TERMINAL REPORT Surveys and Measurement Technologies for Flood Control, Mitigation and Management Systems Project 3: Modeling of Flashflood Events Using Integrated GIS and Hydrological Simulations Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City (Implementing Agency) Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development Department of Science and Technology (Funding Agency) June 2013 i Summary Program Title: Surveys and Measurement Technologies for Flood Control, Mitigation and Management Systems (SMTFCMMS) Project Title: Project 3: Modeling of Flash-flood Events using Integrated GIS and Hydrological Simulations Project Leader: Engr. Jojene R. Santillan Program Leader: Dr. Enrico C. Paringit Research Staff: Engr. Roseanne V. Ramos (SRAssist.: May – Nov. 2011; SRS I: Nov. 2011 – March 2012; SRS II: April 2012 – March 2013; RAssoc. I: April – June 2013) Ms. Girlie David (URA I: July 2012 – March 2013) Ms. Sabrina M. Recamadas (URA I: July 2012 – March 2013) Engr. Rudolph L. Peralta (URA I: July 2012 – March 2013) Engr. Edgardo Macatulad (SRS I: May – Nov. 2011) L2 Project Staff: Ms. Ellen Cruz-Ignacio (May 2012 – March 2013) Engr. Jessie Linn P. Ablao (May 2011 – May 2012) Engr. Louie P. Balicanta (May 2011 – May 2012) Implementing Agency: Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City Duration of the Project: Year 1: April 1, 2011 – March 30, 2012 Year 2: April 1, 2012 – March 30, 2013; extended until June 30, 2013 Source of Fund: Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development, Department of Science and Technology (PCIEERD DOST) ii Acknowledgements The Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development – Department of Science and Technology (PCIEERD DOST) is gratefully acknowledged for the funding and numerous supports to the project. The numerical models were developed using spatial and meteorological data from various sources: - ASTI DOST, Project NOAH and MMDA‗s Enhanced Flood Control and Operation Warning System (EFCOS)- for the historical and near-real-time rainfall and water level data; - PHIVOLCS – for providing the MMEIRS 2004 Metro Manila Boundary and Elevation Datasets; - Collective Strengthening of Community Awareness for Natural Disasters (CSCAND) agencies for allowing us to use a portion of the Metro Manila LiDAR digital elevation dataset that was used as an important source of topographic information during model development; - National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA) – for the rectified ALOS AVNIR 2 satellite images and vector files of 1:50,000 topographic maps; - Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) for providing the Rainfall-Intensity Duration Frequency Curves (RIDFs) of the Science Garden Station; - Pasig River Tributaries Survey and Assessment Study Phase II – Hydrographic Surveys Component of the UP TCAGP – for providing reference control points and river bed surface points of San Juan River tributaries. ASTER GDEM Version1 used in this project is a product of METI and NASA. The contributions of the following individuals are also gratefully acknowledged: - Dr. Enrico C. Paringit, Program Leader of SMTFCMMS — for his numerous assistance to the project; - Ms. Nena Carina Espanola of ASTI-DOST — for allowing us to use and modify the AutoIT script necessary to automate HEC RAS; - Mr. Robert T. Mendoza of ASTI-DOST — for providing access to DSS and CSV files of water level and rainfall monitoring stations in Marikina River Basin; - Ms. Jenalyn Alconis of NIGS-UP Diliman — for allowing us to use and modify the Shape to KML python implementation of GDAL‘s ogr2ogr.exe - Engr. Jessie Linn P. Ablao, Engr. Edgardo Macatulad, Engr. Joemarie Caballero, Engr. Glenn C. Paraiso, Engr. Christopher Cruz, Engr. Gladys Mae Tumanda and all our field survey assistants — for their assistance in the hydrographic surveys. iii We also thank the administrative support and cooperation of the UP Department of Geodetic Engineering & Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry through its Chairman and Director, Dr. Ariel C. Blanco and its Administrative Officer, Ms. Ellen Cruz-Ignacio. The Project Leader, Engr. Santillan, extends his appreciation to all the project‘s personnel and staff for their important contributions in implementation and completion of this project. iv Table of Contents Summary .................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. iii Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................... v List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................ ix List of Tables ............................................................................................................................. x List of Figures .......................................................................................................................... xii Abstract .................................................................................................................................... xx Chapter 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 Background ............................................................................................................................ 1 Statement of the Problem ....................................................................................................... 2 Objectives ............................................................................................................................... 2 Significance ............................................................................................................................ 2 The Project Area..................................................................................................................... 3 Scientific Basis/Theoretical Framework ................................................................................ 5 Overview of Methodology ..................................................................................................... 6 Datasets Used ......................................................................................................................... 9 Expected Outputs ................................................................................................................... 9 Structure of this Report .......................................................................................................... 9 Chapter 2. Literature Review ................................................................................................... 11 Floods and Flash-floods ....................................................................................................... 11 Flood Modeling and Forecasting ......................................................................................... 12 Remote Sensing and GIS in Flood Modeling, Forecasting and Hazard Assessment ........... 14 Floods and Flood Modeling Studies in Marikina River ....................................................... 15 Chapter 3. Topographic and Hydrographic Data Collection, Processing and Analysis for Flood Model Development ...................................................................................................... 18 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 18 Establishment of Reference Control Points ......................................................................... 21 Procedures employed ........................................................................................................ 21 Results of control point establishment.............................................................................. 30 River and Floodplain Geometry Data Collection and Processing........................................ 37 v Bathymetric Surveys......................................................................................................... 37 Profile and Cross-Section Surveys ................................................................................... 53 Riverbed Surface Generation and Integration with 1-m LiDAR DEM ............................ 68 Collection and processing of other Elevation Datasets ........................................................ 75 Chapter Summary and Conclusions ..................................................................................... 80 Chapter 4. Land-cover Information Generation from Satellite Images for Flood Model Development ............................................................................................................................ 81 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 81 Land-cover mapping using ALOS AVNIR-2 Satellite Images ............................................ 81 Image Pre-processing ......................................................................................................