October 1999 Brooklyn Academy of Music 1999 Next Wave Festival BAMcinematek Brooklyn Philharmonic 651 ARTS Jennifer Bartlett, House: Large Grid, 1998 BAM Next Wave Festival sponsored by PHILIP MORRIS ~lA6(Blll COMPANIES INC. Brooklyn Academy of Music Bruce C. Ratner Chairman of the Board Karen Brooks Hopkins Joseph V. Melillo President Executive Prod ucer presents in association with Universal Pictures Dracula: the Music and Film Running time: BAM Opera House approximately 1 hour October 26 and 27, 1999, at 7:30 p.m. and 25 minutes, with Original Music Philip Glass no intermission Performed by Philip Glass and Kronos Quartet Violin David Harrington Violin John Sherba Viola Hank Dutt Cello Jennifer Culp Conductor Michael Riesman Music Production Kurt Munkasci Scenery and Lighting Designer John Michael Deegan Sound Designer Mark Grey Producer Linda Greenberg Tour Management Pomegranate Arts © Dunvagen Music Publishers, Inc. Dracula: The Music and Film has been made possible with the generous support of Universal Family & Home Entertainment Productions, and Universal Studios Home Video. Technical support for the development of Dracula: The Music and Film was provided by The John Harms Center for the Arts, Englewood, New Jersey. Film sound equipment donated by Dolby Laboratories, Inc. Additional loud speakers provided by Meyer Sound Laboratories, Berkeley, California. 17 • • thp 1\/11 I,ir ~ nrl ~i Im Production Manager Doug Witney Aud io Engineer Mark Grey Production Stage Manager, Lighting Supervisor Larry Neff Company Manager Carol Patella Music Production Euphorbia Productions Stylist Kasia Walicka Maimone Assistant Stylist Stacy Saltzman Press Representation Annie Ohayon and Reyna Mastrosimone, Annie Ohayon Media (New York, New York) Kronos Quartet Managing Director Janet Cowperthwaite Associate Director Laird Rodet Technical Director Larry Neff Business Manager Sandie Schaaf Office Manager Leslie Mainer Assistant to Managing Director Ave Maria Hackett Record ing Projects Coord inator Sidney Chen PO. Box 225340, San Francisco, Calif. 94122-5340 Tel: (415) 731-3533; Fax: (415) 664-7590; www.kronosquartet.org Pomegranate Arts Worldwide Management for Dracula: The Music and Film Director Linda Greenberg Associate Director Alisa Regas Business Manager Kaleb Kilkenny 632 Broadway, Suite 902 New York, N.V. 10012 Tel: (212) 228-2221; Fax: (212) 475-0004; [email protected] Special Thanks Louis Feola, Robert Rubin, Suzie Peterson, Elizabeth Collins, Patti Jackson, Thomas Siegrist, Maria LaMagra, and Evan Fong at Universal Home and Family Entertainment; Robert Hurwitz, David Bither, Peter Clancy, Debbie Ferraro, Melanie Zessos, and Karina Beznicki at Nonesuch Records; David Rodrigues and Jerry Bakal, Michael Strong, Bill and Stella Pense, Tom Luddy, David Jones, David Sefton, Joseph Melillo, Karen Brooks Hopkins, Alice Bernstein, Randall Kline, and Michael Blachly Dracula: The Film Universal Studios presents Bela Lugosi in Dracula with David Manners, Helen Chandler, Dwight Frye, Edward Van Sloan Director Tod Browning Screenwriter Garrett Fort Based on the novel by Bram Stoker and from the play adapted by Hamilton Deane and John L. Balderston Producers Carl Laemmle Jr., Tod Browning Dunvagen Music Director Jim Keller Publishers, Inc. Associate Director Ramona Kirschenman 18 Synopsis Towering ominously among the shadows of the Carpathian Mountains, Dracula's castle strikes fear in the hearts of the Transylvanian villagers below. After a naive real estate agent succumbs to the will of the Count, the two head to London where the vampire hopes to stroll among respectable society by day and search for potential victims by night. The Man The real Dracula was the 15th-century Romanian prince, VI ad Tepes (a.k.a. Vlad the Impaler), who made a name for himself fighting the Turks and impaling his hundreds of enemies on stakes around his castles. Vlad Dracul, the son of a knight whose family crest of arms bore the Order of the Dragon, and the man upon whom the novel Dracula was based, was born in 1431. "Dracul" is the Romanian word not only for Dragon, but for the Devil. As a Voivode (Ruling Prince) of Wallachia, Dracul was a brilliant general who won the admiration of his countrymen for successfully defending the territory against the invading Turks. At the same time he proved to be a man of such cruelty that he became known as Tepes (The Impaler). It is not known for certain how Vlad Dracul met his end. Some believe that he was beheaded by the Turks during a battle near Bucharest in 1476. Others say that he was killed by his own men who claimed they mistook him for the enemy. Although his behavior was suspect, there appears to be no evidence of Dracula actually being a vampire during his lifetime. The Myth The Dracula the world has grown to love is the bloodthirsty Transylvanian vampire count conjured up by Irish writer Bram Stoker in the pages of the 19th-century Gothic horror novel Dracula: The Dread Lord of the Dead published in 1897. Hailed by critics as liThe Last of the Great Gothic Romances," Dracula caused a sensation among turn-of­ the-centu ry readers. ' Stoker, who never set foot in Transylvania, made a connection between Vlad Dracul and the peasant myths and folk songs that spoke of the "eternal vampire" and about devils that could take the form of bats and wolves. Stoker also incorporated the Romanian religious superstition that anyone who was excommunicated from the Eastern Orthodox Church could not die and was destined to roam the world as the "undead" until a stake was driven through his heart. From these legends arose the imaginary Count Dracula. The depiction in Universal's 1931 classic film starring Bela Lugosi has set the standard for all subsequent versions of the legend of Dracula. 20 Videocassettes of Dracula with original music written by Philip Glass and performed by the Kronos Quartet are available from Universal Studios Home Video. The DVD release, which also includes the original 1931 English and Spanish unscored versions, will be released in December 1999 from Universal Studios Home Video. www.universalstudios.com/home Dracula: Music by Philip Glass performed by Kronos Quartet is available on Nonesuch Records -©1931, 1999 by Universal Studios. All Rights Reserved. Philip Glass (composer) was born in Baltimore, one of the co-founders of that company), and Maryland, in 1937, and discovered music in most of it composed for his own performing his father's radio repair shop. Mr. Glass began group, the Philip Glass Ensemble. This period playing the violin at age six and became serious culminated in Music in 12 Parts, a four-hour about music when he took up flute at age eight. summation of Mr. Glass' new music, and the During his second year in high school he ensemble reached its apogee in 1976 with the applied and was accepted to the University of Philip Glass/Robert Wilson opera Einstein on Chicago, and, with his parents' the Beach, the 4-and-a-half-hour epic now seen encouragement, moved to Chicago, where he as a landmark in 20th-century music-theater. supported himself by waiting tables and loading airplanes. He majored in mathematics Mr. Glass' output since Einstein has ranged and philosophy. from opera to film scores to symphonic works to string quartets and music for dance and By the time he was 23 years old, Mr. Glass had theater pieces. Current and recent projects studied with Vincent Persichetti, Darius Milhaud, include two collaborations with Robert Wilson, and William Bergsma. He had rejected serial ism and preferred such maverick composers as Harry Partch, Charles Ives, Moondog, Henry Cowell, and Virgil Thomson, but had not yet found his own voice. Still searching, he moved to Paris and had two years of intensive study under Nadia Boulanger. In Paris he was hired by a filmmaker to transcribe the Indian music of Ravi Shankar into notation readable by French musicians and, in the process, discovered the techniques of Indian music. Mr. Glass promptly renounced his previous music and, began applying Eastern techniques to his own work. By 1974 he had composed a large collection of new music, much of it for use by the theater company Mabou Mines (Mr. Glass was 20A \AlOO' c:. \1\100 _ Monsters of Grace and White Raven; the third extensively with more than 100 concerts each and final piece in his operatic Cocteau trilogy, year in concert halls and clubs, and at jazz Les Enfants terribles, a dance/theater work with festivals throughout the United States, Canada, choreographer Susan Marshall, Heroes Europe, Japan, Mexico, South America, New Symphony; a new work based on the music of Zealand, Russia, Hong Kong, and Australia. David Bowie and Brian Eno also used for a Recent tours have included appearances at the ballet choreographed by Twyla Tharp; a film Concertgebouw in Amsterdam, Kennedy Center, score for Martin Scorsese's Kundun (Los Montreux Jazz Festival, Brooklyn Academy of Angeles Critics Award, Academy Award nomina­ Music, Moscow's Tchaikovsky Hall, Sydney tion, Golden Globe nomination and Grammy Opera House, Tanglewood, London's Royal nomination for best score); a large scale work Festival Hall, Teatro Colon in Buenos Aires, La for chorus, voice, and orchestra, Symphony No. Scala, Theatre de la Ville in Paris, and Chicago's 5 (Choral) ,commissioned by the Salzburg Orchestra Hall. Festival for August 1999; and most recently, original music for the film The Truman Show The Quartet records exclusively for Nonesuch directed by Peter Weir, and winner of the Records, and the catalogue includes Dracula: Golden Globe Award for best score. Music by Philip Glass (1999), Kronos Quartet - 25 Years (1998), Kronos Kronos Quartet (David Harrington, violin; John Quartet Performs Alfred Schnittke: The Sherba, violin; Hank Dutt, viola; Jennifer Culp, Complete String Quartets (1998), which cello), since its inception in 1973, has emerged received Grammy Nominations for Best as a leading voice for new work.