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Please do not assume that a book's appearance in 'The Builder' library means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe. The Webmaster AM' HISTORICAL ACCOUNT O. THB ANCIENT CULDEES OF IONA, AND 01' THEIR. SETTLEMENTS IN r.. \: .~i SCOTLAND, ENGLAND, AND IRELAND . "'!-rl BY JOHN JAMIESON, D. D. F. R. s. &, F. A.s. E. .:~\l \~"_J. U: I:. I/ EDINBURGH: I~. f lJ pal_un po. ~j. i\": ~.i oj \ \ \L JOHN BALLANTYNE AND COMPANY, HANOVER-STREET, ....D LONGMAN, HURST, BEES, ORME, AND BROWN, AND C. JAMESON, PATERNOSTER-ROW, LONDON. f . 1811. THENEWYORK PUBLIC U8RAKT .................,,'oe. -..:.'.0. AltO 1.7.. EDINBURGH: Printed by James Ballantyne & Company, • W HEN the autho~ engaged in this disquisition, it was not with the remotest idea of writing a book on the subject. His sole design was to col- lect a few materials, to be afterwards thrown to- gether, so as to form an article in a literary work, to which he had promised to contribute. But, from the contradictory assertions of learned and able writers, concerning the Culdees; from the variety of topics regarding their history or cha- racter, which demanded particular attention ; and from the indispensable necessity, in an inquiry of thi~ kind, of producing original authorities; he soon found, that it was in vain to think of giving any tolerable account of this celebrated society within the usual limits of an essay. Various dif- , iv l'REPACE. ficulties have occurred, indeed, in the progress of this investigation. But, in consequence of perse- vering in it, he has had the satisfaction of meet.. ing withfacts, which seem to have been formerly overlooked; and he flatters himself that he has been able to set some others in a new light. Although far from thinking that the work can be free from mistakes, he is conscious that he has done all in his power fairly to exhibit the testi- II mony of antiquity on this' subject. If it shall ap- pear to the candid reader, that the author has in t any measure elucidated this obscure, but import .. i ant, branch of our ancient history, he will not re.. gret his labour. Edinburgll, January 20, 1811. ..~ .... CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. OftAt Namt, Culdtes.-Conjectures til to its Origin.-Of tAtfirst preaching of tM GoSpel in North Britain.-Of th« Mwion of Palladius.-Iona the princi- pal &at of the Culdees.-&id to hace been the immediate Successors of tie ~~. S CHAPTER 11. O!the coming of Columba into Britain.-CuTSOrg Yiew of his Life and Charae- ttr.-Ta be distinguishtd from .Abhot Columban.-Of the Island oj lona.-Of the Druids.- The Doctrine of tAe Culdets, and their Mode cf Li'L,ing. - ]9 CH~PTER Ill. Ofthe EcclesitUticalGooemmenr cf the Cultkes.-TAe Account gi'Dtnof thu by Bede.-Hofl} explained b!J BUhop Llo!Jd.-Of Sodora.-Whether a Bulwp at- 'll)aysresidedat Hii.-Ushtr'. Testimon!Jfrom the Annal. of Ulster.-GoodaU'. RtalO1lingon thia Head, 84 CHAPTER IV. Account of tlu Eccksitutical Gooernment of the CuldttS continued.-Of the Mis- riOD of Rulwp Aida" to the Northumbriam.-Mutralwatiom ill the mOtk,.. Englith Yer.ion of Betk.-Of the Semores at Iona.-Whtther the Term denoted BWwps, or Presbyters'-Whdher the Culdean G(1Oernmentresembledthat of CI VI CONTENTB. Modem Unrotrsitg 'I-Of Gillan', Reaaoning.-lftlu EpiM:opalMiaionaritl to NorthumlJ:ia flJtre amenable to tke College of lana ? 57 CHAPTER Y. Continuation of the .Account of the Ecclaitutical GcnJermlltnt of llu Culdm.- Bi- Mop Lloyd'. Yiew of t~ Drdination of Finan..-Of that of Colmon.-Btth', Jlccount of the Ordinati()1Jof .Aidara.-Of the Episcopate oj' (;edd.- Of th« (;011- ",ersion of the Sarons by the 8co".- TeJtimo,"I oj ,he Sazon Chronicle. - 8i • CllAPTER 171. Of the principal Seats of the CuldLts.-Or .I1btrnethy.-Antiquity oj tAi, Founda- tion-qr St nridget.-Whether Abernethy mtl' a Bishopric 1-0f tlte Unicer- lily here.- Of the Collegiate Church>« Propert_'I of the Abbey given to that of 4.berbrotJwc.-CcntlrOfJmy on tm, Read.-Temporal Lord. of Abemet~. 105 CHAPTER rtt. Monaltery of Culdets at LoclJe'Cin.-OJ St Seif.-Donations.-Librarg.-FOUII- dation at Dunkeld.- Beliques of St Columba transportedthither.- Of the Pri- macy ascribed to it.-The ~lemory of Columba long held in f"eneration there.- M01U1stic &a1.-CuIJetl at St Andrtte •.-Of &gulta.-OfCmutantine.-En- dotvmentI oj the Priory.-lf originaU, the &Gt of (J BWwp' 131 CllAPTER rut. Of the Culdee3 of Brechin.- Whelw tM:!! merely rorutituted the Episcopal Coop- ter '1- Of tlwte at Drmblane.- Of t~ IUppOItd FOJmdatimtet Mutlul.- Of that l( Monimruk.-CaJdm at PorhMak,-&one,-KirlccalJy,-Culroa,- Mail- ~. 152 CHAPTER IX. Of the Monasteries of CrulllY and Oromay.-OJ GO'Dan;-Abercorn ;-Inch- colM;- Tyningham ;-4berlody;-and Coldinglaam.-Of the firlt MiaionarieB '0 the Orlmej lli4nd..-Ciwchtl tlnd C/uzptlI dediCIJted to St Columba. ]75 CQNTENTS. CH~PTER x. Of the OppoAtion of the Culdees to the RomUh Stptem.-Testimony of Bede i-« Of Con ;-of Alcuin ;-of Bromt01l ;-Of Auricular Confession ;-tlu! Ton~ lUre ;-Matk of Baptima ;-the Real Presmu ;-IdolatroUII JtOrahip ;-Super;. .rogation ;-tM MQIJ ;~Celibaty ·-Culdus not considfrm Q. Brethren by tIM Ro- fila,""" 198 CH~PTER XI. 'I'M Judgment of the AdAerent. of Rome coneemillg the CulJka.-Of t1ae Synod of Stroneshalch.-Of Colman and Adomnan.-Governmtnt not the only Ground of Difference with the &manists.-Charge brought bg Rickard of HUhaM against the Scots.-Character given of the Cuidees by Dr Hen1'!J.- Of the Synod ofCealhythe.-Their Character asgi-oen b}JGiMon.-Of Clemens, Samson, and Yirgilius.-Speech of Gilbert Murra}J. 220 CHAPTER XII. Of the Suppresnon of the Culdtts.-Meam employed for thi« Purpose.-Their Promotion to 1;Jishoprics.-Increase of Episcopal Sees.-Prefirence gi11en to Fo- reigners-Introduction of Canons ,..Regular ;-at St Andrews ;-Lochlevill;- Dunkeld ;-Brechin.-Con'Vention between Bishop Malvoisin and the CuldeeJ of Monimusk.-.Remarks on it. ~ 1-7. CHAPTER XIII. Suppreaion of the Culdees at St A1ulre1lJS.-Preparato"!/ Measures adopted flJitA this Yitrv.- Their ContrO'VeT9with the Canons Regular as to St Marys Church.- Remarks on Goodall's Account of this.-State of the Culdees at lOM.-Their Subjection to the Autlwrit'l of Rome, and Ezpulsion of those 'Wilo u;ere refrac- .tor}J.-Oj the Translation of t~ Reliques of Adomnan, and of Columba. 277 CHAPTER XIY. Of the Library at Iona.-Accout given of it b}J Pennant, from Boece.-Cawa assignedfor its Detruction ;- DevastatioIU by the Danes i-by Edward I. ;-by the Reformers ;-h}J Cromwell ;-during the Period of Perstculion.-Books, formerlJl belonging to it, said to be still"qtant.-T~ Culdees preserved till about 11 viii CONTENTS. 1M n.e the Lollardl (JppetJred.-Of the IUfomuJtion ill Scotland; flJAdIaer btj -BiI/wpI ,- Of tlaosecalhd Superintendmt,. 801 CHAPTER· XY. Objldionl comidered.- The rupposed I"cOftlirtmcy of the Mo"," of lema mu1ing BUIaop" or lmprobabililtj of tMir being applied to for such a MiIsitm, if un- friendly to tM Order.- TAe CuUkeJ said to haw bem mert/y the EpUcopal CIIIlp- I~ of t~ Dioc~ in tdaich tMy ruided.- .Aaerted, tAat tAere tM"t fIft)tf' Q"'J CuI- dea at Iona; or flJithin the Territona of the .A"cierd Scots; and that they made lMir firrl AppeartlRU at St Arulrt:fIJI. SiS A.PPBNDIX. 861 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT, &ic. THERE is no portion of the Scottish history, which has a higher claim to attention, than that which respects the Culdees. Nor are the natives of Scotland alone interested in it. Wbatever be the peculiar influence of national attach- ment, or of local connection, this is a subject which merits the regard of all who bear, the name of Protestants.