Environmental and Social Monitoring Report Semi-Annual Report July – December 2020 March 2021 Cambodia: Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Services Sector Development Program Main Report and Attachment 1 to Attachment 5 (part 1) Prepared by Ministry of Rural Development for the Royal Government of Cambodia and the Asian Development Bank. This environmental and social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Semi-Annual Environmental and Social Safeguards Monitoring Report July – December 2020 Resubmitted 2 March 2021 Cambodia: Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project Prepared by Ministry of Rural Development for the Royal Government of Cambodia and the Asian Development Bank. This Semi-Annual Environmental and Social Safeguards Monitoring Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the ‘term of use’ section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 27th January 2021) Currency unit - Riel KHR1.00 = $0.000246651 $1.00 = KHR 40622 ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank AP - Affected People CC - Commune Council CCA - Climate Change Assessment COC - Code of Conduct CPF - Community Participatory Framework DBST - Double Bitumen Sealing Treatment DP - Development Partner DRM - Disaster Risk Management ECCAS - Environment and Climate Change Adaptation Specialist EHSO - Environmental Health and Safety Officer EMAP - Environmental Management Action Plan EMP - Environmental Management Plan FS - Feasibility Study GAP - Gender Action Plan GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism HSE - Health, Safety and Environment IEE - Initial Environmental Examination IP - Indigenous People IPPF - Indigenous People Planning Framework IR - Involuntary Resettlement KE - Key Expert MIS - Management Information System MOE - Ministry of Environment MRD - Ministry of Rural Development NGO - Non-Government Organization NKE - Non-Key Expert NSP - National Strategic Plan OHS - Occupational, Health and Safety PAM - Project Administration Manual PCU - Project Coordination Unit PDRD - Provincial Departments of Rural Development PE - Polyethylene PIC - Project Implementation Coordination PPMS - Project Performance Management System PPT - Provincial Project Team RAP - Resettlement Action Plans RGC - Royal Government of Cambodia RP - Resettlement Plan RWSS - Rural Water Supply and Sanitation RWSSH - Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene RWSSP2 - Second Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project 1 FX-Rate, https://fx-rate.net/KHR/USD/ 2 National Bank of Cambodia, https://www.nbc.org.kh/english/economic_research/exchange_rate.php i SDP - Sector Development Program SIA - Social Impact Assessments SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement TRWSSS-SDP - Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Services Sector Development Program VDC - Village Development Committee WSUG - Water and Sanitation User Group WEIGHTS AND MEASURE ha - hectare m - meter km - kilometer l/s - Liters per second masl - Meters above sea level mm - millimetre oC - Degree Centigrade dBA - Decibel mg/l - Milligram per liter ii NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This Semi-Annual Environmental and Social Safeguards Monitoring Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. iii Table of Contents Executive SUMMARY vii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Scope and Objectives of Monitoring 2 1.2. Focus of Monitoring 3 1.3. Project at a Glance 5 1.4. Description of the Project 6 1.5. DESCRIPTION OF SUB-PROJECTS 6 1.5.1. Batch 2 Sub-projects 9 2. Environmental Performance MONITORING 10 2.1.1. Other issues 16 2.1.2. Environmental activities for Batch 2 17 2.2. Health and Safety 17 3. Social Safeguards 19 3.1. Public Consultation Meetings 19 3.1.1. Batch I Consultation Meetings 19 3.1.2. Batch II 20 3.1.3. Batch III 23 3.2. Involuntary Resettlement Performance Monitoring 23 3.2.1. Batch I 23 3.2.2. Batch II 24 3.3. Indigenous Peoples Safeguard Monitoring 28 3.4. Information disclosure and socialization 31 3.5. Gender Monitoring 32 3.6. Grievance Redress Mechanisms 35 3.7. Capacity Development on Safeguard Compliance 36 4. Conclusions and Recommendations 37 4.1. Environmental monitoring 37 4.2. Recommendations for environmental monitoring 37 4.3. Conclusions from the social safeguard monitoring 38 4.4. Recommendations from Social Safeguards follow up actions for TWRSS SDP. 38 5. Attachments 39 iv List of Figures Figure 1. Location Map of Batch 1A, 1B, and Batch 2 Subprojects 6 Figure 2 Progress of water supply and sanitation facilities constructions, Batch I 9 Figure 3 Grievance Redress Mechanisms organogram 35 List of Tables Table 1 Monitoring Tasks 4 Table 2. Number of water supply and sanitation facilities by Subproject, Batch 1 7 Table 3 Compliance with EMP Requirements (Environmental Performance) – Batch 1 10 Table 4 Issues for Further Action 15 Table 5 Health and Safety Issues 18 Table 6 Summary of Community Consultations – Batch 1 20 Table 7 Summary of Questions and Answers during the Consultation Meetings 21 Table 8 Agreement on Provision of Land Required for Ponds Rehabilitation, Batch I 23 Table 9 Agreement on Provision of Land Required for New Drilled Wells, Batch I 23 Table 10 Summary of IR Impact Assessment, Batch II 24 Table 11 Area Required for Pond Expansion -Batch 2 25 Table 12 No. of Land Donation Documentation of Community Ponds by Commune, Batch II 26 Table 13 No. of Land Donation Documentation of New Drilled Wells by Commune, Batch II 26 Table 14 Summary of Compliance with IR Requirements 27 Table 15 Issues of IR for further action 28 Table 16 Ethnic Composition of Batch II by Communes (in percentage) 29 Table 17 Summary of Compliance with IP Requirements 30 Table 18 Issues of IP for further action 30 Table 19 Community Consultation – Batch 2 31 Table 20 Summary of Compliance with GAP Requirements 34 Table 21 Issues of Gender for further action 34 Table 22 Training provided to national and provincial level 36 List of Attachments Attachment 1 Detailed construction progress by sub-project, Batch 1 39 Attachment 2 Details of planned works in the 18 communes under Batch 2 40 Attachment 3 Summary of public consultation meetings – Q&A -Dec 2020 41 Attachment 4 Environment Screening Form, Batch 2 47 Attachment 5: Agreement on Provision of Land Required for Community Ponds, Batch 1 (samples) 47 Attachment 6 Agreement on Provision of Land Required for Community Ponds, Batch 2 (Samples) 47 Attachment 7 Agreement on Provision of Land Required for Drilled Well, Batch 2 (Samples) 47 Attachment 8 GRM Committees 47 Attachment 9 GRM Forms 47 Attachment 10 Kampot Land Donation Documents 47 v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i) This report is the Semi-annual Environmental and Social Safeguards Monitoring Report for the Third Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Services Sector Development Program (TRWSS-SDP), covering the period from July to December 2020. ii) Civil works under Batch 1a and 1b subprojects has reached approximately 89% completion. Subprojects refer to project activities at a commune level. All project activities in a commune is considered as one subproject. 20 out of 21 community ponds to be rehabilitated are 95% complete, all dug and drilled wells planned for rehabilitation are completed, all new drilled wells are completed, and all rainwater jars are installed. For the 2 planned small piped-water system, construction progress is at 50%. As regards sanitation, construction progress is at 87% for public latrines; 89% for household latrines; and 85% for polyethylene (PE) tanks provided for public institutions (schools and health centers) a. The batch 1 subprojects have been classified as Category C for environment but overall, Batch 1 has been categorized as B for environment. b. The Initial Environment Examination (IEE) has been updated. The Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) has requested an official letter from the Ministry of Environment (MoE) to confirm its verbal agreement granted during the Project preparation stage that the Project does not require IEIA/EIA submission and clearance. iii) During this period, compliance with the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of the batch 1 subprojects during construction was monitored by the Provincial Project Teams (PPTs) and the Non-Key Experts (NKEs) of the 8 participating provinces where the Batch 1 subprojects are implemented. Out of the 23 EMP requirements, 6 were reported to be of partial compliance and have been brought to the attention of the responsible parties including the contractors and the local authorities. 6 issues were identified during the previous reporting period and only 1 has been fully resolved while the remaining 5 require further attention. iv) Overall, there were no major concerns observed in the work sites during this monitoring period.