NAV1.940715.005 .. U.S. NAVAL RADIOLOGICAL History Of DEFENSE LABORATORY for the year 1961 SAN FRANCISCO CALIFORNIA TABLE OF CONTENTS -Chapter -Page I 1961 -- EXPANDED HORIZONS NRDL's Parent Organization. BuShips, Comes ofAge . 1 New Associate Scientuic Director , . , . , . 4 Strope Selected as DOD,OCDRandD Director. 4 Other Major Personnel Changes. , . 6 Organizationchart , . 7 Organizational Changes . + . 8 Mission, Tasks, Functions . e . 9 Tri-Service Induction Takes Place. I . , . 9 I1 TECHNICAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS (including Facilities and Equipment Acquired) Weapons Effects and Related Information . 11 Bio-Medical Research and Hazards Evaluation . 17 Shielding Studies . , 21 War Gaming Information, Simulator and Fallout Models . 9 22 Radiac Systems and Dosimetry . - . * . 24 Shelter Year , . , . 25 Disaster Control, Civil Defense and RadiologicalRecovery. v I . - . * - 26 Technical Bases for Operational Doctrine e I . 27 Operational Capability for Radiological Contamination Control. 29 Applications and Techniques. 31 I11 PUBLICATIONS . , . , . I . , . 34 IV AWARDS -- COMMENDATIONS -- HONORS * * * + * * - 36 V SEMINARS -- SYMPOSIA -- CONFERENCES Meetings at NRDL -- Meetings Eisewhere , . 43 VI TRAINING. *. , . 4; VI1 VISITORS. -., . 49 VI11 PUBLICITY. 53 IX MISCELLANEOUS, . , . 54 - 1- 355 PHOTOGRAPHS Subject Page L_ Welcome Aboard. Chief .. RADM R . K . James ............ 2 Another Milestone .. Exhibit for BuShips 21st Birthday ........ 3 Dr. E . R . Tompkins . Associate Scientific Director .......... 5 Tri-Service Induction ........................ 10 Instrument Raft Used at HYDRA Tests ................ 13 HYDRA Charge Being Lifted Into Water ............... 13 Ghost From the Sea .. HYDRA Explosion .............. 14 Aiding Research ........................... 19 Radiological Trainer ......................... 23 Wrist-Carried Ratemeter Radiac .... .. .............. 23 Speed Demon .. New "704" ...................... 33 Electronic "Desk" .......................... 33 Frances Brady Wins Meritorious Civilian Service Award ....... 37 Scientist.in.Residence. Dr . Olivier Heroux ............. 37 Scientific Achievement Award Goes to Robert J . Jenkins ....... 39 Dr . E . L . Alpen Receives Military Surgeons Award .......... 39 In Denmark on Fulbright Fellowship .. Dr . C . Sharp Cook ....... 42 Highly Commended by Pasadena Board.. Dr . W . E . Kreger ...... 42 Newbald Lecturer .. Dr . R . W . Brauer ................ 46 French Biochemist .. Dr . Joseph Huppert .............. 46 First Co-op Student Graduates .. Byron Hansen ........... 48 Bddding Young Scientists ....................... 51 Undersecretary of the Navy. Hon . Paul B . Fay. Jr., ......... 51 From Many Lands .. NATO Group at NRDL .............52 Yugoslav Navy Commandant. Admiral Mate Jerkovic ......... 52 Command-at-Sea Insignia Wearers (Former Ship Commanders) .... 55 Sigma Xi Club at NRDL Receives Charter ..............55 All Heart .. WE of NRDL ...................... 56 i -CHAPTER I -- 1961 - EXPANDED HORIZONS The year was characterized by new demands on the Laboratory's capabilities from four broad areas: planningfor possible weapons tests; use of radioactivity for space missions; examination of the sea environ- ment; and shelter research. With the possibility that nuclear weapons tests would have to be ini- tiated without sufficient lead time, the Laboratory has had to remain capable of planning and executing a field test on short notice. The use of SNAP devices for powering satellite and space vehicles and the safety problems associated with their launching increased Labo- ratory work in this area. More intense interest in the paths of radioactivity in the sea environ- ment and the possible need to detect weapons testing underwater has in- creased this work. The establishment of the national shelter program, under the Depart- ment of Defense and consolidation of its research effort have increased the need for work in this area by NRDL. NRDL'S PARENT ORGANIZATION, BUSHIPS. COMFS OF AGE The Bureau of Ships. NRDL's parent organization. was 21 years old on 20 June 1961. To mark this occasion the Chief of the Bureau, RADM R. K. James, wrote: ". NRDL has won an international reputation for the numerous contributions it has made in its new and esoteric field.. .the research and development.. .highlights the important national role.. The contributions.. are proving beneficial to the whole country.. " To celebrate this date a world map and photo display of BuShips ac- tivities was mounted in the Lobby; a special edition of the bi-weekly BUL- LETIN was published; and the Lab picnic was held earlier than usual - - Saturday, 24 June. Also NRDLERS were encouraged to invite their fami- lies to visit the Laboratory during the week of 19- 23 June. -1- 357 358 ! BUIH PS COME5 Of AGE - 21'' BIRTHDAY WEEK ANOTHER MILESTONE -- Chic!, Hayashi, Graphic Developments Branch, shows the exhibit which he created to Captain Rorh. It wasmountedon cherear wall of rheNRDL lobby during BuShips 21st Birthday week in June 1961. Now 11 is alongside the otherex- hibits a1 the 6th floor display area. -3- NEW ASSOCIATE SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR Returning to NRDL from a Scientific Liaison Officer assignment in Europe with the Office of Naval Research, Dr. Edward R. Tompkins, for- mer Head of the Chemical Technology Divlsion, on 1 November 1961 filled the position of Acting Assaciate Scientific Director. Dr. Tompkins first came to NRDL in May 1951 as a research consultant and radiological chem- ist. In December 0: that year he was promoted to Head of the Chemical T echnology Division. He left here in June 1960 to accept the position with the Office of Naval Research. From a "home" office in London, England, he traveled throughout Europe visiting institutions where research in nuclear, physi- cal and inorganic chemistry is conducted. He prepared technical reports describing this research for distribution in the U. S. , attended scientific meetings in Europe and prepared conference reports on them. A native of Winterset, Iowa, Dr. Tompkins received his A. E. degree from Greeley State (Colo. ) in 1931. He taught high school science for six years before entering the University of California Graduate School. Following receipt of his Ph. D. degree in biochemistry in 1942, he was a research chemist for the Armour Research Corp. andtheMetallurgi- cal Laboratories (now the Argonne National Laboratory). Next he went to the Clinton Laboratory (now Oak Ridge National Laboratory) as a group leader, and late in 1947 aided in establishing the Advisory Field Service for the Isotope Division of the Atomic Energy Commission at Oak Ridge. In 1948 Dr. Tompkins came to Berkeley to help establish a firm to make equipment for the safe handling of radioisotopes. About a year later, after the products had been developed and were being marketed, he joined the University of California Radiation Laboratory staff. He remained there until he came to NRDL in 1951. STROPE SELECTED AS DOD,OCD RandD DIRECTOR Walmer E. Strope. Associate Scientific Director, who played a major role in NRDL'S group shelter project, was appointed Director of Re- search and Development uneer the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Civil Defense when this post was created late in the year. Earlier in 1961, he and Dr. R. R. Newell, Medical Consultant, were named as members of California Governor Edmund G. Brown's Radiologi- cal Defense Advisory Committee. - 4- 360 i OTHER MAJOR PERSONNEL CHANGES CIVILIAN Dr. Lewis H. Gevantman became Head of the Chemical Technology Division in January after serving as Acting Head for about six months. Dr. William E. Kreger. Head of the Nuclear Radiation Physics Branch, was appointed Head of the Nucleonics Division during the absence of Dr. C.Sharp Cook. (See page 41) MILITARY CDR Gale L. Bergey, USN, reported aboard in September to head the newly established Naval Radiological Control Office, Code 160. (See Organizational Changes, page 8) CDR Martin 0. Greaney, Jr.. MC, USN, replaced CAPT H. S. Etter. MC, USN, as Radiological Medical Director and Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Program Officer. CDR R. W. King, USN, Senior Program Officer. was replaced by LCDR T. W. Robinson, USN, the Bureau of Ships Program Officer. LT Kenton Hypes, Jr., MSC, USN, headed the Military Personnel Division, replacing LCDR R. L. Thompson, MSC, USN. LT C. H. Brown, MC, USNR, became the new Radiological Health Division Officer, replacing LT David Katz, MC, USNR. Dr. Katz was re- leased from the Navy and accepted a position as a radiologist with the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission in Japan. Early in the year Dr. Katz was certified in radiology and nuclear medicine by the American Board of Radio logy. - 6- 362 r U - 7- 363 ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES The chart on the preceding page shows graphically the organization of NRDL as of 31 December 1961. Changes made during the year include: After careful review, in April the following Boards and Committees were found to have served their purpose and were dropped: Director's Council; Working Group; and Accelerator Scheduling and Computer Sched- uling Committees. Also in April, the RADCON Team Office, Code 160, with an Officer- in-Charge, was established to provide emergency radiological control measures in the areas specified by CNO. (See pages 29-31) In August, a separate Branch was re-established within the Biological and Medical Sciences Division to perform functions relating to radionuclide metabolism and internal deposition. It was titled the Biophysics Branch (Code 923). The former Biophysics Branch was redesignated