8/18/14% Is#Brunello#di#Montalcino#Italy’s#Greatest#Wine?# Jay#Youmans#CWE,#MW% Is#Brunello#di#Montalcino#Italy’s# Greatest#Wine?# • Where%it%is%located% • History% • Classifica6ons% • Quality%and%style%factors% • Regional%Zones%?% • Climate% • Soil% • Grape%&%Clones% • Styles:%Modern,%Tradi6onal,%and%in%between% • Tas6ng% • Italy’s%Greatest%Red%Wine?%% 1% 8/18/14% Where#is#Montalcino#located? Where#is#Montalcino#located? 2% 8/18/14% Other% Chian6% Firenze% Districts% Pisa% R.#Arno# CHIANTI%% CLASSICO% Tuscany% Siena% San%Guido% Perugia% BRUNELLO# DI#MONTALCINO# ELBA% L.#Bolsena# R.Tiber# T#Y#R#R#H#E#N#I#A#N## S#E#A# Rome% Frasca6% Torrenieri% Cas6glione%del%% %%%%%Bosco% Montalcino# Poggio%Civitella% Tavernelle% Camigliano% Castelnuovo% Dell’Abate% Sant’%Angelo%in%Colle% Sant’%Angelo%Scalo% 3% 8/18/14% GeYng%More%Oriented% Altesino Pian%delle%Vigne% Castelgiocondo% Valdicava% % Casanova% Biondi%San6% Argiano% Barbi% Banfi% Col%d’Orcia% History%of%Brunello%di%Montalcino:% [%14th%Century%[%the%first%recordings%of%red%Brunello%di%Montalcino% [%1865%–%the%first%vintage%of%Brunello%made%by%Clemente%San6.%% 7#The#Brunello#style#is#developed#by#Ferruccio#Biondi7SanA,#he% vinifies%his%Sangiovese%grapes%separately%from%the%other%varie6es,% and%does%extended%skin%contact...%% Ferruccio#Biondi#SanA% 4% 8/18/14% History#of#Brunello#di#Montalcino:# [%Biondi[San6%declared%only%four%vintages%[1888,%1891,%1925%and% 1945.%% [%The%high%price%and%pres6ge%of%these%wines%soon%encourage%other% producers%to%emulate%Biondi[San6's%success.%% [%By%the%1960s%there%were%11%producers%making%Brunello% [%1966%[%Brunello%di%Montalcino%granted%% Denominazione#di#Origine#Controllata#(DOC)## status.## History#of#Brunello#di#Montalcino:! 7#1970#–#25#producers# 7#1980#7#53#producers.## 7#1980#7#Montalcino#reGion#was#the#first#Italian#wine#reGion#to# be#awarded#Denominazione#di#Origine#Controllata#e#GaranAta# (DOCG)#designaAon.## [%Age%of%Investment%% [Banfi :%Poggio%alle%Mura% [Frescobaldi:%Castel% Giocondo% [Allianz:% Campogiovanni% [Cinzano :%Argiano% [Angelo% Gaja:%Pieve%Santa%Res6tuta% [Illy :%Mastrojanni% [Piero %An6nori:%Pian%delle%Vigne% 5% 8/18/14% ITALY’S WINE CLASSIFICATION DOCG7#Denominazione#di#Origine#Controllata#e# GaranAta# DOC[%Denominazione%di%origine%controllata IGT7#Indicazione#geografica#Apica VDT - Vino da Tavola History#of#Brunello#di#Montalcino:! [#Prior#to#1980,#it#was#leGal#to#blend#up#10%#wine#from#other# Zones.## [%No% chapaliza6on%was%allowed,%but%you%could%add% concentrated%musts,%high%in%sugar,%to%increase%your%alcohol%up% to%2%.%% [%1991%–%The%aging%requirement%in%wood%is%reduced%from%3%½% years%to%3.% [1996%–%The%laws%formally%state%producers%can%use%oak%of%any% size%or%type.% [1998%[%The%aging%requirement%in%wood%is%reduced%from%3% years%to%2.%% 6% 8/18/14% History#of#Brunello#di#Montalcino:! 7#2000#7#200#producers#of#Brunello#di#Montalcino# [%2008%[%producers%in%the%Consorzio%overwhelmingly%voted%to% keep%Brunello%100%%Sangiovese,%prohibi6ng%the%addi6on% addi6on%of%other%varie6es.%% [%In%2011%[%they%also%affirmed%that%% Rosso%di%Montalcino%would%con6nue%% to%be%100%percent%Sangiovese.%% 7#2014#–#258#producers#of#Brunello#di#Montalcino% 2008%[%Brunellopoli%or%"Brunellogate":% Brunellopoli%is%the%name%given%by%Italian%press%for%a% scandal%involving%producers%of%Brunello%di%Montalcino% under%suspicion%of%wine%fraud,%first%reported%by%Italian% wine%journalist%Franco%Ziliani%and%American%wine%cri6c% James%Suckling%of%Wine#Spectator.% 7% 8/18/14% MONTALCINO WINES Brunello di Montalcino DOCG Rosso di Montalcino DOC Moscadello di Montalcino DOC SantAntimo DOC I.G.T. Toscana Rosso%di%Montalcino%[DOC% • 100%%Brunello%(Sangiovese)% • 6%months%aging%in%oak%and%1%year%total%aging%before% release% • Established%in%1984%as%a%means%of%giving%Brunello% di%Montalcino%producers%a%wine%that%could%be% released%earlier.%% • Rosso%di%Montalcino%is%typically%lighter,%fresher%and% more%approachable%upon%release%% 8% 8/18/14% Brunello%di%Montalcino%DOCG% • 100%%Brunello%%%(Sangiovese)% • 2%years%aging%in%cask%or%barrel%(oak%or%chestnut)% – "in#bo^e"7large#Slavonian#oak#casks#that#impart#li^le#oak#flavor#and# Generally#produce#more#austere#wines.## – French#Barrique## • 2%years%in%boole% • 4%years%before%release%(Riserva%5%years)% • may%not%be%sold%before%January%1%of%the%5th%year%following% the%harvest% How%long%is%Brunello%aged?% Based!on!2006!vintage# Category Total Aging Wood Bottle Release Date Rosso Min. 12 mos Optional Optional January 2008 Brunello Min. 48 mos Min. 24 mos Min. 4 mos. January 2011 Riserva Min. 60 mos Min. 24 mos Min. 6 mos. January 2012 9% 8/18/14% Quality%&%Style%Factors:% • Grape%(clone)% • Soil% • Loca6on% • Al6tude% • Vintage% • Yeast%(inoculated%or%Indigenous)% • Harvest%Parameters% • Machine%or%Manual%Harvest% • Oak:%Type,%Size,%and%Length% 10% 8/18/14% Sangiovese% • Sangiovese:%Blood%of%Jove%% • 11%%of%all%Italian%% plan6ngs% • Found%in%17%of%the%20% Italian%Regions% • Mandated%in%88%DOC/ DOCG% • Top%10%grapes%in%the% world% Sangiovese%=%Brunello?% • Brunello%means%brown% • Sangioveto%Grosso?%No,%it%is%not%that%simple!% 11% 8/18/14% Wine#Grapes% • Vouillamoz%and%others% found%Sangiovese%to%be%a% Ciliegiolo%(chilia[jollo)%x% Calabrese%Montenuovo% crossing%(Southern%Italy)% • Is%it%related%to%10%grapes% including:%Catarrato,% Frappato,%Gaglioppo,%and% Nerello%Mascalese.% Na6ve%Wine%Grapes%of%Italy% • Ian%D’Agata%asks:% • Is%Ciliegiolo%one%of%the% parents%of%Sangiovese,% or%is%Sangiovese%a% parent%of%Ciliegiolo?%% 12% 8/18/14% Characteris6cs%of%Sangiovese% • Sangiovese%is%light%in%color% • There#are#5#anthocyannins:%malvin,%petunin,% delphin,%cyanin,%and%peonin% • Grapes%high%in%cyanin,%and%peonin,%such%as% Nebbiolo%and%Sangiovese,%are%easily%oxidixed,%and% are%lighter%in%color.% • Sangiovese%lacks%acylated%anthocyanins[%unlike% Cabernet%Sauvignon%&%Merlot% • So%a%wine%that%contains%more%than%1[2%%%acylated% anthocyanins%is%not%100%%Sangiovese%% Clones% • 102%registered%Clones%(600%es6mated)% • Biondi%San6:%BBS[11% • Col%d’Orcia%clones:%SG[CDO[4%and%5,%and%8% • Tenute%Silvio%Nardi%Clones:%SN:%1,%2,%3,%4%and%5.% • 2000%Chian6%Classico%Project% • T[19%(Tebano)%&%R[24%are%Emilia[Romagna% clones% • Banfi:%Janus%50,%Janus%10,%and%BF%30% 13% 8/18/14% Clones% • In%1982,%Castello%Banfi%started%a%joint%project% with%the%University%of%Milan% • 600%different%Sangiovese%clones%% • Selected%180%and%then,%auer%the%micro% vinifica6on%of%these%clones,%they%selected%15%% • Backbone%&%Structure% • Aroma6c%% • Fruit% 14% 8/18/14% • Ruby%Color% • notes%of%violets,%cassis,% black%pepper%and% tobacco.%% • Dark%Color%with%purple% hues%% • Structure% • Violets,%ripe%fruit,%tart% cherries%with%hints%of% smoke.%% 15% 8/18/14% • Dark%Color% • Red%fruits,%plums,%cherries% %%%%blackberries%licorice,% tobacco%and%black%olives.% %%%Tannins%are%thick,%silky,%and% rich%% Soil%Types% • Galestro%Soil?% • Very%diverse%in%terms%of%soil%types% • Above%300%meter%calcareous%of%the%soil%in%many% parts%of%the%appella6on.%% • Banfi%es6mates%they%have%29%different%soil%types% in%their%vineyards% 16% 8/18/14% schist#and#sandstone,#generally## loose#and#rich#in#shale.# sand#with#clay# Calcium## stony/galestro#soils## galestro,#graniMc,## volcanic,#clay#and#schist# iron#and#clay.% 17% 8/18/14% Climate% • Mediterranean% • Located%22%miles%from%the%sea,%which%lies%to% the%west,%just%above%the%arid,%hot%Maremma.%% • To%the%southeast%lies%the%highest%mountain%in% Tuscany—the%1734%meter%(m)%high%Mount% Amiata.%,%which%offers%protec6on%from%severe% storms%from%the%East%Coast.%% • Rainfall%is%lower%and%temperatures%are%higher% as%one%proceeds%north%to%south%in%Montalcino.%% 275#meters# `# 300#meters# Cooler#&#more#rain# 661#meters# `# 450#meters# Warmer#&#less#rain# 400#meters# 150#meters# 250#meters# .% 18% 8/18/14% Torrenieri% Cas6glione%del%% %%%%%Bosco% Montalcino# Poggio%Civitella% Tavernelle% Camigliano% Castelnuovo% Dell’Abate% Ocean%Influence% Sant’%Angelo%in%Colle% Sant’%Angelo%Scalo% Cool%Wind%from%the%South%East% Mount%Amiata%offers%protec6on%% BRUNELLO DI MONTALCINO D.O.C.G. Production regulation Production area: The communal territory of Montalcino Variety: Sangiovese (Named “Brunello” in Montalcino). Maximum yield of grapes: 8 tons per hectare. Obligatory ageing in wood: 2 years in oak casks Obligatory ageing in bottles: 4 months (6 months for the Riserva) Minimum alcohol content: 12,5% vol. Minimum total acidity: 5g/lt. Minimum net dry extract: 24 g/lt Bottling area: bottling must take place within the production area Sale on to the market: !January 1st of the 5th year after the grape harvest (January 1st of the 6th year for Reserve wines). Updated to 31/12/2012 19% 8/18/14% Caparzo#La#Casa# 275%meters% Silvio#Nardi#Winery% schist%and%sandstone,%loose%and% rich%in%shale.% La#Casa% Montalcino# Poggio#AnMco# 450%meters% calcareous%and%rocky%soils% Galestro%% Silvio#Nardi#Manachiara# 350%meters% Argiano# Sand%,clay,%calcium%% 250[300%meters% calcareous%and%rocky%soils%% Mastrojanni# Ciacci#Piccolomini# 350%meters% d’Aragona# marl,%shale,%sandstone% 300%meters% and%clay%soils%% Marl,clay% Col#d’Orcia#Riserva#Poggio#al#Vento## 150[300%meters%[%calcareous%and%rocky%soils%% 2004%Poggio%An6co%Brunello%di% Montalcino%“Altero”%% • Central%Zone%[450%meters% • About%32.5%hectares%are% under%vines%% • Sangiovese%on%calcareous% and%rocky%soils.% • owned%by%the%Gloder% family%of%Milan% 20% 8/18/14% 2004%Poggio%An6co%Brunello%di% Montalcino%“Altero”%% • 80[hectoliter%stainless%steel% tanks,%truncated[cone% shaped,%at%controlled% temperature,%which%never% exceeds%90%F.%% • Aged%in%500[liter%French%oak%