Phonetics and Phonology of Regressive Voicing Assimilation in Russian Native and Non-native Speech Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Samokhina, Natalya Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 29/09/2021 04:59:37 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194543 PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY OF REGRESSIVE VOICING ASSIMILATION IN RUSSIAN NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE SPEECH by Natalya Y. Samokhina _____________________ Copyright © Natalya Y. Samokhina 2010 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the GRADUATE INTERDISCIPLINARY PROGRAM IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND TEACHING In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2010 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Natalya Y. Samokhina entitled Phonetics and Phonology of Regressive Voicing Assimilation in Russian Native and Non-native Speech and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________________________________________________________________ Date: Diane Ohala _______________________________________________________________________ Date: Natasha Warner _______________________________________________________________________ Date: Michael Hammond _______________________________________________________________________ Date: _______________________________________________________________________ Date: Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. ________________________________________________ Date: Dissertation Director: Diane Ohala ________________________________________________ Date: Dissertation Director: Natasha Warner 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED: Natalya Y. Samokhina 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank my dissertation committee chairs, Natasha Warner and Diane Ohala for their support, encouragement and generosity of time. I would also like to thank Mike Hammond for his insightful and thought-provoking comments. My thanks also go to John Leafgren for being available to answer my numerous questions about the Russian language. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Naomi Ogasawara and Ben Tucker for their help with statistics and Praat. I would also like to thank all my native and non-native speaking subjects for participating in my study. In addition, I would like to thank my dearest friends at Trinity College. Thank you Julia Goesser for your unconditional support and help with multiple rounds of proofreading. Thank you Andrea Scapolo for listening to my continuous whining and being there for me in times of crisis. 5 DEDICATION To my parents, Nadezhda and Yuriy Samokhin. This work would have not been possible without your love, support and confidence in me. Моим родителям , Надежде и Юрию Самохиным , посвящается . Эта работа не состоялась бы без вас . 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………..14 LIST OF TABLES AND TABLEAUX……………………………………………...18 ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………….21 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION………………………………………….…….22 1.0. Introduction …………………………………………………………………...22 1.1. Regressive voicing assimilation as a general phenomenon …………………..24 1.2. Voice contrast in Russian ……………………………………………………..25 1.2.1. Basic facts …………………………………………………………………..25 1.2.2. RVA in Russian L2 ……………………………………………………….26 1.3. Research objectives …………………………………………………………...27 1.4. Previous research ……………………………………………………………..31 1.4.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………31 1.4.2. Temporal cues to [voice] …………………………………………….…...32 1.4.3. Voice neutralization ……………………………………………………...35 1.4.3.1. Voice neutralization in word-final position …………………………35 1.4.3.2. Voice neutralization in word-internal obstruent clusters …………...37 1.4.3.3. Summary …………………………………………………………….39 1.4.4. L2 phonetics ……………………………………………………………...40 1.4.4.1. L1-L2 phonetic transfer ……………………………………………...41 1.4.4.2. Summary ……………………………………………………………..45 1.5. Conclusion …………………………………………………………………….48 7 CHAPTER TWO: REAL-WORD PRODUCTION EXPERIMENT………………..49 2.0. Introduction …………………………………………………………………...49 2.1. Methods ……………………………………………………………………….50 2.1.1. Subjects ………………………………………………………………...…50 2.1.2. Materials …………………………………………………………………52 2.1.3. Procedure ………………………………………………………………...55 2.2. Analysis ……………………………………………………………………….56 2.2.1. Measurements ………………………………………………………….…56 2.2.1.1. Segment duration …………………………………………………….57 2.2.1.2. Voicing proportion …………………………………………………..58 2.2.1.3. VOT ………………………………………………………………….59 2.2.1.4. Data analysis …………………………………………………...……60 2.3. Results ……………………………………………………………………...…60 2.3.1. Duration of the first consonant in the cluster (C1) ………………………62 2.3.1.1. C1 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiced environments……… ……………………………………………………..……62 2.3.1.2. C1 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiceless environments……………………………………………………………………….…65 2.3.1.3. Summary ……………………………………………………………..67 2.3.2. C1 voicing proportion ……………………………………………………68 2.3.2.1. C1 voicing proportion in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiced environments …………………………………………………………………69 2.3.2.2. C1 voicing proportion in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiceless environments …………………………………………………………….……72 2.3.2.3. Summary ……………………………………………………………..75 2.3.3. Duration of the second consonant in a cluster (C2) ……………...……..75 8 2.3.3.1. C2 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiced environments …………………………………………………………………76 2.3.3.2. C2 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiceless environments ………………………………………........................................79 2.3.3.3. Summary ……………………………………………………………..81 2.3.4. Voicing proportion of the second consonant in a cluster (C2) …………..82 2.3.4.1. C2 voicing proportion in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiced environments …………………………………………………………….……82 2.3.4.2. C2 voicing proportion in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiceless environment …………………………………………………………………..85 2.3.4.3. Summary ………………………………………………..…………....86 2.3.5. Voice Onset Time (VOT) of the second consonant in a cluster (C2) …….86 2.3.5.1. C2 VOT in fricative-stop clusters in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully- voiced environments ………………………………………………………….87 2.3.5.2. C2 VOT in fricative-stop clusters in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully- voiceless environments ……………………………………………………….89 2.3.5.3. Summary ……………………………………………………………..90 2.3.6. Duration of the vowel preceding a cluster (V1) ………………………….91 2.3.6.1. V1 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiced environments …………………………………………………………………92 2.3.6.2. V1 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiceless environments …………………………………………………………………94 2.3.6.3. Summary ……………………………………………………………..96 2.3.7. Duration of the vowel following a cluster (V2) …………………………..97 2.3.7.1. V2 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiced environments …………………………………………………………………98 2.3.7.2. V2 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiceless environments …………………………………………………………………99 2.3.7.3. Summary …………………………………………………...…….…100 9 2.4. Discussion …………………………………………………………………...101 2.4.1. Conclusion ………………………………………………………………105 CHAPTER THREE: NONSENSE-WORD PRODUCTION EXPERIMENT……..106 3.0. Introduction ………………………………………………………………….106 3.1. Methods ……………………………………………………………………...107 3.1.1. Subjects ………………………………………………………………….107 3.1.2. Materials ………………………………………………………………..107 3.1.3. Procedure ……………………………………………………………….109 3.2. Analysis ……………………………………………………………………...110 3.2.1. Measurements …………………………………………………………...110 3.3. Results ……………………………………………………………………….110 3.3.1. Duration of the first consonant in the cluster (C1) ……………………..111 3.3.1.1. C1 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiced environments ………………………………………………………………..111 3.3.1.2. C1 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiceless environments ……………………………………………………………......113 3.3.1.3. Summary ……………………………………………………………115 3.3.2. C1 voicing proportion …………………………………………………..116 3.3.2.1. C1 voicing proportion in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiced environments …………………………………………………………….....117 3.3.2.2. C1 voicing proportion in assimilating-to-voiceless vs. fully-voiceless environments ……………………………………………………...………..119 3.3.2.3. Summary ……………………………………………………………122 3.3.3. Duration of the second consonant in a cluster (C2) ……………………123 3.3.3.1. C2 duration in assimilating-to-voiceless