Yearbook of Muslims in Europe Yearbook of Muslims in Europe Volume 3 Editor-in-Chief Jørgen S. Nielsen Editors Samim Akgönül Ahmet Alibašić Hugh Goddard Brigitte Maréchal LEIDEN • BOSTON 2011 Published with the support of This book is printed on acid-free paper. ISSN 1877-1432 ISBN 978 90 04 20516 1 Copyright 2011 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. CONTENTS The Editors .......................................................................................... xi Editorial Advisers .............................................................................. xiii Foreword ............................................................................................. xv PART I COUNTRY REPORTS Edited by Jørgen S. Nielsen, Ahmet Alibašić and Brigitte Maréchal Introduction ........................................................................................ 3 Country Surveys Albania ............................................................................................ 7 Olsi Jazexhi Armenia .......................................................................................... 21 Sevak Karamyan Austria ............................................................................................. 31 Thomas Schmidinger Azerbaijan ....................................................................................... 45 Bayram Balci and Altay Goyushov Belarus ............................................................................................. 59 Daša Słabčanka Belgium ........................................................................................... 69 Nadia Fadil Bosnia and Herzegovina .............................................................. 93 Aid Smajić Bulgaria ........................................................................................... 113 Aziz Nazmi Shakir and Ina Merdjanova Croatia ............................................................................................. 127 Dino Mujadžević Cyprus ............................................................................................. 137 Ali Dayıoğlu and Mete Hatay Czech Republic .............................................................................. 153 Štěpán Macháček vi contents Denmark ......................................................................................... 165 Brian Arly Jacobsen Estonia ............................................................................................. 181 Egdūnas Račius Finland ............................................................................................ 187 Tuomas Martikainen France .............................................................................................. 197 Anne-Laure Zwilling Georgia ............................................................................................ 219 Satenik Mkrtchyan Germany ......................................................................................... 233 Mathias Rohe Greece .............................................................................................. 255 Konstantinos Tsitselikis Hungary .......................................................................................... 269 Norbert Pap Iceland ............................................................................................. 277 Göran Larsson Ireland ............................................................................................. 285 Victoria Montgomery Italy .................................................................................................. 303 Stella Coglievina Kosovo ............................................................................................. 321 Besa Ismaili Latvia ............................................................................................... 335 Egdūnas Račius Liechtenstein .................................................................................. 343 Thomas Schmidinger Lithuania ......................................................................................... 349 Egdūnas Račius Luxembourg ................................................................................... 357 Sylvain Besch Macedonia ...................................................................................... 365 Muharem Jahja Malta ................................................................................................ 375 Martin R. Zammit Moldova .......................................................................................... 383 Aurelia Felea Montenegro .................................................................................... 395 Sabina Pacariz contents vii Netherlands .................................................................................... 401 Martijn de Koning Norway ............................................................................................ 419 Christine M. Jacobsen and Oddbjørn Leirvik Poland .............................................................................................. 433 Agata S. Nalborczyk and Stanisław Grodź Portugal ........................................................................................... 447 Nina Clara Tiesler Romania .......................................................................................... 459 Irina Vainovski-Mihai Russia ............................................................................................... 471 Elmira Akhmetova Serbia ............................................................................................... 493 Srđan Barišić Slovakia ........................................................................................... 513 Štěpán Macháček Slovenia ........................................................................................... 521 Christian Moe Spain ................................................................................................ 529 Jordi Moreras Sweden ............................................................................................ 545 Göran Larsson Switzerland ..................................................................................... 559 Stéphane Lathion Turkey ............................................................................................. 569 Ahmet Yildiz Ukraine ............................................................................................ 583 Elmira Muratova United Kingdom ............................................................................ 595 Seán McLoughlin PART II ANALYSIS Edited by Samim Akgönül and Jørgen S. Nielsen Deconstructing Luther’s Islam: The Turk As Curse or Cure? ... 619 Ian Almond viii contents Interpreting Islamic Law for European Muslims: The Role and the Work of the European Council for Fatwa and Research .... 655 Karen-Lise Johansen Karman Measuring the Muslim: About Statistical Obsessions, Categorisations and the Quantification of Religion ................ 695 Riem Spielhaus PART III BOOK REVIEWS Edited by Hugh Goddard and Samim Akgönül The Last Shall Be the First—Or How the Study of Islam and Muslims in the Nordic Countries Could Be More Developed ... 719 Göran Larsson Two Faiths, One Banner: When Muslims Marched With Christians Across Europe’s Battlegrounds. By Ian Almond. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009 (Dženita Karić) .............................................................................. 726 History of Islam in German Thought: From Leibniz to Nietzsche. By Ian Almond. London: Routledge, 2009 (Dženita Karić) .............................................................................. 727 Islam in Victorian Britain: The Life and Times of Abdullah Quilliam. By Ron Geaves. Markfield: Kube, 2010 (Hugh Goddard) ............................................................................ 729 Muslims in Britain, An Introduction. By Sophie Gilliat-Ray. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010; Muslims in Britain: Race, Place and Identities, Ed. Peter Hopkins and Richard Gale. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009 (Philip Lewis) ................................................................................. 731 Muslims in Europe: A Report on 11 EU Cities. Open Society Institute. New York, London, Budapest: Open Society Institute, 2010 (Jørgen S. Nielsen) ............................................. 734 Anti-Muslim Prejudice: Past and Present. Ed. by Maleiha Malik. Abingdon: Routledge, 2010 (Hugh Goddard) ............. 737 Shari‘a as Discourse: Legal Traditions and the Encounter with Europe. Ed. Jørgen S. Nielsen and Lisbet Christoffersen. Farnham/Burlington: Ashgate, 2010 (Göran Larsson) ........... 739 Nach dem Islamismus: Eine Ethnographie der Islamischen Gemeinschaft Milli Görüş. By Werner Schiffauer. Berlin: Suhrkamp Verlag, 2010 (R. Spielhaus) ...................................... 742 contents ix The New Orientalists: Postmodern Representations of Islam