PART III – Emissions Inventory for Other Diesel Emission Sources in and Adjacent to West Oakland (Non-Port and Non-UP Rail Yard) [Page intentionally blank] Table of Contents PART III – Emissions Inventory for Other Diesel Emission Sources in and Adjacent to West Oakland (Non-Port and Non-UP Rail Yard) Section Page A. Introduction 1. Purpose and Geographic Scope.................................................................. 1 2. Use of Emission Factors in the Assessment.............................................. 4 3. Summary of Emissions and Source Categories In and Adjacent to the West Oakland Community .................................................................... 4 B. Emission Sources 1. Off-Port Ocean Going Vessels a. Description of Source Category............................................................ 6 b. Location/Area of Emissions .................................................................. 7 c. Emission Estimation Methodology........................................................ 8 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 11 e. Limitations .......................................................................................... 13 2. Off-Port Harbor Craft a. Description of Source Category.......................................................... 14 b. Location/Area of Emissions ................................................................ 15 c. Emission Estimation Methodology...................................................... 16 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 22 e. Limitations .......................................................................................... 22 3. Freeways and Roadways a. Description of Source Category.......................................................... 25 b. Location/Area of Emissions ................................................................ 25 c. Emission Estimation Methodology...................................................... 26 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 31 e. Limitations .......................................................................................... 33 f. Future Work........................................................................................ 34 4. Emissions within Trucking-Based Businesses and Distribution Centers a. Description of Source Category.......................................................... 35 b. Location/Area of Emissions ................................................................ 37 c. Emission Estimation Methodology...................................................... 38 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 44 e. Limitations .......................................................................................... 45 i 5. Facilities with Diesel–Powered Cargo Handling Equipment a. Description of Source Category.......................................................... 46 b. Location/Area of Emissions ................................................................ 46 c. Emission Estimation Methodology...................................................... 47 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 50 6. Locomotive Movement (Off-Port and Off-UP Rail Yard) within West Oakland a. Description of Source Category.......................................................... 51 b. Location/Area of Emissions ............................................................... 51 c. Emission Estimation Methodology...................................................... 52 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 56 7. Amtrak’s Oakland Maintenance Facility a. Description of Source Category.......................................................... 58 b. Location/Area of Emissions ............................................................... 58 c. Emission Estimation Methodology...................................................... 59 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 63 8. Major Construction Projects a. Description of Source ......................................................................... 65 b. Location/Area of Emissions ............................................................... 65 c. Emission Estimation Methodology...................................................... 68 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 71 e. Limitations .......................................................................................... 71 9. Stationary Point Sources a. Description of Source ......................................................................... 73 b. Location/Area of Emissions ............................................................... 73 c. Emission Estimation Methodology...................................................... 75 d. Summary of Results ........................................................................... 75 e. Limitations .......................................................................................... 76 C. References ............................................................................................................. 77 Appendices Appendix A: Amtrak Maintenance Yard Supporting Materials ................... 80 List of Figures Figure 1 Land-Based Emissions Domain for Part III ................................................ 3 Figure 2 Water-Based Emissions Domain for Part III............................................... 4 Figure 3 Emissions Domain for Ocean-Going Vessels in Part III............................. 8 Figure 4 Spatial Allocation of Harbor Craft PM Emissions in the Bay Area............ 16 ii Figure 5 West Oakland Freeway and Roadway Emissions Domain ...................... 26 Figure 6 Location of Truck-Based Businesses in West Oakland ........................... 38 Figure 7 Facilities with Diesel-Powered Cargo Handling Equipment ..................... 46 Figure 8 Main Rail Line for the BNSF, UP, and Amtrak Trains in West Oakland ...................................................................................... 52 Figure 9 Location of Amtrak’s Oakland Maintenance Facility (OMF) ..................... 59 Figure 10 Location of Major Construction Projects in West Oakland During 2005 ............................................................................................. 66 Figure 11 Location of Stationary Point Sources of Diesel PM in West Oakland ...... 74 List of Tables Table 1 Summary of Part III Source Categories and Estimated Diesel Emissions in 2005........................................................................... 5 Table 2 Types of Ocean-Going Vessels ................................................................. 6 Table 3 Estimated OGV Visits to the San Francisco Bay and the Port of Oakland in 2005 ....................................................................... 9 Table 4 Main Engine Emission Factors – Transit Mode (g/kW-hr)........................ 10 Table 5 Main Engine Emission Factors – Maneuvering Mode (g/kW-hr).............. 10 Table 6 Auxiliary Engine Emission Factors: Transit, Maneuvering, and Hotelling (g/kW-hr)............................................................................ 11 Table 7 Summary of Diesel PM Emissions from OGVs Operating within the San Francisco Bay in 2005 (tons per year).............................................. 12 Table 8 Summary of NOx Emissions from OGVs Operating within the San Francisco Bay in 2005 (tons per year).............................................. 12 Table 9 Categories of Commercial Harbor Craft Included in the Emissions Inventory................................................................................. 15 Table 10 California Commercial Harbor Craft Engine Profile by Vessel Type ........ 18 Table 11 Engine Load Factor by Vessel Type and by Engine Use......................... 19 Table 12 Fuel Correction Factor ............................................................................. 20 Table 13 Engine Deterioration Factor..................................................................... 21 Table 14 Estimated Number of Commercial Harbor Craft and their Diesel PM and NOx Emissions (tons per year) included in Part III ........................... 22 Table 15 Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicle Categories .................................................... 25 Table 16 Activity Matrix Example............................................................................ 28 iii Table 17 Example Emission Rate Matrix ................................................................ 28 Table 18 Part III (Non-Port) Diesel PM and NOx Emissions (tons per year) In and Adjacent to the West Oakland Community ................................... 31 Table 19 Port-Related Diesel PM and NOx Emissions (tons per year) on Freeways and Roadways in and Adjacent to the West Oakland Community............................................................................................... 32 Table 20 Summary of the Total On-Road Diesel PM and NOx Emissions (tons per year) Within the West Oakland Domain.................................... 33 Table 21 Final list of West Oakland Truck-Based Businesses and Accompanying Activity Data ............................................................. 36 Table 22 Settings