A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOL PRESERVICE MUSIC TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE UNITED STATES by Bo Yeon Kim A dissertation submitted to the faculty of The University of Utah in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Music The University of Utah December 2015 Copyright © Bo Yeon Kim 2015 All Rights Reserved The University of Utah Graduate School STATEMENT OF DISSERTATION APPROVAL The dissertation of Bo Yeon Kim has been approved by the following supervisory committee members: Mark Ely , Chair 03/13/2015 Date Approved Joelle Lien , Member 03/13/2015 Date Approved Rachel Nardo , Member 03/13/2105 Date Approved Hasse Borup , Member 03/13/2015 Date Approved Michael Gardner , Member 03/13/2015 Date Approved and by Miguel Chuaqui , Chair/Dean of the Department/College/School of Music and by David B. Kieda, Dean of The Graduate School. ABSTRACT In this study, I investigated and compared secondary school preservice music teacher education programs in the Republic of Korea and in the United States of America. The purpose of this study was to identify similarities and differences between secondary school preservice music teacher education programs from Korea and the United States to facilitate understanding of teacher education programs. I analyzed in detail the admission requirements, curricula, and teaching practica of selected universities in both countries. Specifically, four Korean universities and three U.S. universities were selected for analysis. The Korean universities were Chonnam National University [CNU], Kongju National University [KNU], Korea National University of Education [KNUE], and Konkuk University [KU]. The U.S. universities were The University of Arizona [UA], University of Colorado Boulder [CU-Boulder], and The University of Utah [UU]. The results indicated that for admission requirements, the U.S. universities consider a balance of academic achievement and musical abilities, while the Korean universities allow applicants to compensate for a weakness in one area with a strength in another. Regarding curricula, the U.S. universities focus more on major coursework than do the Korean universities, while there seems to be no particular difference in teaching coursework. Regarding teaching practica, the U.S. universities require more credits overall and longer student teaching periods than do Korean universities. To my Dad, Byeong Og Kim, for your love, patience, support, encouragement, humor, and prayer TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... x Chapters 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 Need for the Study .................................................................................................. 4 The Problem ............................................................................................................ 7 Purpose of the Study ............................................................................................... 9 Research Questions ................................................................................................. 9 Scope of the Study ................................................................................................ 10 Definition of Terms ............................................................................................... 10 2 BACKGROUND SUMMARY AND LITERATURE REVIEW .................................. 12 Korean Education System ..................................................................................... 13 Development of Korean Education System .................................................. 14 Structure of Korean Education System ......................................................... 15 Standards for Korean Music Teachers .......................................................... 16 U.S. Education System ......................................................................................... 22 Development of U.S. Education System ....................................................... 23 Structure of U.S. Education System .............................................................. 25 Standards for U.S. Music Teachers ............................................................... 27 Related Studies ...................................................................................................... 36 Korea ............................................................................................................ 36 The United States .......................................................................................... 39 Comparative Studies ...................................................................................... 42 Summary ............................................................................................................... 43 3 METHODOLOGY AND PROGRAM CONTENT ANALYSIS .................................. 47 Programs of Study ................................................................................................. 47 Procedures ............................................................................................................. 48 Admission Requirements ...................................................................................... 49 Admission Requirements of Korean Programs ............................................. 49 Admission Requirements of U.S. Programs .................................................. 57 Comparison of Admission Requirements in Korean and U.S. Programs ..... 64 Curricula ............................................................................................................... 65 Curricula of Korean Programs ...................................................................... 65 Curricula of U.S. Programs ........................................................................... 76 Comparison of Curricula in Korean and U.S. Programs ............................... 81 Teaching Practica .................................................................................................. 82 Teaching Practica of Korean Programs ......................................................... 82 Teaching Practica of U.S. Programs ............................................................. 86 Comparison of Teaching Practica in Korean and U.S. Programs ................. 88 4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................... 121 A Review of the Study ........................................................................................ 121 Discussion and Conclusions ............................................................................... 122 Research Question 1 .................................................................................... 122 Research Question 2 .................................................................................... 126 Research Question 3 .................................................................................... 128 Implications for Now .......................................................................................... 130 Recommendations for Further Research ............................................................. 132 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 133 vi LIST OF TABLES Tables 3.1. Selected Universities .................................................................................................. 90 3.2. CNU Admission Requirements .................................................................................. 90 3.3. CNU Performance Audition Requirements ............................................................... 91 3.4. KNU Admission Requirements ................................................................................. 92 3.5. KNU Performance Audition Requirements ............................................................... 92 3.6. KNUE Admission Requirements ............................................................................... 93 3.7. KNUE Performance Audition Requirements ............................................................. 93 3.8. KU Admission Requirements .................................................................................... 94 3.9. KU Performance Audition Requirements .................................................................. 94 3.10. UA Admission Requirements .................................................................................. 94 3.11. UA Performance Audition Requirements ................................................................ 95 3.12. CU-Boulder Admission Requirements .................................................................... 96 3.13. CU-Boulder Performance Audition Requirements .................................................. 97 3.14. UU Admission Requirements .................................................................................. 98 3.15. UU Performance Audition Requirements ................................................................ 98 3.16. MOE Teaching Coursework Requirements ............................................................