Indigenous Peoples Plan Project Number: 41220-013 May 2019 PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project Community Management Plan of Dacalan Ancestral Domain Prepared by Dacalan Ancestral Domain of Kalinga for the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 31 May 2019) Currency unit = philippine peso ₱1.00 = $0.01917 $1.00 = ₱52.1710 NOTE In this report, “$” refers to United States dollars. This community management plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ii Table of Contents I. Executive Summary ..................................................................................................... 1 II. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 III. Description of the Barangay ......................................................................................... 1 A. Narrative Description of the Domain ......................................................................... 2 B. Topography ............................................................................................................... 8 C. Access To Resources .............................................................................................. 10 D. Management of Natural Resources ......................................................................... 21 IV. Self Governance and Empowerment ......................................................................... 22 A. Economic and Socio-Cultural Development ............................................................. 22 B. Justice System ........................................................................................................ 32 a. Indigenous Political Structure ............................................................................ 32 b. Decision Making Process and Consensus Building ........................................... 35 c. Conflict Resolution Mechanism ......................................................................... 36 d. IP and the Barangay Government ..................................................................... 38 e. Mutal Help System and Sharing ........................................................................ 41 V. Social Justice and Human Rights ............................................................................... 42 A. Education Profile ..................................................................................................... 42 B. Employment ............................................................................................................ 45 C. Health, Nutrition and Sanitation Profile .................................................................... 46 D. Social Welfare Profile .............................................................................................. 48 f. Housing and Ownership .................................................................................... 48 g. Social Infrastructures ......................................................................................... 48 E. Infra-Structure and Utilities Profile ........................................................................... 49 VI. Cultural Integrity ......................................................................................................... 51 A. Core Values............................................................................................................. 51 a. Paniyaw ............................................................................................................ 51 B. Life Cycle (from Womb to Tomb) ............................................................................. 54 C. Rituals ..................................................................................................................... 59 D. Arts and Crafts ........................................................................................................ 64 E. Indigenous Games .................................................................................................. 72 F. Bibilog/ Tudtudak ..................................................................................................... 74 G. Specialized Functions Practices in Relation To Observance Of Rituals ................... 74 H. Religious Belief and Cosmology .............................................................................. 75 I. Measuring the Lapse of Time .................................................................................. 76 J. Dacalan Clans – History .......................................................................................... 77 VII. The Challenges We Face ......................................................................................... 79 iii VIII. The Legacy We Seek to Create ................................................................................ 81 IX. Development Needs of the Dacalan ICCs and their Ancestral Domain ....................... 82 A. Promote Sustainable Watersheds ........................................................................... 82 B. Protect and Enhance Water Quality and Quantity .................................................... 83 C. Protect and Promote Traditional and Customary Practices ...................................... 83 D. Facilitate Public Participation, Education, and Project Implementation .................... 83 X. Protecting the Domain ................................................................................................ 85 A. Recognition of the Bugis and Ancestral Lands ......................................................... 85 B. Strict Enforecement of the Free Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) ....................... 85 C. Regulatory Instruments ........................................................................................... 86 D. Increased Access and Representation to Legislative and Development Bodies in the Municpality and Province Through the Indigenous Peoples Mandatory Representative (IPMR) ............................................................................................................................. 86 E. Documentation/Protection/Promotion Of Traditional Knowledge and Customary Laws to be Integrated Into Sustainable Development Strategies .............................................. 86 F. Indigenous Peoples Education ................................................................................ 87 G. Establishment of Indigenous Educational Institutions Necessary for the Protection and Transmission of Traditional Knowledge .................................................................... 87 List of Tables Table 1: Area Location and General Utilization ................................................................... 12 Table 2: Water Body and its Utilization ................................................................................ 16 Table 3: Household Distribution by Source Energy for Lighting ........................................... 17 Table 4: Household Distribution by Source of Energy for Cooking ...................................... 18 Table 5: Indigenous Tree Species ....................................................................................... 18 Table 6: Other Forest Plant Species for Household and Handy Craft .................................. 18 Table 7: Food Plant Species ............................................................................................... 19 Table 8: Wild Fruits ............................................................................................................. 19 Table 9: Common Bird Species ........................................................................................... 20 Table 10: Commonly Known Wild Animals .......................................................................... 20 Table 11: Commonly Known Water /Aquatic Species (Edible) ............................................ 21 Table 12: Household Population by Size ............................................................................. 22 Table 13: Distribution of Population by Age Group and Sex ................................................ 22 Table 14: Population Distribution by Sitio ............................................................................ 23 Table 15: Dependency Ratio ............................................................................................... 23 Table 16: Distribution of Population by Marital Status ......................................................... 24 Table 17: Population Distribution on Dialect Spoken ........................................................... 24 Table 18: Household Income Source and Classification ...................................................... 24 Table 19: Household Distribution by Annual Income ........................................................... 25 Table 20: Household Distribution by Average Annual Expenditure .....................................