Final American River Common Features Project General Reevaluation Report Historic Properties Management Plan Prepared for: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Sacramento District July 2017 Prepared by: Consulting Engineers and Scientists Final American River Common Features Project General Reevaluation Report Historic Properties Management Plan Prepared for: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Sacramento District 1325 J Street Sacramento, CA 95814-2922 Contact: Name: Melissa Montag Title: Senior Environmental Manager Phone: 916-557-7907 Prepared by: GEI Consultants, Inc. 2868 Prospect Park Drive, Suite 400 Sacramento, CA 95670 (916) 631-4500 Contact: Barry Scott, RPA Senior Archaeologist (916) 213.2767 July 17, 2017 Barry Scott, MA, RPA Senior Archaeologist Project No. 1602400 Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. v Executive Summary and Content of Document .................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1. Introduction and Description of the Undertaking ................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Purpose and Application of the Historic Properties Management Plan .......................... 1-1 1.1.1 Roles and Responsibilities ................................................................................. 1-2 1.2 Description of the Undertaking ........................................................................................ 1-3 1.2.1 Project Location .................................................................................................. 1-3 1.2.2 Project Purpose and Need ................................................................................. 1-4 1.2.3 Area of Potential Effects ..................................................................................... 1-4 1.2.4 Description of the Undertaking ........................................................................... 1-4 1.3 Regulatory Context ........................................................................................................ 1-14 1.3.1 Federal ............................................................................................................. 1-14 1.3.2 State ................................................................................................................. 1-18 1.4 Permits and Rights-of-Entry .......................................................................................... 1-21 1.4.1 Rights-of-Entry .................................................................................................. 1-21 1.4.2 Permits.............................................................................................................. 1-21 Chapter 2. General Standards and Procedures ......................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Professional Qualifications .............................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.1 Archaeology ........................................................................................................ 2-1 2.1.2 History................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.3 Architectural History ........................................................................................... 2-2 2.2 Documentation Standards ............................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.1 Area of Potential Effects Maps ........................................................................... 2-2 2.2.2 Inventory and Evaluation Reports ...................................................................... 2-2 2.2.3 Findings of Effect ................................................................................................ 2-3 2.2.4 Historic Property Treatment Plans ..................................................................... 2-3 2.2.5 Monitoring and Discovery Plans ......................................................................... 2-3 2.2.6 Training Materials ............................................................................................... 2-3 2.2.7 Post-Construction Reports ................................................................................. 2-4 2.2.8 Treatment Reports .............................................................................................. 2-4 2.2.9 Other Reports ..................................................................................................... 2-4 2.3 Dissemination and Confidentiality of Information ............................................................ 2-4 2.4 Curation ........................................................................................................................... 2-5 Chapter 3. Context ........................................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 Cultural Context ............................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Prehistoric Archaeology in the Sacramento Valley ............................................ 3-1 3.1.2 Prehistory of the Sacramento Valley .................................................................. 3-6 3.1.3 Ethnographic Overview .................................................................................... 3-15 3.1.4 Historic Context ................................................................................................ 3-27 3.2 Environmental Context .................................................................................................. 3-45 3.2.1 Regional Surface Geology and Geomorphology .............................................. 3-45 3.2.2 Climate.............................................................................................................. 3-52 3.2.3 Flora and Fauna ............................................................................................... 3-53 Chapter 4. Cultural Resources Identification Methods ............................................................................. 4-1 4.1 Records and Literature Search ....................................................................................... 4-1 American River Common Features Project GEI Consultants, Inc. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers i Table of Contents 4.2 Area of Potential Effects Map Delineation ....................................................................... 4-2 4.3 Surveys and Documentation ........................................................................................... 4-3 4.4 Archaeological Sensitivity Assessment Procedures ....................................................... 4-5 4.4.1 Purpose of the Sensitivity Assessment .............................................................. 4-5 4.4.2 Methods .............................................................................................................. 4-6 4.4.3 Procedures ......................................................................................................... 4-8 4.4.4 Use of Sensitivity Assessment ........................................................................... 4-8 4.5 Identification of Traditional Cultural Properties and Cultural Landscapes ...................... 4-8 4.6 Special Process for Geotechnical Investigations .......................................................... 4-10 4.7 Built-Environment Resources ........................................................................................ 4-11 4.7.1 Resource Types ............................................................................................... 4-11 4.7.2 Resource Recordation ...................................................................................... 4-13 Chapter 5. Consultation with Knowledgeable Individuals, Groups and Native American Consultation Procedures ........................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Consultation with Knowledgeable Individuals and Groups ............................................. 5-1 5.2 Native American Consultation ......................................................................................... 5-2 5.2.1 Background ........................................................................................................ 5-2 5.2.2 Procedures ......................................................................................................... 5-3 5.2.3 Native American Burials ..................................................................................... 5-5 Chapter 6. Identification of Historic Properties ......................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Defining Cultural Resources ............................................................................................ 6-1 6.1.1 Prehistoric Resource Types ............................................................................... 6-2 6.1.2 Historic Archaeological Sites .............................................................................. 6-5 6.1.3 Traditional Cultural Properties, Sacred Sites, Landscapes, and Archaeological Districts ...................................................................................... 6-6 6.1.4 Properties Exempt from Evaluation .................................................................