REVIEW ARTICLE ISSN 2456-0170 A CRITICAL REVIEW ON “RASADHYAYA” 1Dr. Kadam Sayali Laxmanrao 2Dr. Pooja Dhiman 3Dr. Vijaykumar B. Chavadi 1&2Final year P.G. Scholar 3Associate Professor Dept. of P.G. studies in Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana B.V.V.S. Ayurved Medical College & Hospital, Bagalkot- Karnataka ABSTRACT Rasashastra evolved based on concepts of Dhatuvada & Dehavada. There are various textbooks which describes on these concepts and Rasadhyaya is one among them. Rasashastra / iatrochemistry is mainly dealing with the processing and therapeutic utilization of mercury, other metals and minerals. The present article highlights framework of the book, its author, time period, chapters with detail critical analysis and peculiarities. This article even describes about the contribution of the text towards Ayurveda. KEYWORDS: Rasashastra, Rasadhyaya, Dhatuvada, Dehavada INTRODUCTION Rasashastra is an integral part of Samsthana, Varanasi. Champaka has Ayurveda that deals with mercury, metals written Sanskrit commentary. In 1386 1st and minerals having therapeutic and Teeka on Rasadhyaya by Merutunga Jain. alchemical importance. The present article Contents of texts: highlights about review of the text Author has named the Chapters of text as Rasadhyaya authored by Pandit Rama Adhikara. Subject matter of the text contains Krishna Sharma, all the pharmaceutical total 481 verses and is divided into 21 procedures are explained in detail as well as chapters (As mentioned the preface of the different methods have been explained like book). Shodhana, Marana, preparation of Mentioned five types of Rasa Pooja: Kupipakwa Rasayana etc. Since this book Rasabhakshana, Rasasparshana, Rasadan, emphasizes on Rasashastra hence called as Rasadhyana, Rasapooja. ‘Rasadhyaya’. Such books are need of hour Peculiarities in Prathama Adhikara: to study in detail. Rasadhyaya Vishayaka Pratidnya: About the Author and Period: Firstly, author has explained about the -The Kashi Sanskrit Series 79, Shri Parada Dosha, Dosha Nirdesha, Parada Kankalaya Shishya Yogi Virachita Shuddhi or Parada Samskaras, after that -Time period: 14th century AD. Lohasiddhi, Dehasiddhi and Rasayana are Editor, Publisher and Commentaries: being explained. The text book edited by Pandit Rama Saptakanchuka Doshas of Parada found Krishna Sharma, with Rasaprabha Hindi mentioned different than other authors; 1. commentary by Dr. Indradeva Tripathi, Mruttikamaya Kanchuka, 2. Pashanamaya Published by Chaukhambha Sanskrit Kanchuka, 3. Jalajata Kanchuka, 4 & 5. 1782 www.ayurpub.com May-Jun 2021 Vol VI, Issue 3 Kadam Sayali Laxmanrao et al; A Critical Review on Rasadhyaya Nagaja Dwidosha & i.e Kapali & Kalka In this text Abharaka shodhana with (Krushna Varna), 6 & 7. Vangaj Dwidosha different drugs, two types of Jeerna i.e Shyama (having Panchavarna) & Kalika. Abharaka Jarana Vidhi, Jeerna Abharaka Rasasya Pancha Dosha: Parada Vidhi, Abhra Pishti Nirmana Vidhi These Doshas are commonly present in also explain in detail. Parada 1-Mala dosha, 2-Vanhi dosha, 3- There is no reference regarding the Visha dosha, 4-Darpadosha, 5-Unmattha explanation of about Jeerna Abharaka Suta- dosha. Loha Prakasharaji Jarana Vidhi, Jeernaya More Doshas which are present in Parada Prakasha Raji Sutasya Hemaraji Jarana and its Vikaras:1.Mrunmaya (Mruttika Vidhi, Jeerna hemaraji sutasya Gandhaka Rupa)- Kushtha Roga, 2.Pashanamaya – Jarana Vidhi and lastly Jeerna Gandhaka Jadata, 3.Varijata-Vatastoma (Vatashtila) Paradasya Manahshila Satwa Jaranavidhi. 4,5.Vanga, Naga – Kapalika Dosha (Kushta Different types of Kharpara Jarana Vidhi in Bheda), 6.Kalika Dosha- Gajacharma, which Jeerna Kharpara Satwa Sutasya Pandu, Kamala 7.Shyama Kanchuka- Annapatha Hiraka Jarana Vidhi this type of Shweta Kushta, 8. Mala Dosha- reduces Parada is called as Roudra Samharaka Chanchalata, 9. Agnidosha- reduces Satwa, Parada because it engulfs the all types of 10. Visha Dosha- Bhrama, 11. Darpadosha- Rasa, Maharasa, Dhatu etc. here Upama blust the organ, 12. Unammatt Dosha- man given like a Shankara Mahadeva. becomes Unmmata. Vadvanal Vida nirmana Vidhi with different Doshamukta Parada Prayogasya Phalama: drugs should be used like Shankha, Madara Vaidyas who are practicing the Ashtadasha Dugdha, Jambira Nimbu Swarasa, Samskarita Parada which is helpful to the Sovarchala Lavana, Aja Mutra, Nara Mutra, Lohasidhi and Dehasidhi are Yashasvi or Shilajita, Jayapala Beeja, Gunja, Tankana, place secure in Swarga. Kasisa, Tintidik etc. The prepared Parada Ashtadasha Samsakaras are Vadvanala Vida is engulfing the Parada as arranged serially in different manner as well as Swarna, Abharaka, all tyapes of given bellow:1-Patasarana Samskara, 2- Lohas also. Mardana Samskara, 3-Shodhana Samskara, Siddharasa Nirmana Vidhi, Siddha Rasasya 4- Murchitothapana Samskara, 5- Rasa Phala nirupanam, Badhasutasya Sarana Patana Samskara, 6- Uthapana samskara, Vidhi also explained properly. 7- Swedana Samskara, 8- Niyamana Dwitiya Adhikara: Samskara, 9- Nirodhana Samskara, 10- Nagarajyadinamuttamadi Nirupana- Mukhakari, 11- Jarana Samskara, 12- Nagaraji was Samanya Raji, Makshiki Raji Vedhakruta Samskara, 13- Sarana is Madhyama Raji, Ghoshraji is Uttam. Samskara, 14- Marana, 15- Pratisarana, 16- Prakasharaji Niramanvidhi: TikshnaLoha-1 Kramana Samskara, 17- Vedha Samskara, Pala, Kansya- 2 Pala, Tamra- 9 Pala, 18- Udhatana Samskara. Pittala- 3 Pala, Naga- 15 Pala, Swarna Different methods of Abhraka Shodhana are Makshika – 7.5 Pala & do Jarana in a explained: 1783 www.ayurpub.com May-Jun 2021 Vol VI, Issue 3 Kadam Sayali Laxmanrao et al; A Critical Review on Rasadhyaya Moosha upto Tamra part will be remaining with the Devadali Swarasa after that is known as Prakashraji. 1Gadhyana (4 Ratti) Swarna and 1Valla Kansyaraji Nirmanavidhi: Saraloha (3Ratti) Devadali Bhasma are amalgamated Churna-1 part, Kamsya Churna- 1part mixes and the end product is Hemadruti. in a Sharava and prepare in a bolus form. 1 Shashtam Adhikara: part of Shuddha Naga add in a Moosha do Shadloha Marana Vidhi: Naga - Manshila, Jarana, after that 1 part of Naga should be Vanga – Hartala, Loha Hingula, Tamra- added do Jarana repeatedly. Then Shudha Gandhaka, Rajata -Tilamakshika, Kansyaraji will be obtained. Swarna- Naga. Marana procedure is same Makshikaraji Nirmana Vidhi: Tamra as Tamra Marana. Churna-4Pala, Thutha Churna-4Pala, Tamra Marana Vidhi- 1 part of Tamra Swarnamakshika- 4Pala, in a Moosha do Patra, 2 parts of Gandhaka are subjected for Jarana upto 4 pala will be remaining is Mardana with Kumari Swarasa / Godugdha known as Makshikaraji. taken in a Sharava. Sharava samputa and Nagaraji Nirmana Vidhi: Shuddha Tamra- Sandhibandhana are done after complete 1part, Manahshila-4 parts, Mruta Naga – 4 drying Puta is given and collected after parts, Thutha Churna - 4 parts take all Swangashita. ingredients in a Moosha do Jarana upto 1 Saptam Adhikara, Ashtama Adhikara: part will be remaining is known as Nagaraji. Tridhanna Patha Hiraka Karana Trutiya Adhikar: Panchadha Marana Vidhi explained in this Kharpara Satwapatana Vidhi is explained to Adhikara. Three types of Hirakanna do in Moosha of Kuchalakara and Pathakarana Vidhi also explain. Five types Vartulakara then Satwapatana is extracted of Hiraka Bhasmikarana Vidhi has been through Nalika by subjecting to explained. BhudharaYantra. Navama Adhikara, Dasham Adhikara, Chaturtha Adhikara: Ekadasha Adhikara: For Gandhaka Manahshila Satwapatana Vidhi- Take different types of Gandhaka Shodhana, two Mrutakapatita Kanch Kupi fill with types of Gandhaka Pithi Nirmana Vidhi, as ManahshilaChurna and Abhrak put at the well as Gandhaka Taila Nirmana Vidhi. neck region close the Kanch Kupi, kept in a Swarna (Hema) Nirmana Vidhi: 384gms of ValukaYantra on Teevrigni for 12to15hrs. silver melted properly and added with 6 gm Then Manahshila goes upper side to the of Gandhaka Pithi to prepare Swarna bottle carefully collected after Swangashita. ( Hema ). Gandhaka Pithi is also helpful for Tridhannapathdoraka Karana Vidhi is three the goldsmiths. types of Shad Vidha Loha Drutikarana Dwadasha Adhikara: Vidhi is explained. Three types of Hema Nirmana Vidhi with Pancham Adhikara: Gandhaka Taila have been mentioned. Dwitiya Shad Lohadrutikarana Vidhi: Prathama Hema Karana Vidhi: Peetavarna Devadali Vruksha Panchanga is Shuddha Parada- 10 Gadhyanna (60gm) prepared in to Bhasma. Bhavana is given and Gandhaka Taila -1 Gadhyanna are 1784 www.ayurpub.com May-Jun 2021 Vol VI, Issue 3 Kadam Sayali Laxmanrao et al; A Critical Review on Rasadhyaya taken and placed in a Bhudhara Yantra and Pachana, then subjected for Parada Bandha Sandhibandhana is done, later after drying or Khota Bandha. puta is given with 4Chagana (4 dried stem). Panchamodasha Adhikar: In this same manner 100 puta should be Gandhakadrutipittya Uttama Swarna given and every time Gandhaka Taila is to Nirmana: Explain the procedure Sharava in be added to each puta and Sandhibandhana a Kukkuta Puta this method is use for the should be done. After these 4 puta Hema preparation of Uttama Swarna. It is also Raji Dasha Valla is added and again 4 Puta known as Gandhaka Druti Pithi is to be given. By doing this the Parada Chatushashti Vedhak. becomes Jarita by 1 Karsha into it. Later to Shodashadasha & Saptadasha Adhikara: this the Rajata Patra is added and Kukkuta Talaka Shodhana Vidhi: Acharya says that Puta is given. Thus, Hema of Panchadasha Talaka means Godanti i.e. Haratala Varna is attained. Godanti Shodhana is done with 5 Dwitiya Hema Karana Vidhi: ingredients like Saindhajala, Lavana Yukta Rajata 12