Creoles, their Substrates, and Language Typology Edited by Claire Lefebvre University of Quebec at Montreal John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam / Philadelphia Table of contents Preface ix Part I. Introduction The problem of the typological classification of Creoles 3 Claire Lefebvre Part II. Creoles spoken in Africa and in the Caribbean Edo influence on Santome: Evidence from verb serialisation 37 Tjerk Hagemeijer and Ota Ogie A Wolof trace in the verbal system of the Portuguese Creole of Santiago Island (Cape Verde) 61 Jiirgen Lang Substrate influences in Kriyol: Guinea-Bissau and Casamance Portuguese-related Creole 81 Alain Kihm One substrate, two Creoles: The development of segmental inventories in St. Lucian and Haitian 105 Anne-Marie Brousseau Substrate features in the properties of verbs in three Atlantic Creoles: Haitian Creole, Saramaccan and Papiamentu 127 Claire Lefebvre Assessing the nature and role of substrate influence in the formation and development of the Creoles of Suriname 155 Bettina Migge vi Creoles, their Substrates, and Language Typology African substratal influence on the counterfactual in Belizean Creole 181 Genevieve Escure Substrate features in Nicaraguan, Providence and San Andres Creole Englishes: A comparison with Twi 201 Angela Bartens Palenque(ro): The search for its African substrate 225 Armin Schwegler Part III. Creoles spoken in Asia Convergence-to-substratum and the passives in Singapore English 253 Bao Zhiming Tone in Singlish: Substrate features from Sinitic and Malay 271 Lisa Lim The Cantonese substrate in China Coast Pidgin 289 Umberto Ansaldo, Stephen Matthews and Geoff Smith Substrate influences in Mindanao Chabacano 303 Anthony P. Grant Negation in Ternate Chabacano 325 Eeva Sippola Aspect and directionality in Kupang Malay serial verb constructions: Calquing on the grammars of substrate languages 337 June Jacob and Charles E. Grimes Sri Lanka Malay and its Lankan adstrates 367 Umberto Ansaldo Dravidian features in the Sri Lankan Malay verb 383 Peter Slomanson Table ot contents VII Part IV. Creoles spoken in the Pacific Papuan Malay of New Guinea: Melanesian influence on verb and clause structure 413 Mark Donohue The influence of Arandic languages on Central Australian Aboriginal English 437 Harold Koch Roper River Aboriginal language features in Australian Kriol: Considering semantic categories 461 Jennifer Munro Substrate influences on New South Wales Pidgin: The origin of -im and -fela 489 Harold Koch Limits of the substrate: Substrate grammatical influence in Solomon Islands Pijin 513 Angela Terrill Substrate reinforcement and the retention of Pan-Pacific Pidgin features in modern contact varieties 531 JeffSiegel The copula in Hawai'i Creole English and substrate reinforcement 557 Sarah J. Roberts "On traduit la langue en francais": Substrate influence in the TMA system of Tayo 575 Barbara Sandeman Part V. Conclusion Creoles and language typology 599 Bernard Comrie Index of authors 613 Index of languages and language families 619 Index of subj ects 623.