An International Journal Nature and Science ISSN 1545-0740 Volume 9 - Number 5 (Cumulated No. 50), May, 2011 Marsland Press PO Box 180432, Richmond Hill, New York 11418, USA http://www.sciencepub.net [email protected] [email protected] 347-321-7172 http://www.sciencepub.net/nature [email protected] Nature and Science ISSN 1545-0740 Nature and Science ISSN: 1545-0740 The Nature and Science is an international journal with a purpose to enhance our natural and scientific knowledge dissemination in the world under the free publication principle. Papers submitted could be reviews, objective descriptions, research reports, opinions/debates, news, letters, and other types of writings that are nature and science related. All manuscripts submitted will be peer reviewed and the valuable papers will be considered for the publication after the peer review. The Authors are responsible to the contents of their articles. 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References should include all the authors’ last names and initials, title, journal, year, volume, issue, and pages etc. ISSN: 1545-0740 ã 2003-2011 Marsland Press http://www.sciencepub.net [email protected] Nature and Science ISSN: 1545-0740 Volume 9 - Number 5 (Cumulated No. 50), May, 2011 Cover Page, Introduction, Contents, Call for Papers, ns0904 The following manuscripts are presented as online first for peer-review, starting from March 27, 2011. All comments are welcome: [email protected]; [email protected] Welcome to send your manuscript(s) to: [email protected]. CONTENTS No. Titles / Abstracts / Authors Full Text No. Traditional Knowledge and Utilization of Medicinal Plants of Himalayan Region Full Text Beena Joshi1*, and Vidit Tyagi2 1. Department of Botany , Kumaun University, Nainital ,263002,India 2. Department of Biosciences, DIBNS, Dehradun-248007, India [email protected] Abstract: Primitive human societies have been depending on plants and plant products for various 1 remedies. In certain areas these folk medical prescriptions are endemic and have survived through ages 1 from one generation to next generation verbally. They do not exist as written knowledge. Generally these systems of medicines depend on old people’s experiences. The person, prescribing these medicines has no so-called scientific knowledge about the disease. Indigenous systems of medicine are specially conditioned by heritage and myths. [Beena Joshi, and Vidit Tyagi. Traditional Knowledge and Utilization of Medicinal Plants of Himalayan Region. Nature and Science 2011;9(5):1-6]. (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub.net. Key words: Herbal drugs, indigenous knowledge, Vaidyas, medicinal plants The Petrography and Major Element Geochemistry of the Granite Gneiss of Arigidi area, S/W, Full Text Nigeria. Adeyeye Olufemi 1, *, Ademeso Odunyemi 1 1. Department of Geology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria [email protected] Abstract: The granite gneiss of Arigidi area, falls within the migmatite-gneiss-quartzite complex of the 2 Nigerian basement and occurs in association with grey gneiss, granite, charnockitic rocks and pelitic 2 gneiss lithologies. The outcrops of the rock were studied in the field, eight samples were analysed for petrographic and geochemical characteristics. In thin section, quartz, plagioclase, biotite and opaque minerals which are ubiquitous ranged from 16.3-42.2, 18.4-42.4, 11.3-28.6 and 6-10.7vol%, respectively while orthoclase, microcline, pyroxene and hornblende ranged from 0-11.1, 0-19.3, 0-12.4 and 0-16.3vol%, respectively showing that most of the samples are tonalitic in composition. Geochemically, the SiO2 content of the granite gneiss ranged from 63.42-74.30, Al2O3 ranged from 11.83-15.46 while Fe2O3 ranged from 1.33-3.22wt%. FeO ranged from 2.13-5.83, Na2O from 0.40- 3.91, K2O from 0.05-3.42, CaO from 0.82-5.78 and MgO from 0.42-5.47wt%. MnO ranged from 0.03- i 2.11 while TiO2 ranged from 0.01-1.46wt%. Discrimination diagrams revealed a preference for igneous fields by the granite gneiss. It is therefore deduced that this tonalitic granite gneiss has an igneous origin. [Adeyeye Olufemi, Ademeso Odunyemi. The Petrography and Major Element Geochemistry of the Granite Gneiss of Arigidi area, S/W, Nigeria. Nature and Science 2011;9(5):7-12]. (ISSN: 1545- 0740). http://www.sciencepub.net. Key words: Arigidi, granite gneiss, discrimination, tonalite, igneous origin Pollutant Dynamics And Distribution In Sediments North Of Lagos Lagoon Ecosystem. Full Text Adeleye A. O.1, R. O. D., Shelle1, A. E., Akinnigbagbe1 1Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research [NIOMR] 3, Wilmot Point Road, Victoria Island, P.M.B. 12729, Lagos, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: +234 8030623808 ABSTRACT: Thermal pollution was investigated in the sediment North of Lagos lagoon. The result 3 revealed the heavy metal distribution in sediment to be Fe>>>Zn>Pb>Cu. The concentration level of 3 Cd is generally below <0.002 mg/Kg in all the stations studied. The concentration levels of heavy metal gave evidence of pollution in sediment. The results obtained confirmed that over heated water and effluent discharge was the source of pollution in this part of the lagoon. The distribution of heavy metals in sediment and safety status is discussed. [Adeleye A. O., R. O. D., Shelle, A. E., Akinnigbagbe. Pollutant Dynamics And Distribution