ADOLESCENT GIRLS TOOLKIT Contents Introduction 4 Our Girl Group 71 Understanding Different Types of Violence: Child Marriage The Basics 5 Speaking Without Words 75 Older Adolescents Child Safety Why Girls 6 Making and Keeping friends 77 What Can Girls do if They Experience Managing Stress How to Navigate this Toolkit 7 Violence? Mother/Daughter Activities Adolescent Girl Tools 8 Life Skills 80 Female Genital Cutting Peer pressure 81 Child Marriage Icebreakers and Games Reaching Adolescent Girls: (Community 11 Problem Solving 82 Our Challenges Our Solutions Participation) Relationships with Parents/Caregivers 90 People I Trust (My Safety Network) Monitoring Tools Identify Decision Makers 12 The Choices that we Make 94 Build Trust 13 Communicating in Difficult Situations 97 Financial Education Resource Page Explore Views 13 Understanding our Feelings 99 Why save Community Conversation 15 What We Can Do When We Feel Sad 102 Choosing our Savings Goal Community Action 16 Positive Things Around Me 105 Making a Savings Plan Self Confidence 107 Risky Income: Older Adolescents Setting up an Adolescent Girls Programme 17 Online Safety 109 I Want, I Need (Outreach) What it Means to be a Girl 111 Making Spending Decisions Girl Friendly Space 18 Thinking About the Future Which Girls? 19 Reproductive Health 114 Save Regularly Where are the Girls? 21 Our Rights 115 Gathering Girls 22 Our Bodies: Younger Adolescents 118 Leadership Mobile Activities 23 Our Organs: Younger Adolescents 121 Female Role Models Explaining your Services 25 Our Monthly Cycle: Younger Adolescents 124 Girls in Focus Understanding Girls’ Needs and Risks 28 Our Bodies: Older Adolescents 128 Each One Reach One Menstrual Management: Older Adolescents 13 2 Our Group Project Meetings Facilitation Techniques 32 Sexually Transmitted Infections: Older 13 6 Sensitive Topics 33 Adolescents Sessions for Mothers Confidentiality 34 Family Planning: Older Adolescents 142 Introduction to Adolescent Girls Curriculum General Language 35 RH Resource: 146 Puberty Reproductive Health Sessions 36 Organs 146 Relationship with Adolescent Girls Safety Sessions 37 Hymen 146 Positive Discipline 39 Monthly Cycle 147 Ovulation 147 GBV Case Management for Adolescent 42 Menstrual Phases 149 Girls Hair Removal 150 Polycystic Ovaries 150 Using the Curriculum for Short Interventions 47 Male Body Parts 152 Fertilisation 153 The Curriculum Core Sessions 49 STIs 154 Emergency Response 49 Safety 155 Closing Activities 61 Healthy Relationships: Older Adolescents 156 Involving Girls in Feedback 62 Comfortable and Uncomfortable Touch: 159 End of Project Cycle 64 Younger Adolescents Understanding Different Types of Violence: 16 2 Adolescent Girls Curriculum 65 Younger Adolescents Trust Building: 70 1 Introduction Our Girl Group Understanding Different Types of Violence: 16 6 Child Marriage 217 The Basics Speaking Without Words Older Adolescents Child Safety 219 Why Girls Making and Keeping friends What Can Girls do if They Experience 170 Managing Stress 221 How to Navigate this Toolkit Violence? 176 Mother/Daughter Activities 224 Adolescent Girl Tools Life Skills Female Genital Cutting 172 Peer pressure Child Marriage 174 Icebreakers and Games 226 Reaching Adolescent Girls: (Community Problem Solving Our Challenges Our Solutions 177 Participation) Relationships with Parents/Caregivers People I Trust (My Safety Network) 179 Monitoring Tools 233 Identify Decision Makers The Choices that we Make Build Trust Communicating in Difficult Situations Financial Education 181 Resource Page 240 Explore Views Understanding our Feelings Why save 18 2 Community Conversation What We Can Do When We Feel Sad Choosing our Savings Goal 18 6 Community Action Positive Things Around Me Making a Savings Plan 18 8 Self Confidence Risky Income: Older Adolescents 19 0 Setting up an Adolescent Girls Programme Online Safety I Want, I Need 19 2 (Outreach) What it Means to be a Girl Making Spending Decisions 19 4 Girl Friendly Space Thinking About the Future 19 6 Which Girls? Reproductive Health Save Regularly 19 8 Where are the Girls? Our Rights Gathering Girls Our Bodies: Younger Adolescents Leadership 200 Mobile Activities Our Organs: Younger Adolescents Female Role Models 201 Explaining your Services Our Monthly Cycle: Younger Adolescents Girls in Focus 203 Understanding Girls’ Needs and Risks Our Bodies: Older Adolescents Each One Reach One 204 Menstrual Management: Older Adolescents Our Group Project Meetings 207 Facilitation Techniques Sexually Transmitted Infections: Older Sensitive Topics Adolescents Sessions for Mothers 208 Confidentiality Family Planning: Older Adolescents Introduction to Adolescent Girls Curriculum 209 General Language RH Resource: Puberty 213 Reproductive Health Sessions Organs Relationship with Adolescent Girls 215 Safety Sessions Hymen Positive Discipline Monthly Cycle Ovulation GBV Case Management for Adolescent Menstrual Phases Girls Hair Removal Polycystic Ovaries Using the Curriculum for Short Interventions Male Body Parts Fertilisation The Curriculum Core Sessions STIs Emergency Response Safety Closing Activities Healthy Relationships: Older Adolescents Involving Girls in Feedback Comfortable and Uncomfortable Touch: End of Project Cycle Younger Adolescents Understanding Different Types of Violence: Adolescent Girls Curriculum Younger Adolescents Trust Building: 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: The Adolescent Girls Toolkit Iraq was a join initiative led by UNICEF and UNFPA funded with the generous support from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and involved a number of partners. The process was overseen by Sinead Murray, UNICEF, Veronika Njikho, UNFPA and Mehreen Jaswal, Adolescent Girls Consultant. A very special thanks to the partners involved in the pilot phase and workshop that supported in the revisions and adaptations of toolkit resources and materials: Al Mesalla Civil Development Organisation Harikar International Medical Corps International Rescue Committee Norwegian Refugee Council Save the Children Tajdid Women’s Empowerment Organisation Women Rehabilitation Organisation 3 Introduction The Adolescent Girls Toolkit for Iraq is a collection of learning sessions and tools designed to empower adolescent girls from IDP, Refugee and Host communities in Iraq to address key issues on life skills, Reproductive Health, Gender Based Violence (GBV) and Financial Education. The curriculum has been designed to be implemented in a specific sequence to give girls the opportunity to develop complete knowledge and skills on a number of important topics. However, due to the context in Iraq, the sessions have also been designed as such, so they can be used for acute and specific interventions, which is explained in more detail later. The Toolkit will support implementing partners to set up girl friendly spaces, carry out girl focused needs assessments and plan an intervention accordingly. Each section (you will find the checklist box on the right of each section) works on a specific component of girl programming, so depending on the implementing partner capacity, you may start at the beginning of the toolkit, or further in, if you are already advanced in girl programming. Even if you aren’t able to complete all of the steps in the girl programming toolkit, simply achieving the first step (girl friendly spaces) is a good starting point from which you can build upon. 4 The Basics Age of Adolescence Adolescence is the period between the ages of 19-10 for males and females 1. It is the phase in which one moves from childhood into adulthood. During adolescence, there are a number of physical and psychological changes that take place. This can be very challenging for many adolescents, but it can also be a time of discovery and happiness where adolescents learn about their potential. Adolescence 10 – 19 2 Early Adolescence Late Adolescence 10-14 15-19 The Emergency Context In conflict situations, young people must somehow ‘cross over’ from childhood to adulthood while confronting the brutality of war. Stripped of safety and security, where caregivers do not feel capable to protect and provide for their families, young people need support and guidance, especially during this critical time in their development. They need to know whom to trust and how they can contribute in positive ways to their family, school and community life. Too often there is nowhere to turn. In the midst of conflict, humanitarian assistance has typically focused on meeting the survival needs of young children, while adolescents are overlooked 3 . Adolescent Girls in Emergencies 4 • Adolescent girls account for an increasing proportion of displaced persons. • Adolescence is a critical time—compared to their male peers and to adults, adolescent girls are less likely to have live-saving information, skills and capacities to navigate the upheaval that follows displacement. • Adolescent girls face a unique set of violence related risks, including sexual violence, harmful practices and human trafficking. • Adolescent girls are forced to assume roles and responsibilities that restrict their mobility and visibility, increasing their isolation and breaking bonds with their peers and with other social networks. 1 http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/topics/adolescence/dev/en/ 2 http://www.unicef.org/adolescence/files/SOWC_2011_Main_Report_EN_02092011.pdf 3 http://www.unicef.org/adolescence/files/adolescent_conflict.pdf 5 4 I’m Here: Adolescent Girls in Emergencies. Women’s Refugee Commission WHY GIRLS? Adolescent Girls in Iraq The Adolescent Girls Taskforce