THE DIFFERENCES OF EDMUND’S CHARACTERIZATION THAT INFLUENCE THE PLOT IN THE NOVEL AND IN THE SCREENPLAY OF C.S. LEWIS’ THE CHRONICLES OF NARNIA: THE WITCH, THE LION, AND THE WARDROBE AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By DERDIANA MARIA LUSINDA Student Number: 014214004 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2009 i ii iii iv v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I was given a chance to finish my study, but I did not take it. Oneday, I realized that I made a very big mistake. For the second time, the chance came again and I took it. I will never make a mistake for the second time and I know that it is just the beginning of my life. First of all, I would like to thank Jesus Christ, for His love and guidance. Without Him, it is impossible for me to finish this thesis. I thank Him for answering my prayer when I am down and low. I would like to express my gratitude to Dewi Widyastuti, S.Pd., M. Hum. as my advisor and Drs. Hirmawan Wijanarka, M.Hum. as my co-advisor . I am thankful for correcting my thesis during this time. Whatever the result is, this thesis is so meaningful for me. My special gratitude goes to my parents Papa (Opa) and Mama (Oma), my brother (Tommy), my sister (Linda), my brother in law (Bowo), my cousins (Orvis and Rafa), the big family of Seimahuira and the big family of Atmo Sumitro; I am thankful for everything they have done to help me in completing my study in Sanata Dharma University; although it took me a long time to complete. This undergraduate thesis is dedicated for them as a symbol of my responsibility to them. I also would like to thank Kurt “i’an” Cobain, Dita “iToel”, “The Remainers of EL ’01” (Dian “Kitink”, Ayu “Mba Ay”, Monda “Mondae”), The People at the Secretary, Sadhar’s security and staff, “Kakak-kakak” Domby Kid’s Hope Gajah Wong, Teachers and staff of Bambini Montessori Yogyakarta, Ms. Retno, Tante vi Lanni, Ms. Yuni, Ms. Anita, Margareth Aritonang, Okta “Liyul”, Ferdi “Parakan”, “Blacky”, “Little Blacky”, Mr. “T”, Miss “Supra”, Miss. “Kaze”; I am thankful for everything. I owe them, especially for helping me during the completion of my study and this thesis. My gratitude also goes to all of my classmates in English Letters 2001 for the magnificent years before and for the support to finish my study as well as to this thesis. Finally, I am sincerely thankful to the aid and good-wishes for all of my friends that I cannot mention one by one. God bless them all! Derdiana Maria Lusinda vii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................... i APPROVAL PAGE ......................................................................................... ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE .................................................................................... iii STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY ................................................ iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS ......................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. viii ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... x ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... xi CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1 A. Background of the Study ...................................................................... 1 B. Problem Formulation ............................................................................ 2 C. Objective of the Study .......................................................................... 3 D. Definition of Terms .............................................................................. 3 CHAPTER II. THEORETICAL REVIEW ................................................. 6 A. Review of Related Studies ................................................................... 6 B. Review of Related Theories ................................................................. 8 1. Character and Characterization in a Novel ................................. 8 a. Character in a Novel .............................................................. 8 b. Characterization in a Novel .................................................... 9 2. Character and Characterization in a Play .................................... 11 a. Character in a Play ................................................................. 11 b. Characterization in a Play ...................................................... 12 3. Plot in a Novel and in a Play ....................................................... 14 a. Plot in a Novel ........................................................................ 14 b. Plot in a Play .......................................................................... 16 C. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................ 18 CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY ............................................................. 20 A. Object of the Study ............................................................................... 20 B. Approach of The Study ........................................................................ 20 C. Method of the Study ............................................................................. 21 CHAPTER IV. ANALYSIS .......................................................................... 23 A. The Differences of Edmund’s Characteristics in the Novel and in the Screenplay ............................................................................. 23 1. Characteristics of Edmund in the Novel ..................................... 23 2. Characteristics of Edmund in the Screenplay ............................. 28 viii B. The Differences of Characteristics That Influence The Plot ................ 35 1. The Plot in the Novel .................................................................. 35 2. The Plot in the Play ..................................................................... 40 CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION ..................................................................... 50 BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 53 APPENDIX……..………………………………………………………… ... 55 ix ABSTRACT DERDIANA MARIA LUSINDA. The Differences of Edmund’s Characteization that Influence the Plot in the Novel and in the Screenplay of C.S. Lewis’ The Chronicles of Narnia: The Witch, The Lion, and The Wardrobe. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2009. This study compares C.S. Lewis’ The Chronicles of Narnia: The Witch, The Lion, and The Wardrobe with the screenplay with the same title which was written by Ann Peacock. The novel itself was written by C.S. Lewis in 1968 and the screenplay was written in 2006. Both the novel and the screenplay tell the story about the children of the Pevensies that were sent away from London during the war because of the air-raids. They were sent to the house of an old Professor. In the Professor’s house, one of the Pevensies children named Edmund, found a way to the world called Narnia. He entered Narnia and met Jadis. Because of his meeting with Jadis, Edmund became a traitor for his family. Even though the novel and the screenplay have the same story, the plots in both works are different. In the novel, the writer told about all the children of the Pevensies, but the screenplay writer gives more details to Edmund’s characteristics. So, this study deals with characterization, as they are considered to have affects to the plot between the novel and the screenplay. This study discusses: “What are the differences of Edmund’s characteristics in the novel and the screenplay?”. “How do the differences in Edmund’s characteristics influence the two plots?” In collecting the sources, the writer applied library research method. In doing the analysis, the writer was using formalistic approach. The theories applied are concerned with characteristics and plot both in the novel and in the screenplay. The theories on the differences between novel and play were also used. This thesis provided some results, which are: that there some differences on Edmund’s characterization in the novel and in the screenplay. The characteristics of Edmund in the novel are more details than in the screenplay. For example, in the novel, Edmund described as a young, disobedient, ridiculous, cowardly, naïve, impolite, traitorous, labile, tricky, and innocent. In the play, Edmund described as a loving, curious, greedy, selfish, brave, rude, and labile. There are some points from Edmund’s characteristics that can influence the plot in the novel and in the screenplay that is the characterizations of Edmund in the screenplay has a big role in the creation of the plot, even though the characteristics of Edmund in the screenplay do not describe as details as in the novel. For example, in the novel the climax is when Edmund in the battle. But, in the screenplay, the climax is when Edmund left beavers’ house when the others (Peter, Susan, Lucy, and beavers) had discussed about Aslan. x ABSTRAK DERDIANA MARIA LUSINDA. The Differences of Edmund’s Characteization that