The Longman Anthology of British Literature Third Edition David Damrosch and Kevin J. H. Dettmar General Editors VOLUME TWO THE ROMANTICS AND THEIR CONTEMPORARIES Susan Wolfson and Peter Manning THE VICTORIAN AGE Heather Henderson and William Sharpe THE TWENTIETH CENTURY Kevin J. H. Dettmar and Jennifer Wicke New York San Francisco Boston London Toronto Sydney Tokyo Singapore Madrid Mexico City Munich Paris Cape Town Hong Kong Montreal CONTENTS List of Illustrations xxxix Additional Audio and Online Resources xlv Preface xlvii Acknowledgments Iv The Romantics and Their Contemporaries 3 PERSPECTIVES -£^ ' The Sublime, the Beautiful, and the Picturesque 30 EDMUND BURKE 33 from A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful 33 WILLIAM GILPIN 40 from Three Essays on Picturesque Beauty, on Picturesque Travel, and on Sketching Landscape 41 MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT 46 from A Vindication of the Rights of Men 47 JANE AUSTEN 48 from Pride and Prejudice 48 from Northanger Abbey 49 MARIA JANE JEWSBURY 51 A Rural Excursion 51 IMMANUEL KANT 56 from The Critique of Judgement 56 JOHN RUSKIN 59 from Modern Painters 59 ANNA LETITIA BARBAULD 63 The Mouse's Petition to Dr. Priestley 63 On a Lady's Writing 65 Inscription for an Ice-House 65 To a Little Invisible Being Who Is Expected Soon to Become Visible 66 To the Poor 61 Contents Washing-Day 61 Eighteen Hundred and Eleven 69 RESPONSE John Wilson Croker: from A Review of Eighteen Hundred and Eleven 78 The First Fire 79 On the Death of the Princess Charlotte 81 CHARLOTTE SMITH 82 ELEGIAC SONNETS AND OTHER POEMS 83 To the Moon 83 "Sighing I see yon little troop at play" 83 • To melancholy. Written on the banks of the Arun October, 1785 85 Far on the sands 85 To tranquillity 86 Written in the church-yard at Middleton in Sussex 86 On being cautioned against walking on an headland overlooking the sea 87 The sea view 87 The Dead Beggar 88 from Beachy Head 89 PERSPECTIVES^"— ' The Rights of Man and the Revolution Controversy 92 HELEN MARIA WILLIAMS 92 ... from Letters Written in France, in the Summer of 1790 , 93 . from Letters from France 97 EDMUND BURKE 103 from Reflections on the Revolution in France 1.03 MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT 112 from A Vindication of the Rights of Men 113 Letter to Joseph Johnson, from Paris, December 27, 1792 121 THOMAS PAINE 121 from The Rights of Man 122 WILLIAM GODWIN 128 from An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and Its Influence on General Virtue and Happiness 128 THE ANTI-JACOBIN, OR WEEKLY EXAMINER 133 The Friend of Humanity and the Knife-Grinder 134 The Widow 134 ' . HANNAH MORE 137 Village Politics 138 Contents vii ARTHUR YOUNG 145 from Travels in France During the Years 1787-1788, and 1789 145 from The Example of France, a Warning to Britain 147 WILLIAM BLAKE 150 All Religions Are One 152 There Is No Natural Religion [a] 154 There Is No Natural Religion [b] 155 SONGS OF INNOCENCE AND OF EXPERIENCE 158 from Songs of Innocence 158 Introduction 158 The Shepherd 158 The Ecchoing Green 158 The Lamb 159 The Little Black Boy 160 The Blossom 161 The Chimney Sweeper 161 The Little Boy lost 162 The Little Boy found 163 The Divine Image 163 HOLY THURSDAY 164 Nurses Song 164 Infant Joy 165 A Dream 165 On Anothers Sorrow 166 rtss« COMPANION READING Charles Lamb: from The Praise of Chimney-Sweepers 167 from Songs of Experience 169 Introduction 169 EARTH'S Answer 169 The CLOD & the PEBBLE 170 HOLY THURSDAY 170 The Little Girl Lost 171 The Little Girl Found 172 THE Chimney Sweeper 174 NURSES Song 174 The SICK ROSE 174 THE FLY 176 The Angel 176 The Tyger 177 My Pretty ROSE TREE 178 AH! SUN-FLOWER 178 The GARDEN of LOVE 178 Contents LONDON 179 The Human Abstract 179 INFANT SORROW 180 A Little BOY Lost 180 A Little GIRL Lost 181 The School-Boy 182 A DIVINE IMAGE 183 The Marriage of Heaven and Hell 183 Visions of the Daughters of Albion 197 LETTERS 204 To Dr. John Trusler (23 August 1799) 204 To Thomas Butts (22 November 1802) 206 PERSPECTIVES The Abolition of Slavery and the Slave Trade 209 OLAUDAH EQUIANO 210 from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano 211 MARY PRINCE 219 from The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave 220 THOMAS BELLAMY 224 The Benevolent Planters 224 JOHN NEWTON 230 Amazing Grace! 231 ANN CROMARTIE YEARSLEY 231 - from A Poem on the Inhumanity of the Slave-Trade 232 WILLIAM COWPER 236 Sweet Meat Has Sour Sauce 237 ' • The Negro's Complaint 238 HANNAH MORE AND EAGLESFIELD SMITH 239 The Sorrows of Yamba 240 ROBERT SOUTHEY 244 from Poems Concerning the Slave Trade 245 DOROTHY WORDSWORTH 250 from The Grasmere Journals 250 THOMAS CLARKSON 250 from The History of the Rise, Progress, & Accomplishment of the Abolition of the African Slave-Trade by the British Parliament 251 WILLIAM WORDSWORTH 259 To Toussaint L'Ouverture 259 To Thomas Clarkson 260 from The Prelude 260 from Humanity 261 Letter to Mary Ann Rawson (May 1833) 262 Contents i: THE EDINBURGH REVIEW 262 from Abstract of the Information laid on the Table of the House of Commons, on the Subject of the Slave Trade 263 GEORGE GORDON, LORD BYRON 265 /rom-Detached Thoughts 265 MARY ROBINSON 266 Ode to Beauty 267 January, 1795 268 from Sappho and Phaon, in a Series of Legitimate Sonnets 269 III. The Bower of Pleasure 270 IV. Sappho discovers her Passion 270 VII. Invokes Reason 270 XI. Rejects the Influence of Reason 271 XII. .Previous to her Interview with Phaon 271 XVIII. To Phaon 271 XXX. Bids farewell to Lesbos 272 XXXVII. Foresees her Death 272 The Camp 272 The Haunted Beach 274 London's Summer Morning 275 The Old Beggar 277 MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT 279 A Vindication of the Rights of Woman 281 from To M. Talleyrand-Perigord, Late Bishop of Autun 281 Introduction 283 from Chapter 1. The Rights and Involved Duties of Mankind Considered 286 from Chapter 2. The Prevailing Opinion of a Sexual Character Discussed 288 from Chapter 3- The Same Subject Continued 297 from Chapter 5. Animadversions on Some of the Writers Who Have Rendered Women Objects of Pity, Bordering on Contempt 301 from Chapter 13. Some Instances of the Folly Which the Ignorance of Women Generates; with Concluding Reflections on the Moral Improvement That a Revolution in Female Manners Might Naturally Be Expected to Produce 301 from The Wrongs of Woman; or Maria 303 RESPONSES Anna Letitia Barbauld, The Rights of Woman 315 Ann Yearsley, The Indifferent Shepherdess to Colin 316 Robert Southey, To Mary Wolstoncraft 317 William Blake, from Mary 318 <tso* Contents *<*- PERSPECTIVES -}>* ' The Wollstonecraft Controversy and the Rights of Women 319 CATHARINE MACAULAY 319 from Letters on Education 320 RICHARD POLWHELE 322 from The Unsex'd Females 323 PRISCILLA BELL WAKEFIELD 327 from Reflections on the Present Condition of the Female Sex 328 MARY ANNE RADCLIFFE 331 from The Female Advocate 332 HANNAH MORE 338 from Strictures on the Modern System of Female Education 339 MARY LAMB 344 Letter to The British Lady's Magazine 345 WILLIAM THOMPSON AND ANNA WHEELER 349 from Appeal of One Half the Human Race, Women, Against the Pretensions of the Other Half, Men, to Retain Them in Political, and Thence in Civil and Domestic Slavery 350 JOANNA BAILLIE 356 Plays on the Passions 357 . from Introductory Discourse 357 London 362 A Mother to Her Waking Infant 363 A Child to His Sick Grandfather 364 Thunder 365 Song: Woo'd and Married and A' 367 LITERARY BALLADS 368 RELIQUES OF ANCIENT ENGLISH POETRY 369 Sir Patrick Spence 370 ROBERT BURNS 371 To a Mouse 372 To a Louse 373 Flow gently, sweet Afton 374 Ae fond kiss 375 Comin' Thro' the Rye (1) 375 Comin' Thro' the Rye (2) 376 Scots, wha hae wi' Wallace bled 377 Is there for honest poverty 377 Contents xi «»» RESPONSE Charlotte Smith, To the shade of Burns 379 «so. A Red, Red Rose 379 Auld Lang Syne 380 The Fornicator. A New Song 381 SIR WALTER SCOTT 382 Lord Randal 382 THOMAS MOORE 383 The harp that once through Tara's halls 383 Believe me, if all those endearing young charms 384 The time I've lost in wooing 384 WILLIAM WORDSWORTH 385 LYRICAL BALLADS 387 Simon Lee 387 Anecdote for Fathers 390 We are seven 391 lines written in early spring 393 The Thorn 394 Note to The Thorn 400 Expostulation and Reply 401 The Tables Turned 402 Old Man Travelling 403 Lines written a few miles above Tintern Abbey 404 LYRICAL BALLADS (1800, 1802) 408 from Preface 408 [The Principal Object of the Poems. Humble and Rustic Life] 409 ["The Spontaneous Overflow of Powerful Feelings"] 410 [The Language of Poetry] 411 [What is a Poet?] 414 [The Function of Metre] 417 ["Emotion Recollected in Tranquillity"] 418 "There was a Boy" 421 "Strange fits of passion have I known" 421 Song ("She dwelt among th' untrodden ways") 422 "A slumber did my spirit seal" 423 Lucy Gray 423 Poor Susan 425 Nutting 425 "Three years she grew in sun and shower" 427 Contents The Old Cumberland Beggar 428 Michael 433 <*»» RESPONSES Francis Jeffrey: ["the new poetry"] 443 Charles Lamb: from a letter to William Wordsworth 447 Charles Lamb: from a letter to Thomas Manning 448 SONNETS, 1802-1807 449 Prefatory Sonnet ("Nuns fret not at their Convent's narrow room") 449 Composed upon Westminster Bridge, Sept. 3, 1802 450 "The world is too much with us" 450 "It is a beauteous Evening" 450 "I griev'd for Buonaparte" 451 London, 1802 451 from THE PRELUDE, OR GROWTH OF A POET'S MIND 452 Book First.