THE ARTS This PDF document was made available CHILD POLICY from www.rand.org as a public service of CIVIL JUSTICE the RAND Corporation. EDUCATION ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT Jump down to document6 HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit NATIONAL SECURITY research organization providing POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY objective analysis and effective SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY solutions that address the challenges SUBSTANCE ABUSE facing the public and private sectors TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY around the world. TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Support RAND WORKFORCE AND WORKPLACE Purchase this document Browse Books & Publications Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore RAND Arroyo Center View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND PDFs to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND PDFs are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND mono- graphs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. Supporting Training Strategies for Brigade Combat Teams Using Future Combat Systems (FCS) Technologies Michael G. Shanley, James C. Crowley, Matthew W. Lewis, Ralph Masi, Kristin J. Leuschner, Susan G. Straus, Jeffrey P. Angers Prepared for the United States Army Approved for public release; distribution unlimited The research described in this report was sponsored by the United States Army under Contract No. W74V8H-06-C-0001. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Supporting training strategies for brigade combat teams using future combat systems (FCS) technologies / Michael G. Shanley, [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-8330-4020-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Soldiers—Training of—United States. 2. Military education—United States. 3. United States. Army—Reorganization. I. Shanley, Michael G., 1947– U408.3.S86 2007 355.5'2—dc22 2006100819 The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research organization providing objective analysis and effective solutions that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors around the world. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. R® is a registered trademark. © Copyright 2007 RAND Corporation All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from RAND. Published 2007 by the RAND Corporation 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2665 RAND URL: http://www.rand.org/ To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Email: [email protected] Preface In the years and decades to come, maneuver brigades equipped with Future Combat Systems (FCS) technologies will face complex and wide- ranging operational challenges. To continue to be successful, train- ing strategies must be capable of rapid evolution and be designed to provide comprehensive support for mission and training requirements generated by changing operating environments, evolving advanced organizational and operational concepts, and emerging joint warfight- ing imperatives. This report provides the results of a project designed to identify options for improving support to the Army’s future train- ing strategies for Brigade Combat Teams (BCTs) equipped with FCS technologies. The work was sponsored by the Unit of Action Maneu- ver Battle Lab (UAMBL) within the Army’s Training and Doctrine Command. This study first identifies increases in future Army training requirements balanced against current training capabilities. It then assesses an array of planned enhancements designed to support the future Army training strategy, and identifies gaps between require- ments and likely achievements. Finally, the study analyzes ways to address the gaps found and recommends actions that should be given priority in the next round of resourcing decisions. The work will be of interest to those involved in training development, training strategies for maneuver units, training system integration, and training transfor- mation. Outside of the training realm, this report will be of interest to researchers involved in force readiness, technology assessment, and acquisition. iii iv Supporting Training Strategies for BCTs Using FCS Technologies The research was carried out in RAND Arroyo Center’s Man- power and Training Program. RAND Arroyo Center, part of the RAND Corporation, is a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the United States Army. The Project Unique Iden- tification Code (PUIC) for the project that produced this document is DAPRRY007. For more information on RAND Arroyo Center, contact the Director of Operations (telephone 310-393-0411, extension 6419; fax 310-451-6952; email [email protected]), or visit Arroyo’s web site at http://www.rand.org/ard/. Contents Preface ............................................................................. iii Figures ............................................................................. xi Tables .............................................................................xiii Summary ..........................................................................xv Acknowledgments .............................................................xxix List of Acronyms ............................................................. xxxiii CHAPTER ONE Introduction ....................................................................... 1 Overview of Army Training Strategy............................................ 2 Training in Three Domains....................................................... 2 Army Force Generation (ARFORGEN) Readiness and Training Strategy.............................................................. 5 Approach Used in This Study..................................................... 5 Organization of This Report...................................................... 6 CHAPTER TWO Change in Army Training Requirements .................................... 9 Sources of Changed Training Requirements ................................... 9 Expanding Operational Requirements ........................................ 9 New Operational Concepts....................................................10 New Organizational Designs..................................................11 New Operational Technology .................................................12 Army Force Generation Model................................................16 Training Demands of the New Requirements ................................18 v vi Supporting Training Strategies for BCTs Using FCS Technologies Training Implications of Changing Operational Requirements ..........18 Training Implications of FCS BCT Organizations and Operational Concepts ................................................................... 20 Training Implications of Modernization ................................... 22 Training Impacts of Spiral-Outs ............................................. 23 Training Implications in Critical Task Areas............................... 24 Training Implications of ARFORGEN ......................................25 Implications for Design of New Training Strategies ........................ 27 CHAPTER THREE Challenges for Current Army Force Training Strategies.................29 Content and Output of Unit Training Programs 2001–2002 .............. 30 Findings: 2001–2002 Heavy Unit Training Program Content .......... 30 Findings: 2001–2002 Light Infantry Training Program Content ....... 36 Findings: 2001–2002 Unit Training Program Output.....................37 Heavy BCT Training Programs Since FY02 ..................................39 Summary of Divisional Post-OIF Training and Readiness Programs....41 Findings Post-2002 Training ................................................. 50 Implications for Design of New Training Strategies......................... 54 CHAPTER FOUR Method for Identifying and Assessing Planned Training System Enhancements ..............................................................59 Training Enhancements Identified..............................................59 Approach for Evaluating Training Enhancements ............................61 CHAPTER FIVE Assessment of Planned Live Training System Enhancements...........67 Current Live Training Capabilities and Challenges ..........................67 Live Training Capabilities .....................................................67 Live Training Challenges ......................................................70 Proposed Live Training Enhancements ........................................78 Proposed Enhancements, Likely Benefits,