Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924080782240 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 1924 080 782 240 In compliance with current copyright law, Cornell University Library produced this replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-I992 to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. 1997 THE PRINCIPLES, CONSTRUCTION, AND APPLICATION OF PUMPING MACHINERY NET BOOK.—This book is supplied to the Trade on terms which will not allow of Discount to the Public. CHARLES GRIFFIN &. CO., LTD. — — — . —— — — — STANDARD ENGINEERING PUBUGATIGNS. HYDRAULIC POWER AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY. By PiiOP. H. ROBINSON, M.Inst.C.E., F.G.S. Third Edition. Thoroughly Revised and Enlarged. With 60 Plates. Handsome Cloth. 34«. " The standard work on the applications of water power."— Cas^T-'s Magazine. THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF DOCK ENGINEERING. By BRYSSON CUNJSINGHAM, B.E., Assoc.M.Inst.C.E. In large 8vo. With 34 Folding Plates, and 468 other Illustrations. 30s. net. " Will be of the greatest service to the expert as a book of TefeTence/'—JSngijieer. THE DESIGN OF STRUCTURES: A Practical Treatise on the Building: of Bridg^es, Roofs. Etc. By S. ANGLIN, C.E. Third Edition. Revised, with additional Chapter on Foundations. 16s. "An exceedingly valuable book of reference." Mechanical World. A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON BRIDGE-CONSTRUCTION. A Text-Book on the Construction of Bridg^es in Iron and Steel. By T. CLAXTON FIDLER, M.Inst.C.E. Third Edition. Thoroughly Revised. Royal 8vo. Very fully Illustrated. 30«. *' One of the vert best recent works on the Buh^Qct."—Engineering CONSTRUCTIONAL STEELWORK. By A. W. FARNSWORTH, Assoc.M.Inst.C.E. In medium 8vo. Handsome Cloth. With over 100 Illustrations. 10s. 6(Z. net. 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Missing Page THE PRINCIPLES, CONSTRUCTION, AND APPLICATION OF PUMPING MACHINERY (STEAM AND WATER PRESSURE) With Practical Illustrations of Engines and Pumps applied to Mining, Town Water Supply, Drainage of Lands, etc. ; also Economy and Efficiency Trials of Pumping Machinery. HENRY DAVEY MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, F.G.S., ETC. SECOND EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED. WITH FRONTISPIECE, TWELVE PLATES, AND 279 ILLUSTRATIONS, LONDON: CHARLES GRIFFIN & COMPANY, LIMITED, EXETER STREET, STRAND. 1905. YAH Rights Reserved.'\ TABLE OF CONTENTS. VIU TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER IV. General Principles op Non-Rotative Pompinq-Engines. PAGE Principles of Cornish Engine, . 75 Waterworks Engines, 85 Mining Engines, .... 78 CHAPTER V. The Cornish Engine : Simple and Compound. The Cornish Engine, 88 Duty of Cornish Engine, 92 I Cornish Engine Details, 91 I Duty Reports, . CHAPTER VI. Types of Mining Engines. Various Types of Pumping-Engiiies, 102 Pump Rods, 122 Kley's Pumping-Engine, 104 Underground Engines and Pumps 126 Geared Engines, 106 Rotative Engine Underground, 130 Pumping Shafts, 110 Hugo Mine, .... 130 Example of Large Pumping-Plant, 118 Combined Direct-acting and Rod Pum ping-Engines, 119 pumping Engines, 133 Pit-head Frame, . 119 High Lift Underground Pumping System of Sinking the Shaft, 120 Engine, .... 134 Sinking Lifts, 122 Compound Cornish Cycle Pumjiing Plunger Lifts, 122 Engine, .... 135 CHAPTER VII, Pit Work. Pump Rods, . 142 Inclined Pit- Work, . .160 I Height of Lift, . 149 I Bucket Lifts for Sinking Purposes, . 152 CHAPTER VIII. Shaft Sinking through Water-bearing Strata. Colliery, . 1 a Flooded Bailing Tanks, . 155 Unwatering 171 Pit Sinking, 158 I CHAPTER IX. Htdeaulic Transmission of Power in Mines. 174 Darey's Modification, 178 Explanation of the Principle, . Trial of the Engines, 185 Its Application at Saarbriicken, 176 Working Results of the Engine, 177 Later Improvements, 187 Armstrong's Method, 178 TABLE OF CONTENTS. IX CHAPTER X. Electric Transmission of Power to Pumps. PAGE High-Lift Centrifugal Pumps, . 195 The Klein High-Speed Pumps, 199 Electrically-driven Plunger Pumps, . 199 CHAPTER XI. Valve Gears of Pumping-Engines. The Cornish Gear, . TABLE OP CONTENTS. CHAPTER XVr. Hydraulic Rams, Pumping Mains, etc. PAGE PAGE Hydraulic Rams, . .312 Hydraulic Mains, .... 322 Pearsall's Hydraulic Ram, . 314 Hydraulic Air Compressor, . 324 The Taylor Hydraulic Air Compressor, 317 Sommeiller Hydraulic Air Com- Syphons 319 pressor, . .325 Inverted Syphons, . 321 Pohle's Air Lift Pump, . 326 Index, 328 LIST OF FIGURES. Fia. PAGE 1. Savery*s engine, ..... 2 2. Newcomen's engine, 6 3. Newcomen's engine with injection in the cylinder, 7 4. Hornblower's compound Cornish engine, 19 5. Hornblower's and Trcvithick's compound Cornish engine, 26 6. Sim's compound Cornish engine, 26 7. Diagram of steam engine losses, 28 8. Section of steam cylinder with Corliss valves in covers for reducing clearance spaces, .... 29 9. Condensing engines : Efficiency curve, 34 10. Non-condensing engines ; Efficiency curve, 35 11. Diagrams illustrating distribution of steam in various types of pumping- engines, ..... 44 12. Distribution of steam, Whitaore Pumping Station, 46 13. ,, Aston ,, 47 14. Arrangement of Cornish engine and feed-water heater, Aston Pumping Station, ..... 48 15. Indicator diagram, Boulton and Watt engine, 49 16. Feed-water heaters applied to Cornish cycle engine, 50 17. ,, applied to a Cornish cycle steam pump, 50 18. Bucket pump, ..... 61 19. ,, (double acting), 52 20. Plunger pump, .... 52 21. Bucket and plunger pump, 53 worked from beam engine, 54 22. ,, ,, 23. Piston and plunger pump, 55 24. Double acting piston pump, 55 25. 26. ,, plunger pump, 55 27. Three-throw plunger pump, 55 piunp, 55 28. ,, bucket without foot valves, 55 29. , ,, 30. Butterfly valves, . • 56 31. Double-acting bucket pumps without foot valves, 57 32. Deep well pump without foot valves, 58 58 33. Shallow ,, ,, ,, 34. Well pump (Ashley's), 59 60 35. Double-acting well pump (Kestler's), . 36. Eeidler's piston and plunger pump with mechanically controlled valves. 61 , , , Xll LIST OP FIGURES. FIG. PAQB 37. Reidler's quick reciprocating pump, vertical section, 62 38. plan. 62 ,, „ 39. pump, suction valve seating, 63 40, 41. Sections of, ,, 63 42. Types of pump valves, 64 43. 65 44. Husband's four beat valve, 66 45. Suction and delivery valves of multiple ring-type. 66 46. Half section of multiple ring valve, 66 47. Double beat valve with leather seat, . 66 48. Valve box with multiple valves on movable seating, 67 49. Multiple valve seating. 67 60. Plunger pump for pumping sewage having multiple hanging valves, 68 51. Section of air pump of condenser showing application of disc rubber valves 69 52. Bucket fitted with hat-band rubber valves, . 69 53. Foot valve of bucket pump with hat-band valves, showing application of ' fishing tackle ' for drawing valve and seating, 70 54. Pump displacement diagram : a pair of double-acting pumps with cranks at right angles, .... 71 55. Pump displacement diagi'ams : two single-acting pumps with cranks at right angles, ...... 71 56. Pump displacement diagram : three-throw single-acting pump, 72 67. ,, „ ,, ,. double- 72 58. Pump displacement diagram : three-throw double-acting pump with one pump out of action, ..... 73 59. Wippermann's air charger for air vessels of pumping engines, 74 60.