ISSN-0972-6608 ISSN-0972-6608 MILLETS Annual Report 2019 ICAR-IIMR-Hyderabad : Annual Report 2019 ICAR-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MILLETS RESEARCH ICAR-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MILLETS RESEARCH Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, INDIA An ISO 9001-2015 Cerfied Instute Tel: 040-24599301 (Director); 24599300 (General); Email: [email protected] Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, INDIA www.millets.res.in www.millets.res.in Visitors IIMR Received ICAR's Sardar Patel Outstanding Instute Award-2018 Annual Report 2019 ICAR-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MILLETS RESEARCH Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, INDIA 1 IIMR-Annual Report 2019 ISSN-0972-6608 Correct Citation ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research 2019. Annual Report 2019. Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India 112 p. Editors Dr. R Madhusudhana Dr. PG Padmaja Dr. Deepika Cheruku Dr. KV Raghavendra Rao Dr. Vilas A Tonapi Photo Credits Mr. HS Gawali Published by Director ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research (IIMR) Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India Phone :+91-40-24599301 Fax:+91-40-24599304 Web: www.millets.res.in Printed at Balaji Scan Pvt. Ltd. Nampally, Hyderabad 2 Preface t is a matter of immense pleasure and great Isatisfaction to bring out the Annual Report 2019 of ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research (ICAR-IIMR), an ISO 9001:2015 certified institute with the great tradition of carrying out research, and training in the area of millets science. ICAR-IIMR is the only and world’s largest research institute on millets, mandated to work on basic and strategic research for improving productivity, profitability, and sustainability of millet cultivation under rainfed and other ecosystems to usher in nutritional security. IIMR is a frontrunner in developing millet varietal and hybrid technologies apart from value addition, value chain integration, entrepreneur development, and agribusiness incubation. The institute also coordinates the largest network of multi-disciplinary multi-location testing program of sorghum and small millets and facilitates coordination on AICRP on Pearl Millet, thus providing effective linkage with seed production, outreach and developmental agencies. With great pride and satisfaction, we would like to submit that Indian Institute of Millets Research has been conferred with “ICAR’s Sardar Patel Outstanding Institution Award -2018”. It is a true reflection of dedication and impact of institutional work across the canvas from crop improvement to technology transfer and value chain integration to carry forward our efforts to usher in the food and nutrition security across the drylands. Thus, our resolve to rededicate ourselves to fulfill the aspirations of millet farmers to double their income, economic status and improved livelihood has gained greater momentum. During this year, the millet genetic resources were further enriched with new millet germplasm collections, trait characterization, and their supply to bonafide users of the country. Basic and strategic crop improvement activities were diversified in millet crops to strengthen genetic material development with varied end-user traits. Suitable early-medium duration kharif and rabi sorghum hybrids have been developed to break the yield plateau. New dwarfkharif sorghum hybrids with high harvest index suitable to rice-fallows have been developed. Derivatives from sorghum x maize cross for high biomass and sweet stalk traits and sorghum mutant lines for varied traits are noteworthy. Marker-assisted breeding to incorporate terminal drought tolerance in rabi sorghum, novel brown midrib genes in high biomass lines has led to national release of first BMR based sorghum cultivar– JAICAR Nutrigraze. Identified sorghum lines with high iron and zinc would also contribute to mitigating the problems of malnutrition and zero hunger. New initiatives on developing high yielding pearl millet hybrids, lines with better shelf-life, high biomass identifying genes for drought and heat tolerance may pave way for high dividends in the near feature. Institute has also made significant strides in small millets in terms of identifying trait specific donors, novel traits and germplasm lines, crossing techniques, induced variability for better genetic gains in these crops. Findings from seed science in small millets may help to reduce the post- 3 IIMR-Annual Report 2019 maturity grain yield and quality losses. Research leads from the experiments on millet insects and diseases, crop management, crop physiology, biochemistry, DUS testing activities, value addition, and commercialization have effectively progressed to enhance the millet crop productivity in the country. Seed production, extension activities, front-line demonstrations, and several advanced training and millets based entrepreneurship development programs have greatly helped in the transfer of technology. Towards commercialization of millet technologies, 13 MoU’s were signed. I congratulate the staff of IIMR who contributed to the advancement of basic and strategic research on millets and development of millet-based technologies and received prestigious awards and recognitions and brought laurels to the Institute. This year is also significant in that the scientists of the institute were conferred with several national and international awards and fellowships. The institute has published 25 research articles in reputed international and national journals, published 4 books, 15 book chapters, several international and national conference abstracts and other publications. All these scientific feats would be contributing to the efforts towards doubling of farmers’ income. Several externally funded projects with an outlay of 1160 lakhs were operational this year. We are thankful to Dr. Trilochan Mohapatra, Secretary (DARE), and Director General, ICAR; Dr. TR Sharma, Dy. Director General (Crop Science), ICAR, Dr. AK Singh, Former Dy. Director General (Horticulture & Crop Science); ICAR; Dr. Dinesh Kumar, Former ADG (FFC), ICAR and Dr. YP Singh, ADG (FFC), ICAR and several other administrative functionaries at the headquarters for their guidance and generous support in implementing the mandate of the institute. I convey my gratitude to the Chairman and members of the IIMR-Research Advisory Committee, Quinquennial Review Team, Institute Management Committee for their critical appraisal and advice in improving the research programs and impact of institute’s work. we place on record our sincere thanks to the National, International, Non-Governmental and Private organizations that have been supporting us in our accomplishments. The scientists, technical personnel, administrative, finance and other staff of the institute have put in their best efforts in accomplishing the mandate of the Institute. I extend my appreciation to all of them. My sincere admiration to Dr. R Madhusudhana, Dr. PG Padmaja, Dr. C Deepika, Dr. KV Raghavendra Rao and Mr. HS Gawali for their efforts and cooperation in bringing out this annual report right on time. Hyderabad Vilas A Tonapi 12 March, 2020 Director 4 Contents 1. Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 1 2. The Institute ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 3. Research Accomplishments ...................................................................................................................................... 7 A. Genetic resources ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 B. Crop Improvement .......................................................................................................................................................... 8 i. Sorghum ........................................................................................................................................................................ 8 ii. Pearl millet ................................................................................................................................................................. 20 iii. Small millets ............................................................................................................................................................... 24 C. Molecular breeding ............................................................................................................................................. 30 D. Biotechnology .................................................................................................................................................... 32 E. Seed Science ....................................................................................................................................................... 35 F. Crop Health ......................................................................................................................................................... 36 G. Crop production .................................................................................................................................................. 42 H. Bio-chemistry & Functional Foods ...................................................................................................................... 45 I. Value-addition and Commercialization ..............................................................................................................