UNITED NATIONS International Tribunal for the Case No.: IT-95-8-S Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of Date: 13 November 2001 International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Original: ENGLISH Former Yugoslavia since 1991 IN THE TRIAL CHAMBER Before: Judge Patrick Robinson, Presiding Judge Richard May Judge Mohamed Fassi Fihri Registrar: Mr. Hans Holthuis Judgement of: 13 November 2001 PROSECUTOR v. DU[KO SIKIRICA DAMIR DO[EN DRAGAN KOLUNDŽIJA __________________________________________________________ SENTENCING JUDGEMENT ____________________________________________________________ The Office of the Prosecutor: Mr. Dirk Ryneveld Ms. Julia Baly Mr. Daryl Mundis Counsel for the Accused: Mr. Veselin Londrovi} and Mr. Michael Greaves, for Du{ko Sikirica Mr. Vladimir Petrovi} and Mr. Goran Rodi}, for Damir Do{en Mr. Ivan Lawrence and Mr. Jovan Ostoji}, for Dragan Kolundžija Case No. IT-95-8-S 13 November 2001 I. INTRODUCTION AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY .................................................. 1 A. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 B. THE PLEA AGREEMENTS ................................................................................................. 5 1. The Sikirica Plea Agreement........................................................................................ 5 2. The Do{en Plea Agreement .......................................................................................... 7 3. The Kolund`ija Plea Agreement................................................................................... 8 C. THE GUILTY PLEAS......................................................................................................... 9 D. THE SENTENCING PROCEEDINGS................................................................................... 10 II. GUILTY PLEA AS BASIS FOR CONVICTION ...................................................... 12 III. CAMP CONDITIONS................................................................................................. 14 A. THE CAMP..................................................................................................................... 14 1. Description of the camp.............................................................................................. 14 2. Population.................................................................................................................. 15 3. Procedure upon arrival ............................................................................................... 15 4. Shifts.......................................................................................................................... 16 5. Assignment to rooms and transfer from one room to another ...................................... 16 B. GENERAL LIVING CONDITIONS....................................................................................... 17 1. Accommodation......................................................................................................... 17 (a) Rooms where prisoners were kept......................................................................... 17 (i) Room 1.............................................................................................................. 17 (ii) Room 2............................................................................................................. 18 (iii) Room 3............................................................................................................ 18 (iv) Room 4............................................................................................................ 19 (b) Room “leaders” .................................................................................................... 19 (c) Sleeping facilities.................................................................................................. 19 (d) Access to toilets.................................................................................................... 20 (e) Facilities for personal hygiene............................................................................... 20 2. Food conditions.......................................................................................................... 21 3. Water conditions ........................................................................................................ 22 4. Access to medical care ............................................................................................... 22 5. Daily life in the camp ................................................................................................. 23 C. INTERROGATIONS.......................................................................................................... 24 D. BEATINGS AND MISTREATMENT .................................................................................... 26 1. General atmosphere in the camp................................................................................. 26 2. Beatings by the guards ............................................................................................... 27 3. Beatings by visitors .................................................................................................... 29 E. THE ROOM 3 MASSACRE................................................................................................ 30 IV. SENTENCING.............................................................................................................. 32 A. APPLICABLE LAW ......................................................................................................... 32 B. SENTENCING FACTORS.................................................................................................. 33 1. General factors ........................................................................................................... 33 (a) Gravity of the crime.............................................................................................. 33 (b) Mitigating circumstances ...................................................................................... 33 (c) The general practice regarding prison sentences in the courts of the former Yugoslavia .......................................................................................................... 34 2. Factors relating to each of the accused ........................................................................ 35 (a) Du{ko Sikirica ...................................................................................................... 35 (i) The gravity of the crime..................................................................................... 35 i Case No. IT-95-8-S 13 November 2001 a. Criminal conduct forming basis for conviction ............................................... 35 i. Murder ........................................................................................................ 36 ii. Beatings ..................................................................................................... 37 iii. Sexual assault and rape ............................................................................. 37 iv. Harassment, humiliation and psychological abuse ..................................... 38 v. Confinement in inhumane conditions.......................................................... 38 b. Aggravating circumstances............................................................................. 38 i. Arguments of the Parties ............................................................................. 38 ii. Findings ..................................................................................................... 41 (ii) Mitigating circumstances.................................................................................. 41 a. Arguments of the Parties................................................................................. 41 b. Findings ......................................................................................................... 43 (b) Damir Do{en ........................................................................................................ 44 (i) Gravity of the crime........................................................................................... 44 a. Criminal conduct forming basis for conviction ............................................... 44 i. Beatings ...................................................................................................... 44 ii. Harassment, humiliation and psychological abuse ...................................... 46 iii. Confinement in inhumane conditions ........................................................ 46 b. Aggravating circumstances............................................................................. 46 i. Arguments of the Parties ............................................................................. 46 ii. Findings ..................................................................................................... 48 (ii) Mitigating circumstances.................................................................................. 48 a. Arguments of the Parties................................................................................. 48 b. Findings ......................................................................................................... 53 (c) Dragan Kolund`ija ................................................................................................ 55 (i) Gravity