THE CONFLICT OF THE CHARACTERS IN DICKENS A CHRISTMAS CAROL A THESIS Submitted of the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Hasanuddin University In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements to Obtain A Graduate Degree In English Department By: SABRI RESKIAWAN F21113037 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF THE CULTURAL SCIENCES HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY MAKASSAR 2017 i ii iii iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Alhamdulillahi rabbil ‘alamin, the researcher expresses his highest gratitude to Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala for blessing, love, opportunity, health, and mercy to complete this undergraduate thesis. This undergraduate thesis entitled A Christmas carol is submitted as the final requirement in accomplishing undergraduate degree at Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Hasanuddin University. In arranging this thesis, a lot of people have provided motivation, advice, and support for the researcher. In this valuable chance, the researcher intended to express his gratitude and appreciation to all of them. First, the researcher’s deepest appreciation goes to his beloved parents, his Hasmiati for the endless love, pray, and support, and his father Supriadi for the phone call every week in order to remind me to keep going and never giving up. The researcher presents his sincere appreciation goes to Prof. Dr. Akin Duli, MA. as the dean of Faculty of Cultural Sciences Also this thesis would not have been possible without the help, support and patience of my first advisor, Drs. Raden SM. Assagaf, M.ED for his supervision, advice, and guidance from the very early stage of this research as well as giving me extraordinary experiences throughout the past few years. Then to his second advisor Drs. Husain Hasyim, M. Hum who has helped him patiently finishing this undergraduate thesis by giving suggestion, guidance, and correction until the completion of this thesis. My gratitude also goes to my beloved aunty Mipta Kurniawan for every support in any form especially for letting me stay at your house for a couple of month. I am sorry that I rarely visited your home recently. Also to the entire brothers and sisters of ETCETERA 13 who cannot be mentioned here one by one. Finally, I would like to thank everybody who was important to the successful realization of this undergraduate thesis. This undergraduate thesis is far from perfect, but it is expected that it will be useful not only for the researcher, but also for the readers. For this reason, constructive thoughtfull suggestion and critics are welcomed. Bulukumba, 26 October2017 Sabri Reskiawan v TABLE OF CONTENT FRONT PAGE .......................................................................................... i APPROVAL .............................................................................................. ii LEGITIMACY SHEET ............................................................................... iii AGREEMANT SHEET .............................................................................. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................... v TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................... vi ABSTRAK ................................................................................................ viii ABSTRACT .............................................................................................. ix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background ............................................................................ 1 1.2 Identification of the problems ................................................. 3 1.3 Scope of the problames ......................................................... 4 1.4 Research question .................................................................. 5 1.5 Objektive of the study ............................................................ 5 1.6 Sequence of presentation ...................................................... 5 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Previous study ......................................................................... 7 2.2 Structural approach ................................................................ 8 2.3 Structure of the novel ............................................................. 11 2.3.1 Character ........................................................................ 12 2.3.2 Plot .................................................................................. 15 2.3.3 Theme ............................................................................. 17 2.3.4 Setting ............................................................................. 18 2.3.5 Conflict ........................................................................... 20 vi CHAPTER III METODOLOGY 3.1 Metod of collecting data .......................................................... 23 3.2 Metod of analyzing data ......................................................... 24 3.3 Reseach procedure ................................................................. 24 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS 4.1 Structure of novel ................................................................... 25 4.1.1 Character ........................................................................ 25 4.1.2 Setting ............................................................................. 34 4.1.3 Theme ............................................................................. 35 4.1.4 Point of view ................................................................... 36 4.1.5 Plot .................................................................................. 36 4.1.6 Conflict ........................................................................... 40 4.2 How were the nature of scrooge trasformed? ...................... 41 4.3 What are the different amount the three spirit visited scrooge? ................................................................................................... 54 4.4 How does the time schem of a christmas carol function? .. 56 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1. CONCLUSION ................................................................................... 56 5.2. SUGGESTION ................................................................................... 61 BIBLIBIOGRAFI APPENDIXS vii ABSTRAK SABRI RESKIAWAN. NIM F21113037. The Conflict Of The Character In Dickens A Christmas Carol. (dibimbing oleh Raden S.M Assagaf dan Husain Hasyim). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah, yang pertama adalah mengilustrasikan sifat Scrooge yang bertransformasi, yang kedua menganalisis berbagai sifat ketiga roh, dan yang terakhir menjelaskan skema fungsi waktu A Christmas Carol. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan strukturalisme yang berfokus pada setting dan karakter. Penulis juga menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan untuk mendapatkan data pendukung melalui buku referensi, jurnal dan artikel lainnya yang terkait dengan penelitian ini. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini membuktikan, pertama sifat karakter utama yang semula kikir, lalu berubah menjadi baik, karena adanya intervensi dari ketiga roh tersebut. Semangat pertama menunjukkan kehidupan Scrooge masa lalu bahwa sebelum Scrooge memiliki kehidupan normal seperti manusia biasa, roh kedua melihat tentang kehidupan yang sedang terjadi di sekitarnya. Semangat ketiga menunjukkan masa depan ketika sifatnya tetap sama. Kedua, perbedaan sifat dari tiga roh saat Scrooge dikunjungi, roh pertama adalah pencitraan hantu seperti muda dan tua, memerintah, mengalir dengan cahaya, roh kedua adalah sifat dermawan dari hantu ini tercermin dalam penglihatan berlimpah makanan. roh terakhir itu menakutkan dan mengerikan. roh itu tidak mengatakan sepatah kata pun kepada Scrooge, tapi roh meluncur dan menunjukkan adegan kepadanya. Dan ketiga fungsi waktu yang digunakan dalam A Christmas Carol mengacu pada kekhawatiran Dickens tentang inkonsistensi sementara yang menggarisbawahi kekuatan roh yang luar biasa. Jika mereka dalam keadaan biasa tidak akan berdampak pada perubahan sifat karakter utama, namun berbeda jika kejadiannya hanya terjadi dalam novel. viii ABSTRACT SABRI RESKIAWAN. NIM F21113037. “The Conflict of The Character In Dickens A Christmas Carol”. Thesis. Faculty of letter, English department, Hasanuddin University. (Supervised by Raden S.M Assagaf, and Husain Hasyim). The purpose of this study are to illustrate the nature of transformed scrooge, analyze the different traits among the three spirits visited by temptation, and explain the time function scheme of A Christmas Carol. The writer uses a structuralism approach that focuses on setting and character. The writer also uses library research to obtain supporting data through reference books, journals and other articles related to this research. The data that have been obtained, then analyzed using qualitative method. The study reveals firstly that the nature of the main character who initially miserly, then turned into good because of the intervention of the three spirits. The first spirit show the life of the Scrooge past that before the Scrooge had a normal life like an ordinary human being, the second spirit looked about the life that was going on around it. The third spirit shows the future when its nature remains the same. Secondly the difference in the nature of the three spirits when visited Scrooge, the first spirit is the ghost imaging like young and old, commanding, streaming with light, the second spirit is the generous nature of this ghost is reflected in the abundant vision of food, the last spirit is frightening and eerie. It doesn't say a word