type ‘A’ 9 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/09 Typical brick manhole Type ‘B’ 10 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/10 Typical brick manhole Type ‘C’ 11 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/11 Typical brick manhole Type ‘D’ 12 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/12 Typical RCC manhole type E & F 13 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/13 Typical drop manhole 14 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/14 Typical Vent shaft arrangement 15 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/15 Typical house sewer connection vi NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) SN Drawing No Particulars 16 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/16 STP layout plan 17 BR/ NGRBA /SWG/HAJIPUR/17 Pumping Station vii NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) Sewerage Project, Table of Contents Hajipur Abbreviation i – iii Combined Contents iv - vii Table of Contents viii - xiii Executive Summary xiv – xviii Salient Features xix - xxii CHAPTER 1. PROJECT BACKGROUND 1 1.1. PROJECT BACKGROUND 1 1.2. ESC APPROVAL 2 1.3. RIVERS 3 1.4. RIVER GANGES 4 1.5. RIVER POLLUTION 5 1.6. NGRBA 6 1.6.1. KEY FEATURES OF THE NEW APPROACH OF NGRBA 6 1.6.2. KEY FUNCTIONS OF THE NGRBA 6 1.6.3. ‘P REPARATORY STEPS ’ AFTER SETTING UP NATIONAL GANGA RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY 7 1.7. DOCUMENT ORGANIZATION 9 CHAPTER 2. THE PROJECT TOWN 12 2.1. INTRODUCTION 12 2.2. THE STATE 12 2.3. THE DISTRICT 18 2.4. HISTORY 18 2.5. LOCATION 22 2.6. DEMOGRAPHY 22 2.7. CONNECTIVITY 23 2.8. FACILITIES 23 2.9. TOURIST LOCATIONS 25 CHAPTER 3. DESIGN CRITERIA 29 3.1. THE MANUAL OF SEWERAGE AND SEWAGE TREATMENT (S ECOND EDITION ) 29 3.2. DESIGN PERIOD 29 viii NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) 3.3. GROUND WATER INFILTRATION 31 3.4. FLOW FORMULAE 31 3.5. VARIATION IN FLOW 32 3.6. PIPE MATERIAL 32 3.6.1. PRECAST CONCRETE (PC) PIPES : 32 3.6.2. VITRIFIED CLAY PIPES : 33 3.6.3. PLASTIC PIPES : 34 3.6.4. DI PIPES 34 3.7. THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SEWERS 35 3.8. MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM SEWER PIPE SIZES 35 3.8.1. MINIMUM SEWER SIZES 35 3.8.2. MAXIMUM SIZES OF SEWERS 36 3.9. NORMAL MINIMUM DEPTHS FOR SEWERS 36 3.10. MANHOLE DESIGN AND SPACING 37 3.10.1. MANHOLE DESIGN 37 3.10.2. MANHOLE SPACING 38 3.11. FLOW CAPACITY OF SEWERS 39 3.12. SEWAGE SEPTICITY & VENTILATION 39 3.13. SEWAGE PUMPING STATIONS AND PUMPING MAINS 40 3.13.1. GENERAL 40 3.13.2. RECOMMENDATIONS 40 3.13.3. PUMPING MAINS 41 3.14. SEWER CROSSINGS 42 CHAPTER 4. EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE 43 4.1. EXISTING WATER SUPPLY 43 4.1.1. EXISTING ARRANGEMENTS 43 4.2. EXISTING STORM WATER DRAINAGE FACILITIES 44 4.2.1. RIVER GANDAK 44 4.2.2. EXISTING DRAINS 45 4.3. EXISTING SEWERAGE SYSTEM 46 4.3.1. SANITATION METHODS 46 4.3.2. COMMUNITY TOILETS 47 4.3.3. NEED OF THE PROJECT 47 CHAPTER 5. POPULATION PROJECTION 49 5.1. HISTORICAL TREND 49 5.2. CENSUS 2001 52 5.3. POPULATION PROJECTIONS METHODOLOGY 54 5.4. POPULATION PROJECTION 55 5.5. MICRO LEVEL POPULATION PROJECTION 57 ix NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) CHAPTER 6. PROPOSED SEWERAGE SYSTEM 59 6.1. INTRODUCTION 59 6.2. PROPOSED SEWERAGE ZONES 59 6.3. PROPOSED NETWORK LAYOUT 61 6.4. DESIGN OF SEWERAGE NETWORK 62 6.5. STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SEWER PIPES 64 6.5.1. LOAD PRODUCING FORCES 64 6.5.2. SUPPORTING STRENGTH OF RIGID CONDUIT 65 6.5.3. LOAD FACTORS FOR DIFFERENT CLASSES OF BEDDING 66 6.5.4. TECHNO -ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 66 CHAPTER 7. WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS 68 7.1. GENERAL 68 7.2. SEWAGE CHARACTERISTICS 68 7.2.1. IMPORTANT PARAMETERS 69 7.2.1.1. pH value 69 7.2.1.2. Solids 69 7.2.1.3. Nutrients 69 7.2.1.4. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 70 7.2.1.5. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 70 7.2.2. EXISTING WATER /W ASTEWATER CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 70 7.2.2.1. Drinking Water Characteristics 71 7.2.2.2. Wastewater characteristics 71 7.2.3. ADOPTED INFLUENT QUALITY 72 7.2.4. EFFLUENT STANDARDS 73 7.3. TREATMENT PROCESSES 74 7.4. SELECTION OF TREATMENT PROCESS 74 7.4.1. STABILIZATION PONDS 74 7.4.1.1. Aerobic ponds 75 7.4.1.2. Anaerobic ponds 75 7.4.1.3. Facultative Ponds 75 7.4.1.4. Disadvantages 76 7.4.2. AERATED LAGOONS 76 7.4.2.1. Aerobic Lagoons 76 7.4.2.2. Facultative Aerated Lagoons 77 7.4.3. UPFLOW ANAEROBIC FILTER PROCESS (UASB) 78 7.4.4. ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS 79 7.4.5. CYCLIC ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS /S EQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR (CASP/SBR) 81 7.4.6. CONCLUSION 85 CHAPTER 8. TREATMENT PLANT DESIGN 88 x NGRBA Detail Project Report Sewerage Project, Hajipur (Bihar) 8.1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION 88 8.1.1. RECEIVING OF RAW SEWAGE (I NLET CHAMBER ) 88 8.1.2. COARSE AND FINE SCREENING 88 8.1.3. RAW SEWAGE PUMPING AREA 89 8.1.4. FINE SCREENING CHANNELS 89 8.1.5. DE-GRITTING 89 8.1.6. FLOW MEASUREMENT 90 8.1.7. SBR / CYCLIC ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS 90 8.1.8. CHLORINATION SYSTEM 90 8.1.9. SLUDGE HANDLING SYSTEM 90 8.2. TREATMENT PLANT CAPACITY 91 8.3. STP UNITS 91 8.3.1. RECEIVING CHAMBER 92 8.3.2. COARSE SCREEN CHANNELS 93 8.3.3. RAW SEWAGE PUMPING 94 8.3.3.1. Sump and Pumps 94 8.3.4. MECHANICAL FINE SCREEN AND CONVEYOR 96 8.3.5. GRIT REMOVAL UNIT 97 8.3.6. FLOW MEASUREMENT 98 8.3.7. DIVISION BOX 98 8.3.8. CYCLIC ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS / SBR PROCESS WITH DIFFUSERS AND AIR BLOWERS 98 8.3.8.1. Process Design 99 8.3.8.2. Decanting Device 99 8.3.8.3. Aeration System 100 8.3.8.4. Return Sludge and Excess Sludge Pumps 101 8.3.8.5. Automation and Control 103 8.3.9. SLUDGE HANDLING SYSTEM 103 8.3.9.1. 10.1 Sludge Sump and Pump House 104 8.3.9.2. Sludge Transfer Pumps and Mixing Blowers 104 8.3.9.3. Mechanical Dewatering Unit: 105 8.3.9.4. Polyelectrolyte Dosing: 107 8.3.10.