JAERI-Review 2000-031 Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute A-p»PnifYt>-fr{i, n^uf-timn^m%mm^m%mmM (T319-1195 f- (=f 319-1195 This report is issued irregularly. Inquiries about availability of the reports should be addressed to Research Information Division, Department of Intellectual Resources, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken T 319-1195, Japan. CO Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 2001 JAERI-Review 2000-031 £22 ** (2000^ 10 E 23 -^) T. Oft. Hft lc ICANS •. T319-H95 £ttfta&nvxfttta£&tii 2-4 JAERI-Review 2000-031 Outline of Spallation Neutron Source Engineering Noboru WATANABE* Center for Neutron Science Tokai Research Establishment Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken (Received October 23, 2000) Slow neutrons such as cold and thermal neutrons are unique probes which can determine structures and dynamics of condensed matter in atomic scale. The neutron scattering technique is indispensable not only for basic sciences such as condensed matter research and life science, but also for basic industrial technology in 21 century. It is believed that to survive in the science- technology competition in 21 century would be almost impossible without neutron scattering. However, the intensity of neutrons presently available is much lower than synchrotron radiation sources, etc. Thus, R&D of intense neutron sources become most important. The High-Intensity Proton Accelerator Project is now being promoted jointly by Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, but there has so far been no good text which covers all the aspects of pulsed spallation neutron sources. The present review was prepared aiming at giving a better understanding on pulsed spallation neutron sources not only to neutron source researchers but also more widely to neutron scattering researchers and accelerator scientists in this field. The contents involve, starting from what is neutron scattering and what neutrons are necessary for neutron scattering, what is the spallation reaction, how to produce neutrons required for neutron scattering more efficiently, target-moderator-reflector neutronics and its engineering, shielding, target station, material issues, etc. The author have engaged in R&D of pulsed apallation neutron sources and neutron scattering research using them over 30 years. The present review is prepared based on the author's experiences with useful information obtained through ICANS collaboration and recent data from the JSNS (Japanese Spallation Neutron Source) design team. Keywords: Neutron Scattering, Spallation Sources, Pulsed Neutron Sources, Target, Moderators, Neutronics, Neutronic Performances, Shielding, Material Issues Scientific consultant JAERI- Review 2000-031 1 . ^tt^ttft^+tt^iR 1 1 . 1 ftt^ttfttli (•€•©««) 1 1 . 2 *t£^f&Sl& ! 1 . 3 ttt^ttaicsfcRfcttt* 6 1 . 4 *1$^»SL<D0iJ 10 2 . &®#£i£lCj;3*1W£j&4)Mg 20 2 . 1 <Bj»tttt*+tt?-Sij&» 20 2 . 2 &®#&/£<hli 20 2. 3 ffiJTOTOfflgi:+£*»£$&* 24 2. 4 <5Jtt»?tf-Aj&> 26 2 . 5 ftWf-I*^*- 26 2. 6 &®#lCj;3*te^iRa<D«ll&{ii 26 2 . 7 8«ftft*1£?iR(Dtta 29 2. 8 rp&^mcDm&mm® 29 3. ^It^f&fe^-yy h --i-hP-^X(D«K^ 31 3. 1 ^-y^y hl¥«ktt 31 3 . 2 ^^14^-iR* 31 3. 3 *-*fy h^T<D^4f 14^-(0^PB1^^ 33 3 . 4 iiattt^H^lRl^fli 35 3. 5 aai+tt?©^-yy h^att^tt 35 3. 6 m^*te.=Ffe$l<D*-?V *•*&&&'& 35 3 . 7 tfU-^©SIffiI 35 3. 8 9-fy h*»6©3ia+tt^^^^ hJU 39 3. 9 H^IWRflStmttt^m^-y-;/ h • S*M*fel»fltfFt!fe 43 4 . tflz-^-a-hP-^XroHl 48 4. 1 txU-*<DSiiJ 48 4. 2 *1^*^ HU 50 4. 3 Jftf It?*'** h;i><fc«ftt^il* 52 4 . 4 JH^tt^/W^flDBSIBttflJ 54 4. 5 4imm*i±?n 56 4. 6 j*#**©fttt 58 4. 7 ^-yyh-€fl/-^i^ 60 4. 8 ix.nxivt>wi7iz/!HLnfaa'M/ ^FiiecjasTzy\/ — ^ 60 JAERI-Review 2000-031 4. 9 txU-*tf>7K-ry->;7 62 4. 1 0 ?l/txU-*tt!S££§ytxU-* 62 4. 1 1 ftftfctxl'-* 67 5. 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Neutron Scattering and Neutron Source 1 1 . 1 What is Neutron Scattering ? 1 1 .