CENSUS OF INDIA 1981 SERIES 12 MAHARASHTRA Paper 1 of 1981--Supplement PROVISIONAL POPULATION TOTALS P. P. MAHANA OF THE INDIAN ADMINlSTllATIVE SERVICE Director of Census Operations M aharashtra ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It c~n be said that aU census oper~tions are alike·· in the sense of population count, but every census is different"in its own way. The 1981 census completed sometime ago, was, perhaps, the biggest _and most complicated exercise of its nature undertaken in our country. This holds good both in. the quantitative and qualitative senses. The sucCeSS of census operations is due largely to the whole-hearted co-operation of the State and Central Government agencies at various levels. At the helm of the affairs, Shri P. Padmanabha, Registrar General, India, guided the operations through all the stages. with rare ability, remarkable patience and missionary zeal. His help and advice was freely available to the officers of this directorate in general and me in particular. A great debt, is therefore, owed to the Registrar General, India personally by me which I can discharge, only inadequa­ tely, through deep and heart-felt thanks. I also take this opportunity to thank Shri V. P. Pandey and Shri K. K. Chakravorty, both Deputy Registrars General in the Registrar General's Office for their able help and guidance and willing co-operation at all stages. It will be no exaggeration to add that in the Registrar Genera1's Office,. everyone. lent us a willing hand for the successful completion of the operations. My thanks are due to all of them. It cannot be eJllphasised strongly enough that the census opera­ tions in the State were completed with the whole-hearted help and co-operation of the various agencies of the State Government at all levels. Shri P. G. Gavai, Chief Secretary to Government of Maharashtra always found time out of his extremely busy schedule to offer his mature help and guidance at the crucial stages. It was really a memorable experience to complete this difficult task under his steady­ ing and guiding hand. Shri K. K. Moghe, Additional Chief Secretary to Government of Maharashtra who was directly in charge of the census in the State Government held numerous meetings at my request for securing co-operation of the State Government Departments· and other agencies in many ways. He always listened patiently to my difficulties and invariably found ways of solving them. Secretaries of the State Government Departments, Municipal Commissioners and. Collectors of the Districts were always "Willing to help promote the cause of the census. I thank them aU for their enthusiastic participation in this mammoth task. Shri B. K. Chougule, Municipal Commissioner, Greater Bombay Municipal Corporation not only found time out of his busy schedule for the census, but also made his personal contribution in providing office accommodation for the census work in a difficult situation prevailing in Bombay. I can say without reservations that without his help, census operations in Bombay and the processing of the data would have been far more difficult than they really were. I thank Shri Chougule for his invaluable help and personal involvement in the census wor;k. Shri M. R. Natarajan, Ex-Municipal CommissioneI', Nagpur Municipal Corp,oration, Shri A. K. G. Desai, Administrator, Nagpur lVIunicipal Corporation and Shri P. S. Palande, Municipal Commissioner, Pune were generously fortbcoming with advice and guidance in the two major cities of N agpur and Pune. In the ultimate analysis, the "unsung heroes" of the 1981 census are ;the thousands of enumerators and supervisors, who worked unremittingly in the field against heavy odds, and in the event turned out a magnificent performance. Thea- part played by them ia the census operations must be acknowledged with a sense of appreCiation and gratitude and I take this opportunity to do so. I would also like to thank Shri R. B. Alva, Director, Govermnent Printing & Stationery, Maharashtra; his predecessor, Shri S. A. Sapre; Shri G. D. Dhond, Manager, Government Central Press, Bombay; S/Shri B. Bracken and V. R. Joshi, Managers of Government Photo­ zincographic Press, Pune; Shri lVI. Y. Mankame, Manager, Government Press and Book Depot, Nagpur; and Shri A. C. Sayyed, Manager, Government Press and Stationery Stores, Kol;ttapur for their ungrudg­ ing help in taking on massive printing work. Various publicity media like, All-India Radio, Doordarshan and newspapers gave a lot of publicity support to the census operations. A team of statistical assistants and computors headed by Kum. V. 1. Nimbalkar, investigator, was responsible for the compilation of data presented in this Supplement. Shri A. Shanmugam: senior geographer and Shri A. Braganza, geographer, prepared the maps and diagrams with the help of other draughtsmen and artists. Shri C. M. Kane, printing inspector and Shri R. C. Hirway, proof reader saw this publication through the Government Press at Kolhapur. They all deserve my thanks and appreciation for doing a good job in a timely manner. BOMBAY: 4th July 1981 P. P. MARANA CONTENTS Page Acknowledgements iii Figures at a Glance vii Introduction 1 Analysis of Results General Population Profile 5 Rural and Urban Composition of Population 7 Working Population 11 Sectionwise Population figures of Greater Bombay 14 Provisional PopUlation Tables Table I-Rural and Urban Composition of Population 19 Table 2-Population and Growth Rate of Cities. Urban Agglomerations 20 and Towns Table 3-Urban Population by Size-Class of Towns. 29 Table 4--Distribution of Main Workers. 30 Table 5-Distribution of Main Workers by Cultivators, Agricultural 32 Labourers, Household Industry and Other Workers. Primary Census Abstract 38 Table H 2-Disabled Population by Type of Disability 181 Publication Programme 195 MAPS AND DIAGRAMS Maps- 1 Administrative Divisions 1981 2 Urban Centres 1981 3 Change in Rural Population 1971-81 4 Urban Population 1981 5 Growth of Urban Population 1901-1981 6 Literacy 1981 7 Workers and Non-Workers 1981 8 Main Workers 1981 Diagrams- 1 Comparative Area 1981 2 Comparative Population 1981 3 Population Growth (Decadewise) 1901-1981 4 Population Growth (Rural/Urban and Male/Female) 1901-1981 5 Growth of Urban Population 1901-1981 (Classwise) ~ Trends in Decadal Growth of Population (1901-81) India, Maharashtra and Districts 7 Sex Ratio 1901-1981 8 Sex Ratio (Districtwise) 9 Population Density (Districtwise) 10 Percentage of Workers, Marginal Workers and Non-Workers II Percentage of Workers by Categories Errata FIGURES AT A GLANCE Census oj India 1981-Provisional Population Totabs A. Population of Maharasbtra Persons 62,715,300 Males 32,358,158 Females 30,357,142 B. Decennial Population Growth Absolute + 12,303,065 Percentage +24.40% C. Density of Population 204 persons per sq. km. D. Sex Ratio 938 E. Literacy Rate Persons 47.02~~ Males 58.65% Females 34.63~~ F. Urban Population Persons 21,966,806 Males 11,870,062 Females 10,096,744 Percentage of urban population 35.03~1u to total population. G. Main Workers Perso1l,s Males Females Total 24,277,436 16,872,281 7,405,155 Rural ]7,381,612 10,910,347 6,471,265 Urban 6,895,824 5,961,934 933,890 H. Percentage of Main Workers to Total Population Persons Males Females Total 38. 71~,~ 52. 14~'~ 24.39% Rural 42. 66~~ 53.25~1u 31.94% Urban 31.39% 50.23% 9.25% I. Percentage of Workers in Various Categories to Total Workers Cultivators 34.84% Agricultural Labourers 26.79% Workers in Household Industry 3.14~~ Other Workers 35.23~~ INTRODUCTION The 1981 census operations commenced on the 1981 Census Concepts 9th February 1981. The first stage of enumeration was completed on the 28th February. The revi­ In order to evaluate the provisional data that sional round which was undertaken to update have been presented in this Supplement as weD as the population count as of the sun-rise of the . Paper 1 it is necessary to understand clearly the lst March 1981, was, completed on the 5th various concepts that have been applied during the March. It is· a matter of satisfaction that field operations. Paper 1. containing the provisional population figures for the country was brought out by the Registrar It is well known that any census is a picture General, India on the 19th March, almost within a of the population at a pre-determined moment of fortnight of completion of the field operations. time. For the 1981 census, this reference moment Soonafter. Paper 1 of Maharashtra State was is the sun-rise of the lst March 1981. This means released, containing the following statements and that the count of population resident in census tables :- houses between 9th and 28th February was checked in the revisional round and brought up to the 1. Provisional population figures at a glance. reference moment. Such a scrutiny was not feasible 2. Statement showing comparative population. in the case of houseless persons who were and literacy figures of India by States/Union enumerated in a one-night operation on the 28th Territories. February. 3. Statement showing the population of Maha­ The census data are often presented in a form rashtra by districts. in which it is easy to establish some degree of 4. Table 1 showing distribution of popUlation, comparability with the data of the previous censuses. sex ratio, growth-rate and density of popula­ In view of the changing composition of the tion of Maharashtra by districts. various administrative units over the decades. the 5. Table 2 showing decadal variation in the data of the previous censuses have been suitably State's population since 1901. adjusted. 6. Table 3 presenting statistics on literacy (including population in age group 0-4) by Rural/Urban Classification districts.