M.E.X.U. Journal of tlie Faculty of Architecture Volume 3, Number 2, Fall 1977. 215 STRUCTURALISM * Aydın GERMEN Received November 11, 1.977, A Liking for Algebraic Transformations * Introductions to structuralism are to On a circle let us take four equidistant points, to represent be found among the books listed in the either a clock or the four main points of the compass. Start in bibliography. This first part of 'the article is made of two sections. In the the north and slide to west point. Once more from west to beginning several major underlying themes south. Still more from south to east. If we consider only the and strands of structuralism are announced.The latter section is organized start of the operation and the end, the three counterclock in terms of the essential theoretical moves have resulted in one clockwise shift, north to east. The concepts of structuralism. In this organisation there are several departures elimination of the "intermediate" steps in the rotation in from the more "classical" presentations. favour of the "final" situation is akin to the algebra of On account of the difficulties involved transformations admired by structuralism in the condensation of the material from a larger study, the illustrative section in the beginning includes a few Someone who likes to know the history and succession of the comments which are too brief. three moves, plus their concreteness, and prefers these It is impossible to discuss structuralism without reference to linguistics. to an abrupt formalisation of initial state and end result However, our intention is precisely to will have difficulty with structuralist methods. This type of evaluate structuralism in extra-' linguistic contexts. This intention, just formalisation is not strange to the historical beginnings of the same, does not compel us to include structuralism in linguistics, but in recent phases it has such topics as the structuralist attitudes and significant structures in developed and expanded. chemistry or engineering, and so on; • besides it is not clear at the present Actually in arts or in the analysis of configurations and whether all structural methodologies should be likened to each other. human environment structuralists are not as likely to neglect as the formalisation suggests all the finer points and Succinct presentations are followod by succinct comments or critique. In this exclusively to see the coarse outlines. On the contrary manner, any presentation of structuralism structuralism is better placed to discern the finer grain and serves only to provide the frame for the evaluations, and for the treatment of to allow discrete existence for these grains than either structuralist or structural "outcomes" in various fields, the subject of Part II to functional or causal analysis. All this does not however, come. The juxtapposition and sequence of detract structuralists from the supposed elegance of structuralist attitudes and themes not only represent my own way of looking at presenting f,ull sequences or multiple metamorphoses in the form things, but also may point to alternative of one single-frame picture. This neglect of actual assessments of the methodology. A comparison with other approaches is transformations is obtained with the help of algebraic always either explicit or implicit in the transformations. text. I hope that my deep distrust of the unjustified fondness for symmetries in science and philosophy Linear Structure in Conduction with Substitutable Elements shows not only in the comments but also in the very organisation of the material. In orter to deal methodically with social symbols, or If the' style of exposition is in fact one configurations in space or the convolutions of phrases in the of brevity, this is what led to a wide use of what may be called technical language, these being of particular interest to structuralism, terminology, which I think just the same linear sequences may be analyzed as well as the replacement of will be familiar and clear to a majority of the readers. individual cells within them. Let us consider elements in a This is a condensation and rearrangement painting or objects on a table as a parallel to such of a study associated with a doctoral configurations and symbols. 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