University of Kentucky UKnowledge University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2005 FICCIONES DE PATAGONIA: LA CONSTRUCCION DEL SUR EN LA NARRATIVA ARGENTINA Y CHILENA Silvia E. Casini University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Casini, Silvia E., "FICCIONES DE PATAGONIA: LA CONSTRUCCION DEL SUR EN LA NARRATIVA ARGENTINA Y CHILENA" (2005). University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations. 377. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/377 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Silvia E. Casini The Graduate School University of Kentucky 2005 FICCIONES DE PATAGONIA: LA CONSTRUCCION DEL SUR EN LA NARRATIVA ARGENTINA Y CHILENA ______________________________________ ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION _____________________________________ A dissertation submited in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Kentucky By Silvia E. Casini Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Susan Carvalho, Associate Professor, Department of Hispanic Studies Lexington, Kentucky 2005 Copyright © Silvia E. Casini 2005 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION FICTIONS OF PATAGONIA: THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SOUTH IN ARGENTINIAN AND CHILEAN NARRATIVE Contemporary novels about Patagonia rely on foundational texts to caricature the region as a sterile, empty, and isolated. This stereotype was the impetus for this study. Through literary texts concerning Patagonia, the author joins the theoretical debate regarding the relationship between marginal and hegemonic cultures. A close analysis of writings on Patagonia reveals that the image of Patagonian space varies considerably depending on the perspective of the narrator, character, or writer. This dissertation analyzes the construction of Patagonian space in six contemporary novels by Chilean and Argentinean writers. It is divided into two sections. The first section discusses novels written about Patagonia by non-Patagonians. These works depend on – and repeat – the image of Patagonia found in certain foundational texts. The texts analyzed in this section include Patagonia Express, by Luis Sepúlveda, Final de novela en Patagonia, by Mempo Giardinelli, and La tierra del fuego, by Sylvia Iparraguirre. By contrast, the second part of the dissertation analyzes novels by Patagonian writers. Rather than the familiar stereotypes of Patagonia, these works paint a vibrant picture of the social, economic, cultural, and human realities of Patagonia. The texts of this section include the short stories Caminos y rastrilladas borrosas and Memorias de un carrero patagónico, by Asencio Abeijón and Papá botas altas (a collection of short stories), by David Aracena as well as the novel El corazón a contraluz, by Patricio Manns. The theoretical framework for this dissertation derives from Humanistic Geography an emphasis on the social awareness. Particularly special attention is paid to the ways in which environment shapes human interactions. Within that framework, the use of Cultural Landscape theory serves to illustrate how the social and physical environment shapes the perception of space in Patagonian literature. The ideas of the geographers Edward Soja, Yi-Fu Tuan, Lester Rowntree, Paul Adams, Steven Hoelscher, Karen Till and Edward Casey are used in this dissertation. In addition, the ideas of the literary scholars Arturo Roig, Michael Keith and Steve Pile contributed greatly towards the conclusion that critics must remain constantly aware of how location shapes the perspectives of space and discourses of power. KEYWORDS: Chilean and Argentinean Literature, Patagonia, Space, Cultural Landscape, Narrative __________________________________________ __________________________________________ FICCIONES DE PATAGONIA: LA CONSTRUCCION DEL SUR EN LA NARRATIVA ARGENTINA Y CHILENA By Silvia E. Casini ________________________________ Director of Dissertation ________________________________ Director of Graduate Studies ________________________________ RULES FOR THE USE OF DISSERTATIONS Unpublished dissertations submitted for the Doctor s degree and deposited in the University of Kentucky Library are as a rule open for inspection, but are to be used only with due regard to the rights of the authors. Bibliographical references may be noted, but quotations or summaries of parts may be published only with the permission of the author, and with the usual scholarly acknowledgements. Extensive copying or publication of the dissertation in whole or in part also requires the consent of the Dean of the Graduate School of the University of Kentucky. A library that borrows this dissertation for use by its patrons is expected to secure the signature of each user. Name Date ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ DISSERTATION Silvia E. Casini The Graduate School University of Kentucky 2005 FICCIONES DE PATAGONIA: LA CONSTRUCCION DEL SUR EN LA NARRATIVA ARGENTINA Y CHILENA ______________________________________ DISSERTATION _____________________________________ A dissertation submited in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Kentucky By Silvia E. Casini Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Susan Carvalho, Associate Professor, Department of Hispanic Studies Lexington, Kentucky 2005 Copyright © Silvia E. Casini 2005 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank the members of my committee for their constructive suggestions in the development of this dissertation. In particular, I thank Susan Carvalho, my director, for her dedication. Finally, I thank all of the family and friends who made it possible for me to complete this work. iii ÍNDICE Introducción…………………………………..…………………………………...…....…1 Los textos fundadores…………………………………………………………......1 La Patagonia como “dispositivo”………………………………………………...10 Marco teórico y metodológico……………………………...............……………13 Primera Parte…….………………………..……..………………………………………23 Capítulo Primero: Luis Sepúlveda: un viaje express al corazón de la Patagonia………..24 Síntesis Narrativa………………………………………………………………...27 Estrategias de construcción del espacio patagónico……………………………..28 La matriz del texto fundador……………………………………………………..32 Conclusiones……………………………………………………………………..44 Capítulo Segundo: La Patagonia inmensa, vacía y desolada como “final de novela”…...48 El plano pragmático: las motivaciones…………………………………………..52 La contaminación con el texto fundador………………………............................56 La huida hacia la NADA………………………………………………................61 Patagonia final…………………………………………………………………...74 Conclusiones……………………………………………………………………..77 Capítulo Tercero: La tierra del fuego: La Patagonia en el paisaje imperial……………..82 Literatura y paisaje cultural……………………………………………………...85 La saga sobre el traslado de los indígenas fueguinos…………………................88 Historia y espacio………………………………………………….……………..90 Espacio y escritura……………………………………………….………………95 El espacio desde el paratexto……………………………………….…..............102 Conclusiones……………………………………………………………………113 Segunda Parte…………..………………………………………..…….….....................118 Capítulo Cuarto: Los espacios cotidianos en la narrativa de Asencio Abeijón...………119 Técnicas narrativas…………………………………………………….………..123 El motivo del viaje……………………………………………………………...124 Lo cotidiano…………………………………………………………………….128 Lo épico………………………………………………………………………...139 Conclusiones……………………………………………………………………143 Capítulo Quinto: Papá botas altas: el espacio patagónico por el ojo de la cerradura....…147 El espacio para la vida familiar………………………………………….……….148 El regreso a la Patagonia……………………………………………….………...153 La Patagonia como ámbito de conflicto bélico………….………………..………159 La Patagonia asediada………………………………………………….………...167 Conclusiones…………………………………………………………….……… 169 iv Capítulo Sexto: La Patagonia a contraluz de Patricio Manns...……..……….…….…...174 Situación narrativa………………………………………………………….…..175 Las categorías espaciales en la construcción de los personajes……………..….177 El paisaje fueguino………………………………………………….…………..183 Una versión autóctona de la Patagonia………………………………................189 El foráneo en el paraíso…………………………………………………………191 Conclusiones……………………………………………………………………195 Conclusiones…..........…………………….…………………………………………….199 Notas……………………………………….…………………………………...………215 Obras Citadas…….…………………………..………………………………………....248 Vita.............……………………………...…………………………………..………….261 v Introducción Los textos fundadores Desde el momento