Vol. 3, No.3, September 1989 195 A Revision of the South American Hairstreak Butterfly Genera Tergissima and Femniterga (Lycaenidae: Theclinae) by Kurt Johnson Department Of Entomology American Museum of Natural History Central Park Illest at 79th Street New York, New York 10024 ... ~~ ~~ Tergissima Johnson and Femniterga Johnson, I-- ~,- ~ ";T _II ~~ central Andean species,. are revised..to include, ~-~ _,.. '-0/' ~vu~ .....u ~Lll O:;p"'\;I"'O:; c= ........~ (of which six are nreviouslv undescrihed) Npw ---......-y .......... ~ ~ -~ 7, ....,.;: , , comDinauons mClUue JI'emnirerga cissusa ~newn;- ~n~\ 1<' ,,;nn;nnn -- . .\ ft~.:I Ji" ", L it: R ..,.;:;;,' C- ~ .-i:' (Druce), all transferred from Thecla; new species L-1 ~//) 'd~ .~7/l Tn 77 ".-: .~/ '7 .....u ... .. ". '0 , 'Ki:~ ,iflj "~ and Femnitertla itaituba F. meuana F. sDlendida C .. ! '.~ 7 ~ I --r""('- . - ..-. --=- - anu L'. 'HI • .n ~~"'.!s :0 IUI- "-. ThDr>lrr - .. a,.", nart of a largely undescribeaeumaeme assemblage also ineluding Cal 'CO is Seudder and Gal 'st 'rna Field. Fig".e 1. Generalized under surface wing patterns char ''P acterizing (A) Calycopis, Tergissima & Femniterga, (B) Ca~>:s­ tryma and tenninology (sensu Johnson et al, 1988) used herem. "Component A"-- FW postmedian tripartite line, usually from Introdl Jction costa to cell CuAl (black distad, red centrad, wbite basad); "Component B"-- HW medial tripartite line, M3 element out of line and forming a crossbar to rest of line [the "M3 crossbar"]; In 1988, as part of a faunal survey of NW "Component C" __ Iimbal area Witb extremelY "W"-sbaped conhg- Argentine hairstreak butterflies (Johnson, Eisele & uration of medial line framing various number of red or orange MacPherson 1988 [hereafter, Johnson et at. 1988), I orBS, !lells M3 to anal margin and with variously emphatic described the new genera Tergissima and Eemni- Thecla-spot at cell CuAl. terga from four sympatrlc speCIes occurrmg m the Because the distinctive morphologies typifying NW Argentine and SE Bolivian Andes region taxa of Tergi.<l.<;ima and Femniterga had not been (Johnson 1988). These two genera are related to mentioned by Field (1967a, 1967b), I speculated Calycopis Scuddel (1876) and Calystlyma Field that these genera mIght be of prlmarlly austral (1967b) (the four hereafter referred to as the South American distribution (Johnson 1988). "Calycopls assemblage"). The Calycopls assemblage Subsequently, it has been possible to survey a is part of a large, little studied and mostly unde Dumber of other museum collections for additional scribed, eumaeine assemblage also including several material and ascertain the species diversity and of the "species gLOUpS" of Dlaudt (1919, see below). distributional limits of these two genera. Based on All these taxa are primarily brown or bluish on the this information Tergissima and Femniterga are wmg upper surfaces and have brown under surfaces revised below. marked on the hinm'ling with a simple tripartite median band (Fig. 1). 196 Insecta Mundi Systematics both sexes generally brown (Johnson 1988, John- son et al. 1988). It is possible that species of Tergis Purpose and Methods. The general purpose sima and Femniterga may be confused with an of this study is to continue delimiting monophyletic unnamed sympatric group of species of generic groups in the large, superficially similar, group of worth with brown males and blue females and Eumaemi contaimng the Calyeopzs assemblage and gemtaha mamly dIstmgmshed m males by a more the "hesperitis", IbadQCQ", "vesulus", "ceerops" and robust vinculum and paired, centrally directed, "demonassa" species groups of Draudt (1919) apodemes on the eighth tergite and in females by an (hereafter, the "DIaudt gIOUpS"). Bridges (1988, p. elongate caudally fluted ductus (Fig. 11). It is in­ II.20) recently cited the uncertainty concerning tended to name and describe this genus and its species compOSItions m these assemblages. Current­ component speCIes as part of a forthcommg study of ly, cladistic analysis of this large component of the generic groupings in the Calystryma like assem Eumaeini is inhibited by a preponderence of unde- blage. All the above taxa can be readily separated scribed entities. Study of extensive samples and nom the common Thecla species autoclea Hewitson extant types (Johnson 1988; Johnson et al. 1988) by the latter's continuous hindwing band (Fig. 2H) suggests some 40-50% of the species level taxa are and structural characters (Johnson, 1988). undescribed, with numerous undescribed taxa As noted in detail in Johnson (1988, Figs. 3-4, displaymg morphologIes dIverging widely from AppendiX and Table 1), Tergissima and Femniterga knO'llll taxa. differ markedly in tergal and genitalic morphology . Materials. Specimens utilized for the present from taxa of Calycopis, Calystryma (Fig. 3) and the study include samples from the Allyn Museum of Draudt groups. Primarily, the four genera of the Entomology (AME), American Museum of Natural Calycopis assemblage are distinguished by various HIStOry (AMNH), Bntish Museum (NaturaI HISto­ modifications ofthe eighth tergzte (the "subcordate ry) (BMNH), Carnegie Museum of Natural History incised posterior cavity" described in detail by Field (CMNH), Field Museum of Natural History 1967a, 1967b, Johnson 1988, Johnson & Matusik (FMNH), Hope Entomological Collection, Oxford 1988, and Johnson et at. 1988) and genitalia. Com- University <HEC); Instituto Miguel Lillo (Tucuman) pared to rather simple modifications in Ca1ycopis (IML), Los Angeles County Museum (LACM), and Calystryma, the subcordate mCIsed posterIOr Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) cavities in Tergissima and Femniterga are partieu (MNHN), Milwaukee Public Museum (MPM) and larly elaborate (Figs. 3,8,9). In Femniterga, modifi­ Museo Zoologia UniveISidade Federal do Palana cation of the eighth tel giLe also OCCUI s in the fe- (Curitiba) (MPZNl. In the Calycopis assemblage males (Figs 6,7) There are major genitalic differ- and the Draudt groups, because of the numerous ences between the genera, makmg them eaSIly undescribed entities, I have examined all of the recognizable (Fig. 3). incorporated holdings, and as much of the unincor­ Calyeopis is Nearctic and Neotropical, Calys­ porated mounted material as pI esently accessible, tlyma Neotropical, and Tergissima and Femnitelgu at the AMNH, BMNH, CMNH, MNHN, and MPM. limited to South America. Much of this material is presently on loan at the Format and Terminology Hereafter, to save AMNH to be utilized over the longer term. space, certain selected terms (or their abbrevia Overview ofStudy Groups. Taxa of Calyeo­ tions) are used throughout. Geographic directions pis, Galystryrna, Tergissima, Femniterga and the ale noted as N (nolth, etc.), mv (nolthwest, etc.) Draudt groups have a generally similar under and C (central); TL means "type locality"; OD means surface wing pattern (Fig 1), t.hough particular "original description" Wing pattern and venation assemblages may have some unique characters. For terminology follows Clench (1964, 1975) except to mstance, Calystryma is distinctive in having the add the CuA (cubitus anterior) notation for phylo­ "\V" shaped limbal element of the tripartite band genetic consistency and the notations of Fig. 1 taken deeply incised, and the limbal cells more expansive­ from Johnson et a1., 1988. Morphological terms ly covered with orange or red (Fig lR) As empba- fOl]ow Johnson (1976, 1988) and Johnson & Matu- sized in Field (1967a, 1967b) both sexes of Calyeopis sik (1988) except when referring to the terminal taxa are generally blUe on the ,wng upper surfaees, lamellae in females. For these, the alternative terms while Calystryma taxa are generally brown (Field "genital plates" ("superior" & "inferior") (Klots, 1956) 1967a, 1967b; Johnson 1988, Johnson et al. 1988). are used for their descriptive value. Johnson (1988) Femnitelga has both sexes generally blue, while introduced the abhreviation ".'1ipc" for the eighth taxa of the Draudt groups and Tergissima have tergite's "subcordate incised posterior cavity" sensu Vol. 3, No.3, September 1989 197 _lL-_-II!I.OG",,"--_...I~ __--l~L-H _ Figure 2. Adults ofTergu$tma (serially in rows,lert: to right in half-sides, upper surface *len*; under surface *right*). A T. moscont­ ensi3, paratype male. Mosconi. Argentina. 20 June 1976 (AMNH); B. same, paratype female. same locality, 9 June 1976 (AMNH); C. T. maqJhusoni. paratype male, La Esperanza, Argentina, 20 June 1975 (AME); D. same, paratype female. Tartagal, Argentina. 31 May 1982 (AMNH); E. T. shargeli, holotype female. F. T. montanensu, holotype male; G. same, allotype female; H. Thecla auloclea (under surface only), Pichanal. Argentina (AMNH). Field (1967a, 1967b). Since "sipc" is in the liter­ Johnson el a/. (1988) listed "Thecla" species belong­ ature, I use it here in italicized form to save space. ing in Femnilerga but did not use formal binomials; Similarly, because sipc structures are deteiled in a hence, I treat such combinations here as new. number of publications, and cited often herein, I abbreviate these citations hereafter as: "Field op. cils." for Field 1967a, 1967b and "Johnson op. cils." Revision for Johnson 1988, Johnson 1989, Johnson & Matu­ sik 1988, and Johnson, Eisele and MacPherson Genus Tergissima Johnson 1988). Some localities in Material Examined are Figs. 2,3C-F placed in quotation marks because of their general­ ized data or for reasons explained in each section. Tergissima Johnson 1988, p. 30. Johnson et al. Specimens dissected are marked