Understanding Dissidence and Controversy in the History of Psychoanalysis Edited by Martin S. Bergmann Copyright © 2004 by Martin S. Bergmann All Rights Reserved This e-book contains material protected under International and Federal Copyright Laws and Treaties. This e-book is intended for personal use only. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be used in any commercial manner without express permission of the author. Scholarly use of quotations must have proper attribution to the published work. This work may not be deconstructed, reverse engineered or reproduced in any other format. Created in the United States of America For information regarding this book, contact the publisher: International Psychotherapy Institute E-Books 301-215-7377 6612 Kennedy Drive Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6504 www.freepsychotherapybooks.org [email protected] Sponsored by the Psychoanalytic Research and Development Fund, Inc. The Fund dedicates this symposium to the mourned memory oF our First proFessional director, Sidney Selig Furst, M.D. (September 21, 1921—May 26, 2000). Conference Proceedings February 14—15, 2003 New York, NY Representatives of the Fund: Mortimer Ostow, M.D., President Peter Neubauer, M.D., Vice President Henry Nunberg, M.D., Professional Director Initial Presenter, Chairman of the Conference, and Editor of the Proceedings: ProFessor Martin S. Bergmann Invited Participants: Harold P. Blum, M.D. Dr. André Green William I. Grossman, M.D. Otto F. Kernberg, M.D. Anton O. Kris, M.D. Jill Savege Scharff, M.D. Robert S. Wallerstein, M.D. Elisabeth Young-Bruehl, Ph.D. Contributors Professor Martin S. Bergmann is clinical professor of psychology in the post-doctoral program oF psychoanalysis and psychotherapy at New York University. He is an honorary member oF the American Psychoanalytic Association and a member oF the International Psychoanalytic Association. He is coauthor of The Evolution of Psychoanalytic Technique (1976) and Generations of the Holocaust (1982) and author of The Anatomy of Loving: Man's Quest to Know What Love Is (1987) and In the Shadow of Moloch: the Sacrifice of Children and Its Impact on Western Religions (1992). A previous symposium. The Hartmann Era, also edited by him, was published by Other Press in 2000. Harold P. Blum, M.D., is a Former editor oF the Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association. He is the current executive director oF the Sigmund Freud Archives and in this capacity the organizer of the Library of Congress exhibition on Freud. The last book he coauthored, Psychoanalysis and Art (2003), was the result oF his creation oF an interdisciplinary symposium that took place in Florence, Italy, in 1991. He is clinical professor of psychiatry at New York University's school oF medicine. Docteur André Green is considered by many to be the most original psychoanalyst active at the present time. His books appear in French but many have been translated into English. They include On Private Madness (1986), The Work of the Negative (1999), The Fabric of Affect (1999), The Chains of Eros (2000), and Life Narcissism Death Narcissism (2001). William I. Grossman, M.D., is training and supervising analyst at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute and was Formerly clinical proFessor oF psychiatry at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City. Otto F. Kernberg, M.D., F.A.P.A., has recently completed his term as president oF the International Psychoanalytic Association. He is director oF the Personality Disorders Institute at the New York Presbyterian Hospital, Westchester Division and proFessor oF psychiatry at the Weill Medical College oF Cornell University. He is training and supervising analyst of the Columbia University Center For Psychoanalytic Training and Research. He was the director of the Psychotherapy Research Project of the Menninger Foundation and book editor of the Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association From 1977- 1993. He was elected Doctor Honoris Causa by the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1998, and received the Austrian Cross oF Honor For Science and Art in 1999. He is the author oF 10 books and coauthor oF nine others. His most recent books are Aggressivity, Narcissism and Self-destructiveness in the Psychotherapeutic Relationship: New Developments in the Psychopathology and Psychotherapy of Severe Personality Disorders (2004) and Contemporary Developments and Controversies in Psychoanalytic Theory, Technique and their Applications (in press). Anton O. Kris, M.D., is a training and supervising analyst at the Boston Psychoanalytic Society and Institute and clinical professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. He is also the author oF Free Association (1982). Peter Neubauer, M.D., is clinical professor of psychiatry and training analyst at New York University, as well as proFessor emeritus at Columbia University. He is editor oF the Psychoanalytic Study of the Child. Henry Nunberg, M.D., is the medical director oF the Fund For Psychoanalytic Research and Development. He is a member of the New York Psychoanalytic Society. Mortimer Ostow, M.D., Med. Sc.D., is president of the Psychoanalytic Research and Development Fund, attending psychiatrist at MonteFiore Medical Center, visiting proFessor emeritus oF pastoral psychiatry at the Jewish Theological Seminary, and a Faculty member at the New York University Psychoanalytic Institute. He is the editor of Judaism and Psychoanalysis and author oF The Psychodynamic Approach to Drug Theory and Sexual Deviation: Psychoanalytic Insight. Jill Savege Scharff, M.D., is codirector of the International Psychotherapy Institute and director of the International Institute For Psychoanalytic Training in Chevy Chase, Maryland, as well as clinical proFessor oF psychiatry at Georgetown University and a teaching analyst at Washington Psychoanalytic Institute. Robert S. Wallerstein, M.D., is past president of the International Psychoanalytic Association (1985-1989) and past president oF the American Psychoanalytic Association (1971- 1972). He was chair oF the department oF psychology at the University of California and a training and supervising analyst at the San Francisco Psychoanalytic Institute. He is the author oF Forty-two Lives in Treatment (1986), The Talking Cure (1995), and Lay Analysis: Life Inside a Controversy (1998). His 1988 paper, "One Psychoanalysis or Many," was particularly relevant to this symposium, as was his paper "The Common Ground oF Psychoanalysis" (1992). Elisabeth Young-Bruehl, Ph.D., is on the faculty of the Columbia Center For Psychoanalytic Training and Research. She is the author oF biographies oF Hannah Arendt and Anna Freud, and three essay collections, the latest oF which is Where Do We Fall When We Fall In Love? (2003). Contents Acknowledgements 11 Introduction 12 I Rethinking Dissidence and Change in the History of Psychoanalysis Professor Martin S. Bergmann 14 II Prepared Contributions of the Participants Prior to the Conference 198 2 Dissidence—Disagreement and Alternate Hypotheses for the Foundation of Psychoanalysis: On the Importance oF Examining the Underlying Meanings oF Freud's Hypotheses Dr. André Green 199 3 "Dissidence" in Psychoanalysis: A Psychoanalytic ReFlection Otto F. Kernberg, M.D. 223 4 Some Implications For Learning Psychoanalysis in Martin Bergmann's "Rethinking Dissidence and Change in the History of Psychoanalysis" Anton O. Kris, M.D. 253 5 The Wise Baby and the Wild Analyst Harold P. Blum, M.D. 264 6 The British Object Relations Theorists: Fairbairn, Winnicott, Balint, Guntrip, Sutherland, and Bowlby Jill Savege Scharff, M.D. 297 7 From Dissidence to Pluralism in Psychoanalysis—and Onto What? Robert S. Wallerstein, M.D. 339 8 The "Taboo on Tenderness" in the History of Psychoanalysis Elisabeth Young-Bruehl, Ph.D. 388 9 Charles Rycroft: A Study in Dissidence and a Psychoanalytic Cautionary Tale Professor Martin S. Bergmann 421 III Conference Proceedings 432 OPENING SESSION, FEBRUARY 14, 2003 433 RESUMPTION OF MEETING, 10 A.M. FEBRUARY 15, 2003 510 IV A Response to the Symposium "Understanding Dissidence”—After the Fact Robert S. Wallerstein, M.D. 627 An Editor's Personal Note of Thanks "The symposium upon which this book is based was conducted on my 90th birthday, a double privilege granted only to very Few. I thereFore wish to thank the participants and the Fund for Psychoanalytic Research and Development for so unusual a birthday present. I also wish to thank Stacy Hague, Judith Feher-Gurewich, and Ellen Vanook of Other Press for their enthusiastic acceptance of the manuscript. Thanks also go to Bob Hack, production editor, and the diligent copy editor, Dave Kaplan. The section on Lacan was written while my wife and I had the privilege oF staying in Joyce McDougall's house in Paris; her library on Lacan was of particular help. Catherine Alicot, secretary of the Revue Française de Psychoanalyse, was most helpful. Karen Duda, my secretary, shared the burden of writing this book with me with particular devotion. 11 Introduction We, at the Psychoanalytic Research and Development Fund, feel proud and privileged to have sponsored this study. It was not quite half a century ago that the Fund was organized by Dr. Herman Nunberg for the purpose of promoting research in psychoanalysis and dissemination of our findings. During the past fifty years we have tried to fulfill this mandate by conducting study groups, and by sponsoring public lectures and intensive symposia. Many of our projects have resulted in the publication