UNITED NATIONS Distr. GENERAL GENERAL A/54461Add.3 ASSEMBLY 30 July 1963 .. ORIGINAL: ENGLISH Eighteenth session REPORT OF r':'rlE 3PECI.!-,\L COMMITTEE ON THE SITUATION WITH REGARD TO THE IMPLEri1E~TATION OF THE DECLARATION ON THE GRANTING OF INDEPENDENCE TO COLONIAL COUIllTRIES AND PEOPLES* Rapporteur: Mr. Najmuddine RIFAI (Syria) SOUTHERN RHODESIA CONTENTS Paragraphs Page A. ACTION TAKEN BY THE SPECIAL CGt-1MITTEE IN 1962 AND BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AT ITS SIXrrEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH SESSIONS • 1 - 9 2 B. INFORNI.ATION ON THE TERRITORY General 10 - 11 6 Status of the Territory 12 - 13 6 Constitution •• 14 - 15 6 1962 Elections •••••••••••• 16 - 23 7 Visit by If.!!'. R.A. Butler. •••• ••• 24 8 .. The Eanning of the Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU) • 25 - 28 8 Proposed amendffient to the law and Order (~aintenance) Act, 1961 .................. 29 - 30 9 • C. CONSIDERATION BY THE SFECIAL COMMITTEE Introduction ••••••••• 31 10 Written petitions and hearings 32 - 44 10 General statements by ~embers 45 - 209 13 D. ACTION TAKEN BY THE SFECIAL COMMITTEE 210 - 283 67 APPENDIX. REPORT OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE ON SOUTHERN RHO:CESIA * This document contains the chapter on Southern Rhodesia. The general introductory chapter "Till be issued subsequently under the symbol A/5446. Otht:"!r chapters will be issued later in addenda. 63-16401 I· .. A/5446/Add.3 English Page 2 A. ACTION TAKEN BY THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE IN 1962 AND BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AT ITS SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH SESSIONS 1. The Special Committee considered the question of Southern Rhodesia in 1962 at its meetings in March) April and ~ay. It considered this question in the context ~ of General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960 embodying the Declarationj resolution 1654 (XVI) of 27 November 1961 establishing the Special Committee) and resolution 1745 (XVI) of 23 February 1962 by I'lhich the General Assembly requested the Special Committee to ccnsider whether the Territory of Southern Rhodesia had attained a full measure of self-government. 2. At the conclusion of its general debate) the Special Committee, in March 1962) decided to establish a Sub-Committee composed of India) Mali) Syria, Tanganyika) Tunisia and Venezuela to go to London for discussions with the United Kingdom Government. The Sub-Committee visited London from 7 to 14 April 1962 ond submitted its report!/ on 30 April 1962. 3. Following its consideration of the Sub-Committee IS report, the Special Committee took decisions whereby it affirmed that the Territory of Southern Rhodesia was a Non-Self-Governing Territory within the meaning of Chapter XI of the Charter of the United Nations) endorsed the conclusions of the Sub-Committee and recommended) in accordance with the Sub-Committee's report that, in the absence of favourable developments, the situation in Southern Rhodesia should be considered by the General Assembly at its resumed sixteenth session or at a special session) as a natter of urgency. The Special Committee also recommended a draft resolution for the consideration of the General Assembly. 4. The General Assembly considered the question of Southern Rhodesia at its resUffied sixteenth session. It had before it the report of the Special Committeeg/ on its consideration of Southern Rhodeisa. On 28 June 1962 it adopted resolution 1747 (XVI) • by which the General Assembly approved the conclusions of the Special Committee and affirmed that the Territory of Southern Rhodesia was a Non-Self-Governing Territory within the meaning of Chapter XI of the Charter of the United Nations. It requested the Administering Power: (a) to undertake urgently the convening of a constitutional A/AC.I09/L.9. Official Records of the General Assembly) Sixteenth Session) Annexes) agenda item 97, document A/5l24. / ... A/5446/Add.3 English Page 3 conference, in which there should be full participation of representatives of all political parties, for the purpose of formulating a constitution for Southern Rhodesia in place of the Constitution of 6 December 1961, which would ensure the rights of the rrajority of the people, on the basis of "one man, one vote", in conformity with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and the Declaration; (b) to take immediate steps to restore all rights of the non-European population and remove all restraints and restri+ions in 181, and in practice on the exercise of the freedom of political activity including all laws, ordinances and regulations which directly or indirectly sanctioned any policy or practice based on racial discrimination; and (c) to grant amnesty to, and ensure the immediate release of, all political prisoners. In paragraph 3 it re~uested the Special Committee to continue its constructive efforts towards the earliest implementation of resolution 1514 (XV) with regard to Southern Rhodesia in order to ensure its emergence as an independent African State. 5. At its 107th meeting on 12 September 1962, the Special Committee took note of this resolution and in particular of its paragraph 3. 6. At its seventeenth session, the General Assembly adopted two resolutions on the ~uestion of Southern Rhodesia. By resolution 1755 (XVII) of 12 October 1962, the General Assembly urged the United Kingdom Government, as a matter of urgency, to take measures which would be most effective to secure (a) the immediate and unconditional release of Mr. M~omo and all other nationalist leaders, restricted, detained or imprisoned, (b) the immediate lifting of the ban on the Zimbabwe African Peoples Union. • 7. On 31 October 1962, the General As~embly adopted resolution 1760 (XVII), the operative paragraphs of which read as follows: • "1. Reaffirms its resolution 1747 (XVI); 2. Considers that the attempt to impose the Constitution of 6 December 1961 which has been rejected and is being vehemently opposed by most of the political parties and the vast majority of the people of Southern Rhodesia, and to hold elections under it will aggravate the existing explosive situation in that Territory; 3. Re~uests the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to take the necessary measures to secure: /... A/5446/Add.3 English Page 4 (a) The immediate implementation of General Assembly resolutions 1747 (A~) and 1755 (XVII); (b) The immediate suspension of the enforcement of the Constitution of 6 December 1961 and cancellation of the general elections scheduled to take place shortly under that Constitution; (c) The immediate convening of a constitutional conference, in accordance • with resolution 1747 (XVI), to formulate a new constitution for Southern Rhodesia; (d) The immediate extension to the whole population, without discrimination, of the full and unconditional exercise of their basic political rights, in particular the right to vote, and the establishment of equality among all inhabitants of the Territory; 4. Requests the Acting Secretary-General to lend his good offices to promote conciliation among the various sections of the population of Southern Rhodesia by initiating prompt discussions with the United Kingdom Government and other parties concerned with a view to achieving the objectives set out in this and all the other resolutions of the General Assembly on the question of Southern Rhodesia, and to report to the Assembly at its present session as well as to the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples; 5. Decides to keep the item 'Question of Southern Rhodesia' on the agenda of its seventeenth session.1! 8. In accordance with paragraph 4 of this resolution, the Secretary-General ., submitted a report21 to the General Assembly and the Special Committee. The General Assembly took note of this report at its 1200th plenary meeting on 20 December 1962. 9. In his report, the Secretary-General said that on 19 ~ecember 1962 he had received a letter from the Permanent Representative ef the United Kingdom in which it was stated, inter alia, that recent elections in Southern Rhodesia had resulted in the return to power of the Rhodesian Front Party, led by 3/ Ibid., Seventeenth Session, Annexes, agenda item 56, dor.ument A/5396; A!AC.l09!33. A/5446/Add.3 English Page 5 Mr. Winston Field, who had assumed the office of Prime Minister. It was further stated that it had not yet been possible for the United Kingdom Government to discuss matters of common concern with the new ministers. It was also pointed out that the change in government in Jouthern Rhodesia did not affect the constitutional relationship existing between the United Kingdom Government and that of Southern Rhodesia• .' e I··· A/5446/A<ld.3 English Page 6 B. INFORMATION ON T}IE TERRITORY General 10. Information on the Territory is already contained in the Special Committeels first report~ on Southern Rhodesia, which was considered by the resumed sixteenth session of the General Assembly and in its report to the seventeenth session of the General Assembly.lI Supplementary information on recent developments concerning the Territory is set out below. 11. According to the preliminary results of a census held in April/May 1962, the African population was 3,610,000. At a census of non-Africans in September 1961, the provisional figure for the non-African population was 239,320 of whom 7,260 were Asians, 221,500 were Europeans and 10,560 were of mixed race. Status of the Territory 12. The Gener~l Assembly in its resolution 1747 (XVI) adopted on 28 June 1962 affirmed that the Territory of Southern Rhodesia is a Non-Self-Governing Territory within the me2ning uf Chapter XI of the Charter of the United Nations. 13. The United Kingdom maintains that Southern Rhodesia is self-governing in respect of its internal affairs. Constitution 14. The Territory was granted a new Constitution under the Southern Rhodesi2 (Constitution) Order in Council, 1961, dated 6 December 1961.