CTBUH Journal International Journal on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat Tall buildings: design, construction and operation | 2010 Issue IV Hong Kong International Commerce Centre The Vertical Living Kids Research Project Tuned Liquid Dampers for Slender Tall Buildings Greening Modernism: Westraven Tower Educational Studio: The Remaking of Mumbai (II) Tallest World Records Talking Tall: Dormitowers Editor's Message Editor It is with a mix of new ways for the Journal to inform and inspire Jan Klerks, CTBUH strong emotions that its readership. [email protected] I hand over the It was a great pleasure to see the Journal Associate Editors editorial reigns of the develop to its current level in such a short Zak Kostura, Arup CTBUH Journal to Jan [email protected] time. I am excited to transform my role into a Klerks from this Robert Lau, Roosevelt University liaison between the Journal and industry. As a [email protected] edition onwards. practicing structural engineer with Arup in Alongside the Antony Wood, CTBUH/Illinois Institute of Technology New York, I hope to offer perspectives and [email protected] sadness I feel ideas that will further enrich the content of the knowing that work pressures are now Journal. I look forward to my future work with Editorial Board preventing me from continuing as sole editor, I Ahmad Abdelrazaq, Samsung Corporation Jan in this role and offer him my full support as Hojjat Adeli, Ohio State University am delighted to stand at this particular he infuses the position of editor with his Mir Ali, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign vantage point and survey how tremendously unique understanding of (and curiosity in) the Richard W. Bukowski, Rolf Jensen & Associates, Inc. our publication has grown – in both size and Mahjoub Elnimeiri, Illinois Institute of Technology tall building industry. I would like to thank all Gary C. Hart, Weidlinger Associates stature – over the last three years. I will authors, co-editors, peer reviewers, Peter Irwin, RWDI continue my involvement within the editorial contributors and above all, the readers, who Tim Johnson, NBBJ board of the Journal. However the recent Gary Lawrence, Arup helped in making the Journal what it is today. Simon Lay, WSP Buildings Ltd. growth and lingering ambition embodied Sam Lee, Guangzhou Scientific Computing Consultants within the Journal calls for an editor who can Best Regards, Tony McLaughlin, Buro Happold invest what is needed to realize the potential Philip Oldfield, University of Nottingham Lester Partridge, Bassett Applied Research of this publication. I am pleased to pass the Jason Pomeroy, Broadway Malyan torch to Jan, who has been the CTBUH Swinal Samant, University of Nottingham Communications Manager for the past two Steve Watts, Davis Langdon LLP Zak Kostura Peter Weismantle, Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill years, and is a man with endless insight into Michael Willford, Arup Design & Layout Tansri Muliani Zak has done a 1970’s building can be turned into an example [email protected] tremendous job in of sustainable retrofit in 2010. Published by bringing the CTBUH Another great paper in this issue studies the The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat Journal to the level it © CTBUH 2010 ways in which kids experience the dense and ISSN: 1946-1186 is now, and it is both urban environment. In addition, Antony a pleasure and a Wood’s High-rise Studio at the Illinois Institute Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat challenge to present S.R. Crown Hall, Illinois Institute of Technology of Technology is thinking beyond the current 3360 South State Street a Journal which lives constraints to imagine and test the future of Chicago, IL 60616 up to the reputation tall buildings and urban habitat; the results of t: +1 312 567 3487 which he has helped create. I’m very much these studies are very thought-provoking. To f: +1 312 567 3820 looking forward to building upon the works of learn more about the emerging trend of tall e: [email protected] the past, while taking future opportunities to www.ctbuh.org dormitory towers, we invited a British report on relevant and timely topics such as developer to share some insights on bringing Copyright tall buildings, urban density, the urban habitat students back into the city by building student Copyright 2010 Council on Tall Buildings and Urban and sustainability. Habitat. All rights reserved. No part of this publication towers. may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any This Journal issue features all of these. The case means, electronic or mechanical, without permission in To conclude, I would like encourage all to writing from the publisher. study presents the supertall International provide feedback on specific articles or the Commerce Centre in Hong Kong, which is Journal by sending a Letter to the Editor. I am Image Copyright located on top of one of the busiest hubs of CTBUH Journal has endeavored to determine the looking forward to hearing from you. copyright holders of all images. Those uncredited have public transportation in the world. We also been sourced from listed authors or from within CTBUH have a look at some of the technical and Best Regards, stability implications of building tall and Print This Journal is printed by Source4, Chicago. slender in very dense, compact urban environments. The green redevelopment of Front cover: Hong Kong ICC, view from Hong Kong Island. Back cover: Hong Kong ICC Façade Detail. the Westraven Tower in Utrecht, the Jan Klerks © Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates Netherlands, also demonstrates how an old 2 | Editors' Message CTBUH Journal | 2010 Issue IV Visit www.ctbuh.org for more on the global tall building industry and Inside the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat News and Events Features 04 CTBUH Leader's Message 29 Letters 12 Case Study: International Commerce Centre atop rail stations such as New York’s Met Life the combination of strong central planning, a (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region “More than an iconic statement, the Hong Kong Building over Grand Central Station (1960) and powerful transit authority (Hong Kong’s MTRC), 2009). ICC’s success as a development stems Tim Johnson, CTBUH Trustee Feedback and Comments ICC fundamentally alters the way tall buildings more recently KPF’s JR Central Towers in and an innovative development culture. from is its seamless connections with Central, Nagoya, Japan (2002) established fundamental Hong Kong International Airport, and are seen today. Rather than just being objects in principles for integrating the tall building with mainland China via a network of high-speed transit. In Hong Kong, the practice has Kowloon Station Development rail, subway, buses, and ferry terminals (see isolation, transit integrated tall buildings achieved a level of integration and scale Sited above Kowloon Station, ICC is integrated Figure 1). Comprising over one million square without precedent. This is made possible by meters (10.77 million square feet) of built-up David Malott with a public transportation infrastructure that represent a sustainable model for future high- carries 11 million passenger journeys per day area on 135,630 square meters (1.46 million Author square feet) of reclaimed land, the Kowloon David Malott, Director rise development.” Station Development (KSD) is billed as a “super 05 CTBUH News and Events Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates PC Soaring 484 meters (1,587 feet) above Victoria Harbor, the International Commerce Centre transport city.” According to Sun Hung Kai 44 Tall Buildings in Numbers 6F,119 Madang Lu, Xintiandi Properties Group, the developer of ICC , “The Shanghai 200021, China (ICC) is the essence of Hong Kong in one destination: high-powered finance, global tourism, density of construction around the station t: +86 21 2326 7777 luxury shopping, and world-class hospitality, all gathered in a single tower built over a f: +86 21 2326 7788 sophisticated transportation network spanning the Pearl River Delta. reflects how modern rail can provide a catalyst www.kpf.com for the creation of a highly-compact and The iconic image of twin lighthouses on opposite shores of the harbor is underlined by the efficient ‘vertical city’ (Luk et al. 2003).” Antony Wood, David Malott Tallest World Records three-minute subway link between ICC, sited at the tip of Kowloon Peninsula, with the central David Malott specializes in the design and planning of supertall buildings and complex mixed-use business district across on Hong Kong Island. With the design of ICC, the Architects addressed KSD features nearly 675,000 square meters developments. With over 15 years of experience as an (7.27 million square feet) of high-rise residen- architectural designer and project director working on the challenge of bridging this divide, using expressive formal gestures and innovative projects throughout Asia, he has contributed to the firm’s technologies that connect the tower with Hong Kong’s mass transit infrastructure. tial and service apartments, 100,000 square strong presence in China, Japan, and Hong Kong. He was meters (1.07 million square feet) of retail, made a director of the firm in 2009. CTBUH Executive Director 232,500 square meters (2.50 million square Since joining KPF in 1998, David has served as Senior Poetry of Motion alternative of urban sprawl. Amongst feet) of class ‘A’ office space, and two hotels – Designer for some of the firm’s most recognized high-income societies, Hong Kong ranks as the achievements, including the 492-meter Shanghai World This case study explores the design of the the W and the Ritz-Carlton – the latter of which Financial Center, awarded the Best Tall Building Worldwide most efficient in annual per capita energy use building at three scales of connectivity. ICC, at is located at the top of ICC. This small city is by the Council of Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat in 2008, at 2,600 kgoe (kilograms of oil equivalent) and the 490-meter International Commerce Center in the macro level, forms part of a sustainable built entirely around Kowloon Station, linked Hong Kong.