GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH PANCHAYAT RAJ ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Andhra Pradesh Rural Roads Connectivity Project The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank assisted Environmental & Social Assessment and Preparation of Environmental & Social Management Planning Framework Final Report July 2018 Prepared by Samaj Vikas Development Support Organisation [email protected] Government of Andhra Pradesh – Panchayat Raj Engineering Department Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank assisted Andhra Pradesh Rural Roads Connectivity Project Environmental and Social Management Planning Framework Final Report Table of Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 Need for ESMPF ............................................................................................................... 10 1.3 AIIB Policy ....................................................................................................................... 11 1.4 Purpose of ESMPF ............................................................................................................ 11 1.5 Structure of the Document ................................................................................................ 12 2 Project Description ....................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Andhra Pradesh Rural Roads Connectivity Project .......................................................... 14 2.1.1 Proposed Roads under project ............................................................................ 14 2.2 Project Components .......................................................................................................... 15 2.3 Execution of ESMPF ........................................................................................................ 16 3 Legal, Policy and Regulatory Framework ................................................................ 18 3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 18 3.2 Environmental Laws, Policies and Regulations ................................................................ 18 3.3 Social Legal Framework ................................................................................................... 20 3.4 AIIB Safeguards Policy .................................................................................................... 21 3.5 Other Legislation Applicable for APRRP ......................................................................... 23 3.6 Statutory Clearances ......................................................................................................... 24 4 Description of Socio-economic & Environment Background .............................. 26 4.1 Demographic Profile of Andhra Pradesh .......................................................................... 26 4.2 Geographical Background ................................................................................................ 27 4.3 Environmental Baseline .................................................................................................... 28 4.3.1 Agro Climatic Zones ............................................................................................. 28 4.3.2 Geographical Zone ................................................................................................ 30 4.3.3 Rainfall .................................................................................................................... 31 4.3.4 Land Use ................................................................................................................. 31 4.3.5 Drainage ................................................................................................................. 31 4.3.6 Soils ......................................................................................................................... 32 4.3.7 Agriculture ............................................................................................................. 32 4.3.8 Forests ..................................................................................................................... 33 5 Baseline Survey (Primary Survey) ............................................................................. 34 5.1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 34 5.1.2 Sample Selection .................................................................................................... 34 Samaj Vikas ([email protected]) -i- Government of Andhra Pradesh – Panchayat Raj Engineering Department Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank assisted Andhra Pradesh Rural Roads Connectivity Project Environmental and Social Management Planning Framework Final Report 5.2 General Profile of Households .......................................................................................... 35 5.2.1 Distribution by Religion ....................................................................................... 35 5.2.2 Distribution by Social Category (Caste) ............................................................ 35 5.3 Family Details of Surveyed HH ........................................................................................ 36 5.3.1 Household size ...................................................................................................... 36 5.3.2 Literacy ................................................................................................................... 36 5.3.3 Primary Occupation.............................................................................................. 38 5.4 Housing Details ................................................................................................................. 39 5.4.1 Ownership .............................................................................................................. 39 5.4.2 Type of Structure ................................................................................................... 39 5.4.3 Electric Connection ............................................................................................... 40 5.4.4 Drinking Water Connection ................................................................................ 40 5.4.5 Sanitation ................................................................................................................ 41 5.4.6 Cooking Fuel Used by Households .................................................................... 42 5.4.7 Health Related ....................................................................................................... 42 5.5 Economic Status................................................................................................................ 44 5.5.1 Assets Owned ........................................................................................................ 44 5.5.2 Monthly Household Expenditure ....................................................................... 45 5.5.3 Average Monthly Household Income ............................................................... 45 5.6 Economic Related Activities............................................................................................. 46 5.6.1 Transportation of Goods to Market .................................................................... 48 5.6.2 Issues Related to Transportation ........................................................................ 49 5.7 Women Related ................................................................................................................. 50 5.7.1 Women in Education ............................................................................................ 50 5.7.2 Women in Economic Activities ........................................................................... 51 5.8 Access to Basic Facilities.................................................................................................. 53 5.8.1 Access to Educational Facilities .......................................................................... 53 5.8.2 Accessibility to Health Facilities ......................................................................... 53 5.8.3 Perceptions on Benefits from Improved Roads ................................................ 54 5.8.4 Focus Group Discussions ..................................................................................... 54 6 Environmental and Social Impacts ............................................................................ 57 6.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 57 6.2 Positive Impacts ................................................................................................................ 57 6.3 Negative Impacts .............................................................................................................. 58 Samaj Vikas ([email protected]) -ii- Government of Andhra Pradesh – Panchayat Raj Engineering Department Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank assisted Andhra Pradesh Rural Roads Connectivity Project Environmental and Social Management Planning Framework Final Report 6.3.1 Environmental Impacts 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